On Safety in Dismantling Temporary Strut of Super-large Tunnels with Double-layer Primary Support北大核心CSCD

More and more multiple-track tunnels and super-large section tunnels have been built, and disman- tling of temporary strut is a weak point of the whole structure during force transfer when the secondary lining is con- structed. It is significant to guarantee structure safety during dismantling of temporary strut. Little systematic re- search on safety in dismantling of temporary strut of the super-large section tunnel with double-layer primary support has been conducted, so the internal force and security of the two-layer primary support of the Xinkaotang tunnel were analyzed by a numerical analysis and site measurement, and it proves the effect of two-layer primary support on the safety during strut dismantling. The research results indicate that: (1) with constant support thickness and one-time longitudinal dismantling length, the safety factor of secondary primary support is larger than that of the first primary support, and the safety factor of the first primary support is larger than that of the single-layer primary support. Change range of safety factor for the first primary support is smaller than that of the single-layer primary support, and the safe factor for the single-layer primary support is smaller than that of the secondary primary support; (2) with the same support pattern, the safety factors increase firstly and then decrease with an increase of the onetime dismantling length. The calculated results of various cases show that the reasonable one-time dismantling length for this project is about 9 m. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Analysis on the Characteristics and Development Trends of the Support Technology of High Ground Stress Tunnels in China北大核心CSCD

Combining the present situation and development trend of different tunnel support technologies at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the problems of rockburst in hard rock tunnels and large deformation in soft rock tunnels caused by high ground stress. It is concluded that: 1) regarding the rockburst problem, the current support technology is mainly influenced by the rock burst mechanism which is dominated by static factors, and so the used support components are generally of smaller deformation performance and "passive support" properties; 2) as the rockburst is the result of dynamic-static stress coupling, and only the anchor bolt has the "active support" attribute in the current "shotcrete+anchor bolt+wire net" support system, so the best support system should have the two functions of active support and energy release in terms of the rockburst problem, and the key focus of the research and development is anchorage members; 3) there are three main support types for large deformation in soft rock tunnels, e.g. the heavy support, layered support and yielding support. Among them, the heavy support system in underground cavern with large deformation is easy to induce excessive surrounding rock pressure, and so the applicable conditions are limited. The layered support system is still not the best choice due to its immature theoretical study, difficult determination of the thickness value and the installation time of each support layer and the interference to construction progress. With the characteristics of timely support and yielding while supporting, the yielding support system can give full play to the performance values of surrounding rocks and supporting materials, and make both of them reach the optimal state, so it is the best choice for supporting the soft rock tunnels with large deformations. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Soil Body Deformation Caused by Construction of a Double-Line Shield Tunnel with Multiple Factors北大核心CSCD

Considering the influence of many factors (soil loss, frontal additional thrust, the friction force of the shield shell and the additional grouting force), a method for improving the uniform soil body movement model is pro-posed, and a mechanical calculation model is established to study the calculation method for soil body deformation caused by double-line parallel shield driving. Based on the Mindlin solutions of elastic mechanics, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by the last three factors are calculated; considering the uniform soil body movement model, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by soil loss are calculated, then the to-tal theoretical solutions for soil body deformations under multiple factors are obtained by means of superposition. The vertical surface settlement, vertical horizontal displacement, and vertical displacements of the soil body at different depths of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 are calculated to analyze the variation laws. Meanwhile the influential factors for horizontal displacement variation are studied. The research shows that with a change of depth, the settlement of the soil body changes within the scope of 10 to 13 m in the horizontal direction near where the maximum settlement occurs;the direction of the horizontal displacement of the soil body changes with a change of the positional relationship be-tween the calculation points and the tunnel; and with an increase of interval J for the two tunnels, the horizontal dis-placement of the soil body of a deep double-line tunnel decreases while the displacement near the surface changes slightly. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

基于AIGA-WLSSVM的埋地管道腐蚀速率预测方法

为了降低埋地管道腐蚀影响因素之间的复杂相关性,提高腐蚀预测精度,文中提出一种基于自适应免疫遗传算法-加权最小二乘支持向量机(AIGA-WLSSVM)的埋地管道腐蚀速率预测建模方法,并采用AIGA优化模型参数,进一步提高模型的学习能力和稳定性。最后通过实例分析验证了AIGA-WLSSVM建模方法在埋地管道腐蚀速率预测中的可行性和有效性,为埋地管道的检修与更换提供参考。     

