Research on pharmacokinetics of high-dose tamoxifen in non-small cell lung cancer patients

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen at a high dosage, which will offer a theoretical support for an appropriate clinical use of the medicine in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） patients. Methods Three qualified NSCLC patients are selected and given tamoxifen （TAM） 160 mg per Os. Blood samples were collected at different times and then analyzed by high-performance liguid chromatography. The PK-GRAPH program was used to obtain the parameters. Results The concentration-time courses of the TAM 160 mg were fitted to one-compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated as follows： Tmax （6. 35±1. 24）h, Cmax （217. 39±7. 71）ng/mL, AUC （12 127.39±636.16）ng · h/mL and T1/2ke（34. 13±2.97）h. Conclusion TAM 160mg one day per Os cannot reach the effective maintenance concentration in vivo required for reversing MDR in vitro. Loading-maintenance dose strategy is recommended to study the pharmacodynamies of tamoxifen at a high dosage in NSCLC patients.     

Air–sea gas transfer velocity estimates from the Jason-1 and TOPEX altimeters: Prospects for a long-term global time series

Estimation of global and regional air–sea fluxes of climatically important gases is a key goal of current climate research programs. Gas transfer velocities needed to compute these fluxes can be estimated by combining altimeter-derived mean square slope with an empirical relation between transfer velocity and mean square slope derived from field measurements of gas fluxes and small-scale wave spectra [Frew, N.M., Bock, E.J., Schimpf, U., Hara, T., Hauβecker, H., Edson, J.B., McGillis, W.R., Nelson, R.K., McKenna, S.P., Uz, B.M., Jähne, B., 2004. Air–sea gas transfer: Its dependence on wind stress, small-scale roughness and surface films, J. Geophys. Res., 109, C08S17, doi: 10.1029/2003JC002131.]. We previously reported initial results from a dual-frequency (Ku- and C-band) altimeter algorithm [Glover, D.M., Frew, N.M., McCue, S.J., Bock, E.J., 2002. A Multi-year Time Series of Global Gas Transfer Velocity from the TOPEX Dual Frequency, Normalized Radar Backscatter Algorithm, In: Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, editors: Donelan, M., Drennan, W., Saltzman, E., and Wanninkhof, R., Geophysical Monograph 127, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 325–331.] for estimating the air–sea gas transfer velocity (k) from the mean square slope of short wind waves (40–100 rad/m) and derived a 6-year time series of global transfer velocities based on TOPEX observations. Since the launch of the follow-on altimeter Jason-1 in December 2001 and commencement of the TOPEX/Jason-1 Tandem Mission, we have extended this time series to 12 years, with improvements to the model parameters used in our algorithm and using the latest corrected data releases. The prospect of deriving multi-year and interdecadal time series of gas transfer velocity from TOPEX, Jason-1 and follow-on altimeter missions depends on precise intercalibration of the normalized backscatter. During the Tandem Mission collinear phase, both satellites followed identical orbits with a mere 73-s time separation. The resulting collocated, near-coincident normalized radar backscatter (σ°) data from both altimeters present a unique opportunity to intercalibrate the two instruments, compare derived fields of transfer velocity and estimate the precision of the algorithm. Initial results suggest that the monthly gas transfer velocity fields generated from the two altimeters are very similar. Comparison of along-track Ku-band and C-band σ° during the collinear phase indicates that observed discrepancies are due primarily to small offsets between TOPEX and Jason-1 σ°. The Jason-1 k values have an apparent bias of + 4% relative to TOPEX, while the precision estimated from the two observation sets is 5–7% and scales with k. The resultant long-term, global, mean k is 16 cm/h.     

