隧道地质超前预报方法的探讨和研究

研究目的:通过隧道地质超前预报,掌握掌子面前方地质信息,为施工单位优化施工方案、安全科学施工、提高施工效率、缩短施工周期等提供依据,为预防隧道塌方、突水、突泥、突气等可能形成的灾害性等事故及时提供信息,具有重大的社会效益和经济效益。研究方法:本文以作者在八盘岭隧道和长梁山隧道地质超前预报的亲身经历为背景,着重介绍了隧道地质超前预报在我国铁路、公路、城市轨道交通等工程的长大隧道施工中的重要作用和研究的重大意义。研究结果:本文系统地分析和归纳总结了隧道地质超前预报的前期准备工作、地质超前预报目的及内容、预报的各种方法、预报成果的输出形式和方式、预报时间安排和过程、探讨和研究的结论等,侧重介绍了地质超前预报的各种方法。研究结论:地质超前预报是隧道施工的一个重要环节,应纳入施工工序,可以指导施工,为隧道施工提供科学依据。     

清单计价模式下施工企业工程项目成本控制

实施工程量清单计价后，工程造价的费用组成发生了变化，施工项目的成本组成也发生了相应的变化，故对施工项目成本控制的方法也需要做一定程度的调整。     

Improved design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings and manholes under uniaxial compression

The paper focuses on the ultimate strength of perforated platings with circular openings and manholes, eventually reinforced by ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to develop a comprehensive and rationale format, useful to assess the ultimate capacity of perforated plate panels under uniaxial compression. In this respect, a large number of FE simulations is performed by Ansys Mechanical APDL, in order to provide new design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings or manholes and, subsequently, for perforated plate panels reinforced by local stiffeners. The design formulas are developed by properly varying the opening size and the scantlings of ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to provide a comprehensive set of design curves. Hence, the incidence of the opening longitudinal position on the ultimate capacity of perforated platings, without and with local stiffeners, is also investigated. Finally, the proposed equations are applied in a straightforward design example. Based on current results, the new design formulas allow a reliable assessment of the ultimate capacity of platings with circular openings or manholes and the incidence of local stiffeners on the plating ultimate strength, so providing a rationale design format that could be easily embodied in current Rules and guidelines.     

高大加筋土挡墙的安全性分析

结合重庆某滨江路高大加筋土挡墙的现场观测，应用改进的有限元计算方法和强度折减理论对高大加筋土结构的安全性进行评估分析。通过与简化Bishop法进行比较．两者结果比较相近。与其他工程事故资料对比，改进的有限元计算方法计算的滑动面位置更接近实际。有限元强度折减法优点是既能获得墙面变形，又能获得整体稳定安全系数，但安全判断的依据有待进一步分析研究。     

起重机用钢丝绳的损伤形式及防治措施

对起重机钢丝绳在使用过程中常出现的磨损、疲劳、锈蚀、变形、咬绳、过载等损伤形式进行研究,分析造成损伤的原因,提出相应的防止方法,以延长钢丝绳的使用寿命,保障码头安全生产.     

基于信号分析的Link16干扰策略研究

分析了Link16的信号特征,介绍了Link16编码方法和数据链信号的跳频方式.对干扰该系统的可行性进行了讨论,有针对性地提出了信号欺骗式干扰和同步段频点阻塞式干扰2种干扰方式.信号欺骗式干扰是在截获Link16信号基本参数后,生成并发出与Link16原始信号具有较强相关性的干扰信号,达到欺骗干扰的效果;Link16信号同步段只在8个频点上跳变,只要能将其中的5个频点阻塞,即可达到干扰效果.文章最后分析了干扰效果并给出了仿真结果.     

海上平台管道施工效率研究

一个工程项目的开展需充分考虑其运作的成本，在施工方面，提高施工效率是降低工程成本的一个重要方面。在海洋石油平台上进行管线施工作业，条件艰苦且风险较大，降低风险也是节约成本的重要方法。提出了提高海上平台管线施工的工作效率，减少施工时间措施。阐明从设计方法、建造施工方法两方面提高施工效率。     

The intelligent use of finite element methods

The structural analysis based on application of numerical methods used in the solution of complex structural problems, when applied correctly, is a powerful tool leading to rational structural design of ships. This paper discusses the practicalities of its application and indicates that in order to achieve the stated objective, the following are essential pre-requisites: a) full understanding of the problem; b) ability to solve the problem using currently available methods; and c) ability to interpret the results of the analysis correctly. Whilst there is still a lot of discussion on whether the structural analysis represents a structural design or a structural verification tool, the view expressed in this paper is that the structural analysis should mainly be used in the latter context. This means that a sound engineering solution ought to be established in the first phase of the analysis and used as a basis. The final results will then only be used to perfect the structural detail and modify the areas where rapid stress gradients occur. Any other approach would invariably require repetitive, time consuming and costly iterations which under normal circumstances may prove to be counter-productive. This paper presents a few examples of practical application, the methodology of achieving the solution and the way of interpreting the results.     

有限元元计算环境DPFEM的研究

利用Java语言对已有的有限元软件进行对象包装,并利用公共对象总线技术(CORBA)将它们包装成为可以远程调用的分布式计算组件,通过Java和CORBA的有机结合实现了异构网络平台上的有限元程序的互操作.在此基础上,给出了分布式有限元并行计算环境DPFEM(Distributed Parallel Finite Element Mehtod)的框架模型,实现了有限元元计算的原型.     

公路新旧路基结合部的病害及处治

结合已有的工程经验,总结出路基结合部的主要病害及成因,并从改造方案的选择、基底处理、边坡清理、台阶开挖、路基填料、路堤加筋、路堤的压实度控制、施工工艺等方面提出了处治方法。