温州浅滩围垦工程对周围海域盐度分布和水质的影响

在收集春季瓯江口海域附近的入海污染源位置和污染源源强等数据资料的基础上,主要考虑海水中溶解态无机氮（DIN）、溶解态无机磷（DIP）和叶绿素a的含量,利用MIKE21模型,考虑水体斜压,对温州浅滩围垦工程前后周围海域水环境的水动力和水质进行了耦合数值模拟。研究结果表明：工程并不会大范围改变瓯江口海域的水动力特征,影响主要集中在河口附近,体现在北口区域的流速有所增加、南口区域近河口处流速有所减小;同时,围垦工程导致北口潮流加大、盐度值略有增加;工程实施后不会对周围海域水质造成大范围改变,但是对局部海域水质的确有一定的影响,近河口处海域的营养盐浓度和叶绿素a含量都呈现上升趋势,局部区域富营养化一定程度上有所加重。     

增压器涡轮叶片间流体流动的数值模拟

从N-S基本方程出发,采用亚格子尺度模型,运用大涡模拟方法,通过建模和数值计算研究涡轮叶片间流体流动时周围流场的速度、压力、雷诺数和流线分布情况,得出涡轮叶片间流场参数的分布范围,发现各个工况点流场的变化规律和影响因素.该研究结果对增压器涡轮结构进一步优化设计具有重要的指导意义.     

船用直流组网技术比较

全电力推进系统相对于传统推进系统具有明显优势,是目前船舶推进技术的研究热点之一。全电力推进技术正在经历由交流组网技术向直流组网技术过渡的过程。在比较直流组网技术相对于交流组网技术的优势后,详细介绍目前几种流行的已经得到实船验证的直流组网技术路线,并对其异同点进行比较。分析结果表明,直流组网技术明显优于交流组网技术,不同的直流组网技术路线本身也会对系统的性能产生巨大的影响,特别是异步发电机+全控整流器的方案相对于其他的直流组网技术路线具有明显的优势。     

基于Fluent的空冷器管道系统流体均配研究

为了研究空冷器管道系统的流体均配问题,引入多孔介质模型,应用Fluent对空冷器的管道系统进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明:空冷器的压降越大,管道系统的流体分配越均匀;分流集合管与汇流集合管中的压力分布在一定程度上决定了管道系统的流体分配;分流集合管与汇流集合管中流体的流动方向相反有利于管道系统的流体均配,当二者的流体流动方向相同时,沿流动方向各支管流量依次增加。管道系统结构优化后,流体分配更均。     

沥青路面空隙率分布规律研究

空隙率是沥青路面最重要的体积参数之一,合适的空隙率是沥青路面长期使用能力的重要保证。一直以来,由于条件所限,无法进行路面空隙率数据的大规模采集,只能假设空隙率符合正态分布,而其真实分布规律却不得而知。使用无核密度仪采集沥青路面大量空隙率分布数据,利用拟合优度的Х^2检验及偏度、峰度检验拒绝空隙率分布的正态假设。     

Effect of the front and rear weight distribution ratio of a Formula car during maximum-speed cornering on a circuit

Because Formula cars are lighter than ordinary cars, the optimal settings for this type of car are thought to be different from those of a ordinary car. The front and rear weight distribution ratio of a vehicle is an important parameter that exerts a significant influence on critical cornering. The tendency of a ordinary car to under-steer during critical cornering is determined by the front and rear weight distribution ratio of the vehicle. Specifically, when the front of an ordinary FR (front-engine, rear wheel drive) vehicle is slightly heavier than the rear, the car tends to understeer during critical cornering. However, the optimal weight distribution ratio for critical cornering is not obvious for a formula car because of its lightness. This observation was investigated using a driving course similar to a real driving course to perform a maximum speed cornering simulations. It was found that a front to rear weight distribution ratio of 40:60 resulted in the fastest lap time. This ratio also gave the best results in the maximum-speed driving experiment performed using a driving simulator. Moreover, the maximum lateral acceleration during turning, the driving force, and the load movement of the inside and outside wheels was calculated using experimental driving force data and the concept of a tire friction circle. As a result, driving mechanics have been determined for a vehicle having a front/rear weight distribution ratio of 40:60 while traveling at maximum speed.     

Vehicle stability control system for enhancing steerabilty,lateral stability,and roll stability

The Vehicle stability control system is an active safety system designed to prevent accidents from occurring and to stabilize dynamic maneuvers of a vehicle by generating an artificial yaw moment using differential brakes. In this paper, in order to enhance vehicle steerability, lateral stability, and roll stability, each reference yaw rate is designed and combined into a target yaw rate depending on the driving situation. A yaw rate controller is designed to track the target yaw rate based on sliding mode control theory. To generate the total yaw moment required from the proposed yaw rate controller, each brake pressure is properly distributed with effective control wheel decision. Estimators are developed to identify the roll angle and body sideslip angle of a vehicle based on the simplified roll dynamics model and parameter adaptation approach. The performance of the proposed vehicle stability control system and estimation algorithms is verified with simulation results and experimental results.     

Fatigue design approach for the spot-welded T-type member using a simulated single spot-welded joint

In order to develop a fatigue design method for actual railroad car and commercial vehicle body structures using the fatigue data of simulated single spot-welded lap joints, we first analyzed the stress distribution and evaluated fatigue strength of spot-welded T-type members that are the components of actual railroad car and commercial vehicle body structures. Next, fatigue design approach of these members using the fatigue data of single spot-welded lap joints was investigated. From our results, we found that, even though there was a quantitative difference of fatigue strength between the single spot-welded joint and the actual members over the same number of fatigue cycles, through the use of appropriate correction, the fatigue design criterion of actual spot-welded members, such as those used in railroad car and commercial vehicle body, can be predicted using the fatigue strength of single spot-welded joint.     

桥梁荷载横向分布比拟正交异性板法的电算方法探讨

比拟正交异性板法,即G-M法,是目前确定桥梁荷载横向分布系数的一种常用方法。但是该方法计算过程繁冗,具有重复性,而且它所用到的计算图表粗略,每次所查读的影响系数K0和K1值都是估读,误差较大。该文通过运用多种计算机软件,整合G-M法的计算过程,使之快捷准确。并举例说明,可供桥梁设计人员参考。     

高新科技园区主干道宽度影响因素分析

该文结合高新科技园区的交通及企业现状调查,在对高新科技园区特点及主干道功能分析的基础上,探求主干道宽度影响因素,论述高新科技园区较宽主干道存在的合理性。