洋山深水港西港区岸线功能规划调整

为满足洋山深水港生产营运需要,有关部门希望保留颗珠山—蒋公柱潮流汊道,这与总体规划布置不一致。为此需进行深水港西港区岸线功能规划调整研究。考虑到汊道的颗珠山一侧潮流具有岬角绕流型特点,而蒋公柱一侧有岬角环抱型特点;在此认识基础上针对多种岸线方案进行试验。试验结果表明,采用岸线优化方案后,可以保持甚至改善汊道内和已建港区潮流条件。从水流角度看,采取合理的岸线布置和适当的工程措施后,保留和开发利用颗珠山—蒋公柱潮流汊道是可行的。     

长江深水航道水下坝体抛石设备改造

长江下游河段施工区域地形异常复杂、水深和流速条件对抛石坝体形成非常不利。以长江南京以下12.5 m深水航道二期工程口岸直水道整治工程Ⅱ标段为依托,通过改造抛石设备、增加串筒约束构造来降低抛石高度、减小抛石漂移距的方法,减小外界条件对抛石落点的影响,从而达到控制块石落点的目的,实现了水下抛石精准定位。工程应用效果良好,在提高施工质量的同时降低了成本,为类似项目提供了借鉴。     

计及弹性支撑效应的独立液舱晃荡数值分析研究

文章针对弹性支撑结构作用下的液舱晃荡问题,采用基于Hilber-Hughes-Taylor(HHT)格式的隐式直接积分法求解液舱运动,应用VOF法求解流体晃荡,并结合部分单元参数的概念处理棱形液舱边界,建立了液舱运动与流体晃荡双向耦合迭代算法。以独立液舱为研究对象,通过耦合求解弹性支撑液舱晃荡,并与非弹性支撑液舱晃荡进行比较,分析了在不同刚度的弹性支撑结构作用下液舱液体运动及晃荡载荷的变化规律。该文建立的分析方法为含弹性支撑的独立液舱晃荡载荷预报提供了一种快速、有效的分析手段。     

全海深双球连接耐压舱的结构设计探索

钛合金耐压球壳被广泛地应用于大深度载人潜水器.但是,由于受到材料强度的限制,若采用成熟的Ti-6Al-4VELI来设计3人型的全海深载人舱,其壁厚将超出很多国家的现有制造能力.为了解决这一矛盾,该文提出了一种新的双球连接的方案,并以中国船级社最新的强度标准作为优化约束条件,用有限元分析法对这种结构形式进行了优化设计.最后,对双球结构方案与传统单球方案作了比较.     

基于小波和仿射不变矩特征融合的舰船型号识别

针对不变矩对仿射形变目标描述的不足,为提高舰船型号的识别精度,提出一种基于小波和仿射不变矩特征融合的舰船型号识别方法.首先对二值舰船图像进行归一化处理,并分别提取归一化舰船图像的小波矩特征值和仿射不变矩特征值;然后通过计算样本特征均值与标准差的比值,选择出鲁棒性好、稳定性高的特征,通过归一化方法进行融合;最后构造五类舰船的样本集,采用支持向量机(SVM)作为分类器识别测试样本的型号,分析不同矩特征、样本集大小、SVM参数、本文方法对识别精度、稳定性的影响.实验结果表明,文中给出的算法提高了识别精度,并且在训练样本集较小时仍能获得88%以上的识别率.     

双月池对某援潜救生船运动性能及波面升高的影响

介绍某援潜救生船配设双月池的船型特点,规划双月池和不带月池2种方案来评估双月池开口对援潜救生船船体运动性能的影响。采用三维势流理论对2个方案的运动性能进行计算,得到船体运动响应函数,对船舶运动性能进行短期预报,研究总结双月池效应对援潜救生船运动的影响规律。对比双月池内水面和舷外波面升高的情况,比较两个位置处波面升高的差异性,总结双月池波面升高对潜水钟收放的影响。