土工格室加筋路堤边坡离心模型试验研究

以边坡高度12 m,坡度为1∶0.75,共铺设土工格室20层,层厚为0.6 m的某二级公路为原型路堤,设计和制作了9组土工格室加筋和1组未加土工格室边坡相似模型,对土工格室加筋边坡变形和破坏力学机理进行了离心模型试验研究。在试验加载过程中,采用位移传感器测量坡顶的变形,通过摄影照相记录边坡破坏全过程。试验发现,土工格室加筋边坡破坏过程可划分为变形、开裂、局部剪切塑性变形和破坏四个阶段。土工格室加筋边坡的破坏模式表现为加筋区的整体破坏,并与未加筋区有明显的分界线。加大格室高度与层厚比和提高格室长度与坡高之比有利于增加边坡的稳定性,但存在一个临界值。填料强度对土工格室加筋边坡的影响十分突出,边坡坡度对其稳定性的影响则不大。     

Parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence for shock resistance of double-stage vibration isolation system with limiters北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］For marine nuclear power plants, the relative displacement of the pump supported by a vibration isolation system should be strictly restricted. In order to improve the shock resistance of a vibration isolation system with displacement limiters, the parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence are studied. ［Methods］The theoretical model of a double-stage vibration isolation system with typical limiter parameters is established, the analysis of the shock response characteristics of the system is carried out using the direct integration method, the optimal limiter parameters are obtained using a genetic algorithm, and the influence of parameter deviation on the shock resistance of the system is studied. ［Results］Limiter parameters significantly affect the shock response characteristics of the vibration isolation system. The optimal limiter parameters improve the shock resistance of the system, but parameter deviation has a great influence on shock resistance. Based on the influence of parameter deviation, a deviation control strategy is proposed in which the elastic parameter should have a positive deviation and the gap parameter a negative deviation. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively alleviate the shock resistance degradation caused by deviation.［Conclusions］The results of this study can be used to guide the design, manufacturing and variation control of limiters for vibration isolation systems. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

Experimental and numerical analysis of a tanker side panel laterally punched by a knife edge indenter

The paper presents finite element simulations of a small-scale stiffened plate specimen quasi-statically punched at the mid-span by a rigid indenter, in order to examine its energy absorbing mechanisms and fracture. The specimen, scaled from a tanker side panel, is limited by one span between the web frames and the stringers. The paper provides practical information to estimate the extent of structural damage within ship side panels during collision accidents. Moreover, the results of this investigation should have relevance to evaluate grounding scenarios in which the bottom sustains local penetration. This is possible since the structural arrangement of the double hull and the double bottom of tanker vessels is very similar. The experimentally obtained force–displacement response and shape of the deformation show good agreement with the simulations performed by the explicit LS-DYNA finite element solver. The numerical analysis includes aspects of particular relevance to the behaviour of ship structures subjected to accidental loads which could give rise to difficulties in interpreting finite element calculations. In particular, the paper comments on the material nonlinearities, the importance of specifying the precise boundary conditions and the joining details of the structure. The considerable practical importance of these aspects has been the focus of attention in previous publications of the authors which evaluate the experimental-numerical impact response of simple ship structural components, such as beams and plates. Therefore, this paper uses the definitions proposed in those references to evaluate its applicability in the scaled tanker side panel, as an example of a more complex ship structure.     

小净距隧道群中夹岩水平位移规律的现场实测研究

以福建省平潭综合实验区龙兴岭隧道为工程背景,对小净距隧道群开挖过程中的现场实测数据展开细致分析,重点关注中夹岩的水平位移规律。外侧中夹岩的深度累加位移曲线呈现“V”字形,随着掌子面推进,曲线发生朝向开挖隧道侧的水平偏移,并在开挖至测孔断面后达到最大值。外侧中夹岩的时间累计位移曲线呈现“D”字形,且在隧道上方软弱地层中,发生朝向开挖隧道侧的明显水平偏移。内侧中夹岩先发生朝向先行洞侧的偏移,后回弹并逐渐趋于稳定。中夹岩变形是时空效应共同作用的结果,开挖明显影响范围一般为监测断面前后8 m。     

