The economic impact of logistics infrastructure: the case of PLAZA – the Zaragoza Logistics Platform

Abstract

The economics literature offers many examples of studies of the economic impact of transportation infrastructure such as highways, ports, and airports; however, little attention has been paid to other types of infrastructure such as logistics platforms. This article is a first assessment of the economic effects of the largest logistics platform in Europe – PLAZA, the Zaragoza Logistics Platform – located in Spain. More precisely, this paper analyzes the economic significance of PLAZA on the economy of the Aragon region where it is located. The methodology is based on the application of input–output analysis to the final demand of logistics platform-based companies in a manner that is similar to well-established studies of the economic impacts of tourism on tourist expenditure. This makes it possible to quantify the various levels of economic effects (direct, indirect, and induced) in terms of jobs, salaries, and wages, turnover, gross operating surplus (GOS), and gross value added (GVA). The conclusions reveal the economic importance PLAZA has for the regional economy of Aragon, representing just over 2% of total GVA and 3% of turnover.     

浅析灯光刮水组合开关信号输出形式

介绍灯光刮水组合开关的点对点、电阻、矩阵、LIN总线、CAN总线信号输出形式;分析这5种信号输出形式的特点、电路原理及优缺点;最后总结组合开关信号输出形式的发展趋势。     

基于ILMI算法的车辆半主动悬架静态输出反馈控制

针对采用磁流变阻尼器的1/4汽车半主动悬架模型进行振动控制分析。利用迭代线性矩阵不等式(ILMI)算法在输出反馈控制中的求解优势,提出基于ILMI算法的半主动悬架静态输出反馈控制方法。仿真结果表明,结合合适的控制算法,采用磁流变阻尼器的半主动悬架系统有效地改善了汽车驾驶平顺性和乘坐舒适性。     

客车的制作天数与产量的关系探讨

在一个固定资产基本稳定的客车生产企业,其日产量与制作周期有一个对应的函数关系。本文推导出在制品数量、日产量和制作周期的函数关系,并用一个实例予以说明。     

盾构主轴承齿轮箱应用参数监测技术的可行性研究

以刀盘扭矩、刀盘转速和主驱动电流为3个变量,通过理论推导,定义参量"能量输出效率E",对盾构主轴承齿轮箱的能量传递效率进行定量评价。其可行性在延长盾构/TBM使用寿命相关研究实践中得到了验证。对主轴承齿轮箱等盾构部件工作状态进行参数监测,"E"参量具有开发应用前景。     

状态观测器参数对磁浮车辆悬浮稳定性影响的仿真研究

为研究磁浮车辆悬浮控制器的状态观测器参数对悬浮稳定性的影响,解决磁浮车辆悬浮不稳的问题,建立单电磁铁与柔性轨道梁的耦合模型。通过对悬浮系统传递函数的研究,得到速度激励信号频率与悬浮系统对轨道梁的功率输出的关系曲线,并得到状态观测器参数对系统性能的影响规律。由此得出结论,通过绘制"悬浮系统对轨道梁的振动能量输出功率"与"轨道梁主频率"间的关系曲线,即可得到不考虑轨道梁阻尼时,悬浮系统可适应轨道的临界参数。     

车载永磁发电机的研制

介绍了一种新型车载永磁发电机的研制过程。该电机和发动机形成一体,其设计方法有别于常规的发电机。采用电磁场的计算方法,根据静态气隙磁场分布状态调整该电机结构参数;用实际运行状态进行仿真,计算全调速范围内的输出特性,为HEV(混合动力汽车)的动力供应策略选择提供其输出能力Map图。     

输出反馈控制系统的鲁棒稳定性

本文讨论了开环系统的状态方程描述中各矩阵均含有不确定性时，经输出反馈构成的闭环系统的鲁棒稳定性，同时教室了非结构式不确定和结构式不确定两种情况，并分别给出了相应的鲁棒稳定性判据。     

New applications of EXIT chart for iterative decoding systems

Applications on iterative control and multiple input multiple output （MIMO） system were developed. Two new charts derived from extrinsic information transfer （EXIT） chart were employed as the designing tools, which are called as output mutual information chart with defined iterative degree （DID） chart and near optimum output mutual information （NOMI） chart respectively. Different from the EXIT chart, they can show the iterative performance on the whole signal-to-noise ratio range with one single curve, whereas computation complexity is greatly reduced compared with conventional bit error ratio （BER） performance curve. The iterative control was implemented according to a near-optimum iterative degree vector determined by NOMI chart, the reasonability of uncertain parameters was analyzed in one MIMO system. The concepts were illustrated based on bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding （BICM-ID）.     

EDITORIAL: FINANCIAL CREATIVITY

This paper sets out the developments in world shipbuilding policy that have occurred in the past decade. It reviews and outlines the situation that existed in the late 1990s, when an Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) agreement on the elimination of shipyard operating subsidies was tantalisingly close. After the Introduction, the second section provides a brief review of the development of the industry over the past three decades, setting the context for developments since 1997. The third section discusses the complaint of the European Union (EU) to the World Trade Organization (WTO) concerning the Republic of Korea's support for its shipbuilding sector, and its counterclaim over the EU's temporary defence mechanism (TDM). It is argued that the core of the EU's case at the WTO was flawed, and that the reintroduction of an operating subsidy via the TDM was a mistake. The only prospect for regularizing competition in this area lies in the negotiation of the OECD agreement that was completed, but not ratified, in 1994. Given the souring of relations between two of the main players in this area, the prospects for such a settlement seem remote. The fourth section uses Olson's theory of groups to argue that the European Commission's actions were driven primarily by industry pressure groups, and failed to consider the potential views of other European stakeholders, in particular the taxpayers. Given the failure of the EU's action at the WTO, the future direction of European shipbuilding policy will have to focus on strategies for internal development and improved industrial competitiveness.