中缅油气管道穿越铁路防护工程设计

以中缅油气管道穿越铁路防护工程为例,分别介绍云南省内管道穿越铁路顶管、框架涵及隧道3种防护形式。由于云南地区地质复杂,结合项目特点,详细对顶管减阻、高水位淤泥质粉质黏土中框架涵顶进及粉细砂地层暗挖隧道防护措施进行了论述;同时对高压油气管道穿越铁路防护工程防火防爆设计进行了介绍。     

舰船在水下爆炸载荷作用下的总强度研究

通过数值方法模拟舰船受水下爆炸冲击波载荷及气泡脉动载荷作用下的整体响应。计算过程中,考虑波浪载荷的作用,给出水下爆炸载荷与波浪载荷联合作用下船体响应计算方法,并与传统舰船船体强度分析方法相结合,分别研究水下爆炸冲击波载荷、气泡脉动载荷以及波浪载荷的相互作用下,船体强度计算方法。研究结果表明,在水下爆炸冲击波阶段可以忽略波浪载荷的影响,而在气泡脉动阶段,必须考虑波浪载荷与气泡载荷的联合作用。本研究旨在为水下爆炸载荷作用下的舰船总强度研究提供参考。     

基于仿真分析的预制拼装综合管廊抗燃爆研究

综合管廊凭借其自身优点正广泛应用于城市建设中,采用Ansys/Ls-dyna基于仿真分析综合管廊发生燃气爆炸具有十分重要的实际意义。以预制拼装综合管廊为研究对象,采用流固耦合的计算方法,建立预制拼装综合管廊、可燃爆气体和空气等三部分的有限元仿真模型。通过分析预制拼装综合管廊内混凝土的应力时程曲线、主要节点位移时程曲线及预应力钢筋的轴向应力时程曲线,分析预制拼装综合管廊在燃气爆炸作用下的抗燃爆性能,提出抗燃爆防护及设计意见。     

盾构隧道垂直下穿加油站的风险分析

文中结合武汉地铁某区间隧道工程分析盾构隧道下穿加油站储油罐的施工阶段风险和运营阶段风险,从盾构掘进参数选定、土层改良、土层损失率控制等方面制定施工阶段风险控制措施。运营阶段风险分析过程中,利用理论公式和数值模拟2种手段分别计算加油站爆炸引起土层的冲击荷载,取两者的较大值计算爆炸工况下结构的轴力和弯矩,得出爆炸工况下轴力和弯矩的最大影响因子为0.88,结构仍处于安全状态的结论。     

深圳西部通道填海及地基处理工程试验研究

西部通道口岸场地原为浅海区和蚝田,场地内遍布7．0～24．0m的淤泥及淤泥质粘土,东侧和南侧海堤所处的位置海水深,淤泥厚度大,软基处理难度很大。对此分别提出了不同的软基处理方法。对外海堤(东侧、南侧)的填筑采用抛填块石,利用爆炸排淤法结合强夯法进行处理;对场坪内软基采用塑料排水板结合堆载预压排水固结方法进行处理;隔堤、海堤与场坪的过渡带采用砂石桩加固,隔堤、海堤堤身采用强夯加固。经实践证明,上述方法是成功的,值得在类似工程中推广。     

爆炸法处理软土地基技术的发展及应用

叙述爆炸法处理软土地基技术的原理和特点及其在我国的发展应用情况,重点介绍该项技术在浙江省海涂围垦工程中的试验、初步应用和完整应用过程及取得的成果。经过20 年来的发展和实践,爆炸法处理软土地基技术已从当初只能处理10 m 左右深度范围内的“落地式”断面结构发展到现今能处理20～30 m 深的“悬浮式”堤坝断面结构等较深厚复杂的软土地基基础,并在浙江省海涂围垦工程中实现了首次完整应用。     

非接触爆炸下舰船电力系统生命力的研究方法

本文着重分析了在非接触爆炸下舰船电力系统主要电气设备的破坏模式，建立了舰船电气设备的冲击响应模型，并给出了非接触爆炸下用舰船电力系统生命力评估的系统破坏概率计算机仿真计算方法。     

Dynamic response of warship structure under air non-contact explosion

The ship hull is simplified as a free beam with varying sections. Based on hydroelasticity and explosion mechanics theory,mechanical model and kinetic equation for hull girder vibration under non-contact explosion are established. The equation is solved by Wilson-θ algorithm. On the basis of the above principles,a structure kinetics analysis program is compiled. The dynamic response of supposed warship under air explosion is calculated conveniently and quickly. Under the explosion condition designed in the paper,the positive pressure period of non-contact explosion wave is much less than the natural periods of the first four modes of hull girder and the resonance of ship girder overall vibration can be avoided. The ratio of midship maximum moment to ultimate bearing strength under non-contact explosion accelerates with the increment of impact factor.     

Dynamic response of a surface ship structure subjected to an underwater explosion bubble

Bubble load in a noncontact underwater explosion can cause the ship hull global response and local response. In current literature, the ship hull is usually simplified as a hull girder to analyze its global response. However, literature dealt with the local response of a 3-D surface ship hull subjected to an underwater bubble were limited. This investigation develops a procedure which couples the finite element method with doubly asymptotic approximation (DAA) method to study the problem of transient responses of a ship hull structure subjected to an underwater explosion bubble. Using a 3-D ship model as examples, the global and local responses of the ship model in vertical, transverse and longitudinal directions are performed in detail. The acceleration, velocity and displacement time histories are presented. The characteristics of both the global and local responses of the ship model are discussed. The numerical results show that besides global whipping response, the ship hull also sustains severe local responses in different directions subjected to underwater explosion bubble jetting, which should be taken into consideration.