隧道“关门”塌方原因的力学分析及预防对策

为向施工技术管理人员解释隧道初期支护随施工的应力变化规律,进而找出发生“关门”塌方的原因,首先说明“关门”塌方发生时的施工状况,一般采取钢架+锁脚锚杆+喷射混凝土的支护结构,塌方时松散荷载已形成; 然后按荷载-结构模型,在初期支护承担全部设计荷载的条件下,通过施工三台阶法对上、中、下3个断面采取结构力学力法分别进行内力计算及承载能力分析。结果表明: 在围岩完全松散的极限情况下,上台阶绝对安全,中台阶基本安全,下台阶开挖尤其是仰拱开挖时塌方的风险极高。针对上述问题提出预防“关门”塌方的相应对策。结论认为采取钢架+锁脚锚杆+喷射混凝土的支护形式,支护结构处于极限应力平衡状态,很容易破坏而造成隧道坍塌。     

基于数值方法求解的周期加筋板声振特性研究

为了研究周期加筋板的声振特性,在文献所建立的周期加筋板声振理论耦合方程解析表达式的基础上,先给出一种便于编程的数值求解方法,然后研究加强筋间距对周期加筋板声振特性的影响规律。数值结果表明:周期加筋板的横向位移谱中存在3个特征区域;随之加强筋间距增加,周期加筋板的声振特性将趋于平板特性,远场辐射声压(SPL)曲线会向低频段偏移。     

考虑侧向位移的路堤沉降分析

为弥补公路路堤沉降预测中各现有模型存在的不足,并有效控制高路堤在建设期的稳定性,提出了基于等体积法的路堤侧向位移沉降模型,并推导出了计算公式.采用该公式对高速公路试验段长达1 a的沉降和侧向位移观测数据进行分析计算.结果表明,由侧向位移产生的沉降量约占总沉降量的20%;侧向位移产生的沉降也并非瞬时能完成,也能延续相当长...     

复合加筋格宾挡墙不同加筋方式数值模拟研究

介绍了复合加筋格宾挡墙的单元组成及结构形式。采用FLAC3D深入研究了复合加筋格宾挡墙的力学响应,探讨了不同面板形式、不同加筋方式时墙面侧向变形和筋材拉力的分布规律,提出了复合加筋的最佳加筋方式。研究结果表明：加筋方式对面墙侧向位移的影响较大,交替加筋比分组加筋有更小的面墙侧向位移;保持加筋间距不变而减小加筋刚度比增大加筋层间距而增大筋材刚度更可取;在交替加筋的同时沿墙高适当减小加筋刚度可节省筋材费用。面墙形式、筋材布置方式对筋材拉力的大小和分布形式有重要影响。     

泥浆在黄土中的浸湿性及其对土体竖向位移的影响

为准确了解施工泥浆在黄土中的浸湿性,以西安地铁2号线小寨站深基坑桩基工程为例,根据实际观测数据资料,对黄土地基钻孔灌注桩基施工过程中钻孔泥浆在黄土的浸湿范围及其对土体竖向位移的影响进行了分析。结果表明:钻孔泥浆在黄土层中的浸湿范围是有限的,不能使土体产生明显的结构性破坏,也不会导致桩体周边土层产生明显的竖向位移。钻孔灌注桩施工过程中,钻孔周边土体的扰动主要是受钻孔桩机的影响。这一结论可供黄土地基或基坑工程及其他同类工程的设计与施工参考。     

滑坡地段浅埋隧道极限位移研究及围岩稳定性评价

通过建立有限元模型,细化隧道开挖后的应力释放率,得到塑性应变突变点,进一步得到在滑坡地段修筑浅埋隧道,围岩变形的极限位移,防止因隧道开挖方法不当引起滑坡滑动、地表沉陷等诱发灾害.通过与实际支护情况下的位移、实测位移进行对比,说明采用数值模拟的方法得到的极限位移能够满足工程要求,作为评定隧道稳定性的标准,为设计预留变形量提供参考依据.