利用放射性原理连续测量原油含水、含气率的方法

本文主要介绍了利用放射性原理,在线连续监测管道原油中含水、含气率的方法,以解决目前接触式监测方法长期运行可靠性差、自动化水平低等问题。     

事故树在铁路运输液化石油气安全分析中的应用

在分析铁路运输液化石油气途中可能出现危险的基础上,简要介绍事故树分析方法,并利用该方法分析铁路运输液化石油气过程中发生事故的主要原因,编制铁路运输液化石油气事故树,对该事故树进行定性和定量分析,求出其最小割集、最小径集和结构重要度,最后依据分析结果提出预防事故的措施。     

压气机级间喷水燃气轮机循环分析

该文给出压气机组间喷水燃气轮机数学模型,并据此模型计算出压气机的出口温度、压缩功、涡轮进口温度、循环效率及输出功率随喷水量变化关系。分析了大气温度、压比及涡轮进口温度变化时的压气机级间喷水燃气轮机的性能变化规律,讨论了在压气机不同位置喷水对燃气轮机比功和循环效率等性能的影响。     

天然气发动机曲轴箱爆炸模拟及分析

为了验证船用天然气发动机曲轴箱的设计强度能否承受最恶劣爆炸工况下的超压,利用CFD计算软件对曲轴箱内燃料-空气混合气体爆炸后果进行了数值模拟。现有的CFD计算方法普遍采用等效气体云模型,其中最新的Q9模型能够综合考虑气体膨胀率和层流燃烧速率对爆炸后果的影响,应用广泛。然而在曲轴箱等高拥塞度受限空间内发生的气体爆炸,火焰传播猛烈且燃烧状态复杂,对于这种情况采用Q9模型来进行模拟会造成结果的不准确,为此基于荷兰应用科学院(TNO)多能法在现有模型的基础上推导了适合曲轴箱内爆炸模拟的等效气体云模型。通过与试验数据的验证对比发现,新模型在高拥塞度较小容积受限空间中的计算结果精度较高,误差在20%以内,且混合气体越接近理想状态(化学计量浓度),该模型的计算精度越高。以某典型船用天然气发动机曲轴箱为例,采用新的等效气体云模型计算了最恶劣爆炸工况下曲轴箱内的超压分布,并导入有限元软件进行了强度评估。评估结果表明：曲轴箱内最大应力的位置发生在结构强度较弱的油底壳处,应力峰值为361.257MPa,油底壳采用Q235材料,该应力已超过其许用应力,该部分结构无法承受最恶劣爆炸工况下的超压,因此如不安装防爆阀,需在设计时对曲轴箱油底壳结构进行适当加强。     

因子分析在蒸馏常顶汽油样品PONA分析中的应用

用气相色谱以程序升温方式分析了蒸馏常顶汽油,并将各组分程序升温保留时间转换为恒温保留指数．以各组分在OV-1和SE-54固定相上、同一柱温下的保留指数差及在各柱上的温度系数为三因素进行斜交因子分析,给出了蒸馏常顶汽油样品的PONA值,经色谱－质谱仪分析验证了结果的正确性,为蒸馏常顶汽油样品的PONA分析提供了一种新方法．     

煤气甲烷化过程中汽/气比流量调节系统的设计

本文介绍了煤气甲烷化过程中汽／气比流量调节系统的设计、针对过热蒸汽在温度、压力发生变化时,其流量与差压关系发生变化,从而产生测量误差这一问题,对蒸气流量进行了温度压力补偿,收到了满意的调节效果,成功地解决了“结碳”问题。     

DETERMINING THE CONTENT OF JASMINODIN IN MEI RONGCAPSULE WITH THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY

Cardenia Jasminoides may bring about the ef-fects of laxative, being antipyretic, diuresis detoxi-cation, and anti--inflammation[1J. It has been provedthat the main active component of Cardenia Jas-minodin Eills is the iridoid glycosides representedby Jasminodin['.'J. Recently, with the improvementof people's living conditions in China,Cardenia Jas-minodin Eills has been applied in several kind ofcosmetics and proved to be effective in eliminatingacnes, disinfecting and beautifying the ski…     

船用燃气轮机板翅式回热器设计性能的优化

本文提出了一种回热器设计技术。它适用于在现有的简单循环燃气轮机基础上加装一新设计的回热器，可使该系统的性能达到最优。文中对目前船用燃气轮机装置中应用较广泛的板翅逆流式回热器的设计性能参数（回热度和压降）和结构参数（流道宽、流道长和板翅层数）的优化技术进行了分析，还对板翅式回热器的重量尺寸和系统性能之间的关系作了探索，并提出了新的评判准则。