运输经济学发展阶段及经验浅析

依据运输经济学发展过程中,对于研究重点、研究范围以及研究方法的变化,将其主要划分为五个发展阶段.并在不同的发展阶段中,着重将所在时期的突出著作稍加分析.最终,总结得出了运输经济学发展到目前的几点经验,希望对其发展有积极意义.     

国内智能交通系统建设机制现状综述

近年来,随着智能交通系统的不断推进建设,我国在智能交通领域也取得了一定的发展和成效.为更有效地、深入地推进我国智能交通系统建设,从发展模式、机构设置、政策扶持、资金支持和标准化建设五个方面对国内智能交通系统建设推进机制情况进行研究,在此基础上,总结出我国在该方面的经验,可为我国智能交通系统的建设提供经验和理论参考.     

绞吸式挖泥船产量优化研究*

在总结绞吸式挖泥船产量影响因素的基础上,通过分析绞吸式挖泥船实际作业的大量数据,探讨了一种施工经验与施工数据分析相结合的产量优化方法。经过实际工程检验,该方法具有较大的应用价值。     

Towards a simplified performance-linked value for money model as a reference point for bus contract payments

The burgeoning commitment to contracting the delivery of bus services through competitive tendering or negotiated performance-based contracts has been accompanied by as many contract payments schemes as there are contracts. We are now well placed to design a simplified performance-linked payment (SPLP) model that can be used as a reference point to ensure value for money, given the accumulation of experiences throughout the world which have revealed substantive common elements in contracts. Whether the payment to the operator is framed as a payment per passenger or as a payment per service kilometre, the SPLP identifies efficient subsidy outcomes that are linked to a proxy indicator of net social benefit per dollar of subsidy. We illustrate how the SPLP model can be applied to obtain the gross (subsidy) cost per passenger (or per passenger km) from measures of gross cost efficiency and network effectiveness. This model can then be used as part of a benchmarking activity to identify reference value of money prospects in respect of passengers per $ subsidy outlay by adjusting for influences not under the control of the service provider. A single framework to identify contract payments to operators, and to assess (i.e., benchmark) operator performance on critical KPIs, is provided by internalising critical key performance indicators (KPIs) in the design of the SPLP. The proposed SPLP model is sufficiently general to be independent of the procurement method (competitive tendered or negotiated, for example) and of the treatment of revenue allocation (net or gross based contracts), with the additional advantage of being able to assess value for money for government.     

高职隐性课程之内涵及功能初探

隐性课程是受教育者在教育环境下获得的、未能准确预知和量化测评的、以情意行等非学术性经验为主的教育经验,它具有整体性、内隐性、深刻性、持久性、愉悦性、易接受性及结果的非预测性等特征,对高职学生的人格健全发展、社会化与职业角色化具有重要作用,是培养全面发展的高素质技能型人才目标得以实现的重要保证。加强高职教育隐胜课程建设,需从观念转变、物化载体建设、制度建设等方面人手。     

中山顶隧道岩溶处治设计及其体会

中山顶隧道地质勘察评估为Ⅰ级风险岩溶隧道,是广乐高速公路建设的控制性工程之一。根据中山顶隧道的岩溶特点,就施工过程中3个典型岩溶处治设计方案进行介绍,并总结岩溶区大跨隧道设计经验,以期对类似工程的处理起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

学习体验主导型教学评价指标体系构建与应用--以广州大学华软软件学院为例

有效的学习体验有助于调动学生的学习积极性。对大学来说,学习体验是学生提升专业能力的有效途径。从发达国家教学评价的发展历程来看,以学生学习体验为主导将纳入教学评价内容。本文对我国教学评价的现状和存在的问题,阐述了学习体验的内涵,构建了以学习体验为主导的教学评价指标体系,以期为我国高校的教学评价提供参考。     

Evaluating bus transit performance of Chinese cities: Developing an overall bus comfort model

In order to improve the level of bus service, a field study was undertaken to develop a combined bus comfort model. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the different ways to predict the bus comfort, in addition to the variable experimental techniques used. It was found some environment parameters like noise, vibration, thermal comfort and the acceleration would affect the passengers’ experience. In this model, both the measurement of objective physical parameters and subjective questionnaire survey were conducted to gather the practical environment date, as well as to distribute questionnaires on board city buses during the same trips. By comparing the subjective views of bus passengers to objective physical parameters, a combined bus comfort model was established. This model helps to calculate the concrete value of passengers’ perceived bus comfort. An effective approach integrated the comfort model, measuring instrument and the driver monitor could greatly improve the bus service quality.     

改进深度确定性策略梯度的决策算法研究

为解决无人驾驶路径规划过程中的决策控制问题,文章针对深度确定性策略梯度算法在未知环境中随着搜索空间的增大,出现训练效率低、收敛不稳定等缺点,提出了基于奖励指导的改进算法。首先在每回合内采用基于奖励的优先级经验回放,减少深度确定性策略梯度算法随机探索的盲目性,提高智能车学习效率。然后在回合间基于奖励筛选优秀轨迹,便于指导智能车对复杂空间的探索,得到稳定的控制策略。最后,在开源智能驾驶仿真环境进行仿真。实验结果表明改进后的深度确定性策略梯度算法性能优于原来的算法,训练效率和收敛稳定性均得到有效提升。     

雾季海事监管探讨

文中介绍了烟台市沿海水域的雾情规律,分析了雾季海事监管重点和关键环节,介绍了建立雾航海事监管长效机制主要做法及存在的问题,最后提出了海事监管建议。