乌鞘岭隧道深埋志留系地层大变形控制技术

乌鞘岭隧道岭脊段志留系地层千枚岩夹板岩地段 ,施工中发生大变形 ,初期支护开裂破坏甚至侵限。为此 ,对深埋志留系地层围岩特性及其变形规律作了分析研究 ,结合现场测试 ,提出控制该段围岩大变形的工程技术措施 ,有效地控制了围岩大变形 ,保证了结构安全     

船体变形测量技术综述

讨论了船体变形产生的原因,对目前常用的船体变形测量技术研究现状进行了叙述和分析,主要介绍了偏振光能量测量法,大钢管基准法,双光源双CCD测量法,双频偏振光法,光栅法,液体压力测量法,摄影测量法,应变传感器测量法,多部位安装航姿系统,惯性测量匹配法,GPS测量法等,探讨了船体变形测量技术面临的问题和未来发展方向.     

Application of analytical model in the prediction of dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers: Part II – Dynamic analysis of flexible risers in large-scale domain using a direct moment correction method

In recent years, the dynamic responses of flexible risers have been the focus of many researchers. Most flexible risers undergo a substantial level of irregular motion from environmental loadings, which involves a continuous slip of helical wires. The slip of helical wires especially leads to a hysteretic effect by reducing the bending stiffness, making it hard to predict the dynamic responses of flexible risers. The current study, as an extension to Part I, presents a new large-scale dynamic analysis method for flexible risers. The suggested method creates a large-scale model for the dynamic analysis that considers a geometric and bending nonlinearity of flexible risers. The kinematics of each beam element is formulated based on a Green-Lagrangian strain and the interaction with the seabed, providing a realistic analysis of flexible risers. In particular, the current study introduces a direct moment correction method that modifies the internal force vector using an improved analytical model. The improved analytical model is assigned at each node of the large-scale model and estimates an accurate bending hysteresis curve considering the effect of shear deformation and varying tension. The suggested method corrects the bending moment and shear force of all beam elements based on the bending hysteresis curves obtained from the improved analytical model, by which a complex bending behavior of flexible risers is reflected in a large-scale domain. As a result, this study achieves a more accurate prediction of the dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers. A new dynamic analysis program, called OPFLEX, is developed herein based on the suggested analysis method. Using the developed program, the current study conducts several numerical investigations to identify the effect of the shear deformation and varying tension. Consequently, it is confirmed that the shear deformation of internal layers reduces the fatigue damage of helical wires by delaying the increase of internal stress. It is also identified that the effect of varying tension deteriorates the fatigue life of flexible risers through a continuous change of contact pressure during bending.     

级配碎石重复加载动三轴试验仿真研究

为减少级配碎石重复加载动三轴试验量,采用Morh-Coulomb塑性模型,对级配碎石重复加载动三轴试验进行了有限元仿真,并对仿真结果用Pérez永久变形预估模型进行了拟合。结果表明:重复加载试验与其有限元仿真得到的永久变形发展规律相同,对仿真结果进行修正后,可用有限元仿真来代替部分室内重复加载试验。     

高纬度多年冻土区漠北公路路基变形特征分析

通过漠北公路沿线各试验段不同冻土条件和工程措施下各层土体沉降变形状况,分析东北高纬度岛状多年冻土区路基沉降变形主要发生土层部位及其破坏原因。分析结果表明:路基施工完成后早期路基变形较大,主要由工后不均匀沉降变形引起,变形主要由原天然地面下季节活动层的沉降压缩变形等引起,由于运营时间较短,由多年冻土融化引起的沉降变形很小。路基沉降变形主要发生在暖季,在冷季（11月~次年6月）路基基本保持稳定,变形很小。路基整体变形状况与冻土含冰量、冻土地温有一定的关系。高温多年冻土区比低温多年冻土区变形大。     

水泥混凝土路面粉质粘土路基永久变形及其预测

针对水泥混凝土路面与路基土永久变形之间的相互关系,从降低路面病害角度出发,分析水泥混凝土路面对路基性能的要求。并通过室内动三轴试验对水泥路面路基永久变形的形成机理和影响因素进行分析,基于NCHRP-37A模型,建立了相应的预估方法,以确定粉质粘土路基永久变形量。     

深基坑桩锚支护变形有限元分析

桩锚支护具有一系列优点,已成为基坑支护中最常用的方法之一。通过深圳某深基坑开挖过程的有限元数值模拟,得出了桩体水平位移、桩后土体沉降的变化规律,并将计算位移值与实际监测结果相比较,验证了有限元数值模拟的合理性,为深圳某深基坑支护提供了重要依据。     

307国道复线阳泉段巨型滑坡形成过程及破坏机理分析

307国道复线阳泉段巨型滑坡规模大,形成过程及破坏机理复杂。文章通过滑坡所赋存的工程地质环境以及滑动所形成的各种构造形迹,对该滑坡区岩层进行恢复重建,再现了该滑坡形成过程及破坏机理,并判断出其符合重力滑动构造破坏特征,从而为治理设计提供了依据。     

关于隧道穿越复杂地层塌方处理的对策与方法

隧道穿越复杂地层,施工中的塌方发生,针对吉茶高速公路麻栗场隧道塌方情况,进行了塌方原因的分析。文章通过麻栗场隧道塌方处理实例,浅述塌方处理的对策与采用＂护拱法＂、＂护拱法＂＋＂拱上拱＂及＂护拱法＂＋＂密排工字钢拱架＂等方法,进行塌方处理的主要施工技术措施。施工步骤以及处理后的效果。     

沥青路面永久变形设计方程研究

对于半刚性基层、刚性基层、柔性基层、组合式基层的沥青路面典型结构,计算出不同季节时不同深度处沥青混合料的温度和动模量,采用分层总和法计算出路面总永久变形,计算出平均塑性应变点的深度和弹性应变,并在路面总永久变形和季节平均气温、面层厚度、平均塑性应变点的弹性应变以及标准轴载累积作用次数间建立了回归公式,相关系数（R2）均在0.93以上,最后建立了沥青路面永久变形预估方法。结果表明,可以利用本文的方法来代替分层总和法预估沥青路面的永久变形,但前者更简单实用。