AEB与可逆预紧安全带联合作用下乘员保护效果研究

针对自动紧急制动系统(AEB)导致乘员在碰撞前出现身体前倾和离位的现象,提出了使用可逆预紧安全带可以改善该现象,并且研究了在AEB和可逆预紧的联合作用下对不同坐姿乘员的保护效果。建立了某车型驾驶员侧包括正常坐姿和四种离位坐姿的约束系统仿真模型,并进行了验证。以五种坐姿乘员为研究对象,分别对比无AEB无可逆预紧,有AEB无可逆预紧,以及有AEB有可逆预紧三种情况下乘员的位移和损伤。结果表明:在只有AEB的作用下,碰撞发生后会增加乘员的离位,当初始坐姿为离位状态时更加严重,导致局部损伤增加,尤其是胸部损伤。在AEB和可逆预紧的联合作用下,各种坐姿下由AEB导致的离位得到改善,对于前移直立坐姿OOP02和左倾坐姿OOP03还能起到纠正初始离位的作用,各部位损伤指标和损伤风险也明显降低。     

Dynamics of railway wagons subjected to braking torques on defective tracks

It is well known that track defects cause profound effects to the dynamics of railway wagons; normally such problems are examined for cases of wagons running at a constant speed. Brake/traction torques affect the speed profile due to the wheel–rail contact characteristics but most of the wagon–track interaction models do not explicitly consider them in simulation. The authors have recently published a model for the dynamics of wagons subject to braking/traction torques on a perfect track by explicitly considering the pitch degree of freedom for wheelsets. The model is extended for cases of lateral and vertical track geometry defects and worn railhead and wheel profiles. This paper presents the results of the analyses carried out using the model extended to the dynamics of wagons containing less ideal wheel profiles running on tracks with geometry defects and worn rails.     

A novel fuzzy logic correctional algorithm for traction control systems on uneven low-friction road conditions

The traction control system (TCS) might prevent excessive skid of the driving wheels so as to enhance the driving performance and direction stability of the vehicle. But if driven on an uneven low-friction road, the vehicle body often vibrates severely due to the drastic fluctuations of driving wheels, and then the vehicle comfort might be reduced greatly. The vibrations could be hardly removed with traditional drive-slip control logic of the TCS. In this paper, a novel fuzzy logic controller has been brought forward, in which the vibration signals of the driving wheels are adopted as new controlled variables, and then the engine torque and the active brake pressure might be coordinately re-adjusted besides the basic logic of a traditional TCS. In the proposed controller, an adjustable engine torque and pressure compensation loop are adopted to constrain the drastic vehicle vibration. Thus, the wheel driving slips and the vibration degrees might be adjusted synchronously and effectively. The simulation results and the real vehicle tests validated that the proposed algorithm is effective and adaptable for a complicated uneven low-friction road.     

爆破片型式试验研究初探

由于近年对承压设备安全及环境保护要求的不断提高,爆破片的性能和可靠性越来越受到人们的重视.作为产品质量考核的重要手段,型式试验被人们广泛采用和接受.在对爆破片型式试验方法、项目、装置的研究和试验过程中,对爆破片型式试验有了进一步的认识和理解.     

制动力作用下简支梁结构动力响应分析方法

依据相关规范对制动力按最不利影响取值,根据Newmark-β数值积分方法编制程序,计算在列车制动力作用下多跨简支梁结构在不同影响参数（如制动速度、墩台刚度）下的纵向动力响应,以判断结构是否满足高速铁路运营的安全性要求。     

人颈椎间盘退变基因表达谱的研究

目的探讨人的颈椎间盘组织基因表达谱的变化,分析椎间盘退变的发生机制。方法改进的一步法抽取6例退变和6例正常颈椎间盘髓核的总RNA,用Cy3、Cy5荧光标记制成cDNA探针,再与22 575个cDNA基因表达芯片杂交,激光扫描荧光信号,对差异基因表达谱进行分析。结果进行6次扫描,退变和正常椎间盘髓核组织共有570个基因发生了差异表达,其中上调550个,下调20个。结论多种基因表达异常与颈椎间盘退变相关。     

重载列车纵向冲动机理及参数影响

利用重载列车空气制动与纵向动力学联合仿真系统,仿真计算列车制动过程中的冲动过程,发现纵向冲动是由冲击作用和挤压作用共同形成,最大车钩力就是这两者中力较大的一个.如果最大车钩力是由冲击力产生,则最大车钩力发生在列车尾部,反之最大车钩力是挤压力时,最大车钩力发生在列车中部.车钩间隙对列车纵向冲击力和挤压力都有影响,车钩间隙对冲击力的影响比对挤压力影响更大,对后部车辆的影响更显著;车钩间隙越大,最大车钩力越大.闸瓦摩擦系数对挤压力影响较大,对冲击力影响较小;摩擦系数越大,挤压力越大,发生车位越向前移.     

高速电动车组制动系统分析

通过对目前我国自行研制的《中华之星》和《先锋号》高速电动车组制动系统型式试验方面的各种试验数据的分析 ,对微机控制的直通式电空制动方式的空电联合制动和高速电动车组盘型制动装置进行了分析     

高速列车摩擦制动模拟试验研究

根据相似准则在MM 10 0 0型摩擦磨损试验机上进行高速列车摩擦制动模拟试验 ,研究了SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料和铜基粉末冶金闸片配对时的制动摩擦性能 ,探讨使用铝基复合材料制动盘的可能性。模拟试验结果表明 :铝基复合材料制动盘和铜基粉末冶金闸片配副进行摩擦制动时具有制动温升低 ,摩擦因数稳定和耐磨性好的优点 ,能满足高速列车的制动性能要求     

200km/h高速机车制动盘及联接件温度场、应力场数值模拟

根据传热学原理,建立了高速机车制动盘的传热数学模型,利用ANSYS有限元程序,对200km/h机车制动盘及联接件进行了温度场、应力场数值模拟。同时进行了1∶1台架试验,试验结果表明,数值模拟具有较高的准确性。并根据仿真结果,得出了制动盘及联接件瞬态温度场和应力场的一般规律。