基于快递业务的应急系统研究

为了减轻突发事件带来的损失,针对企业的应急问题,设计了一个快递企业的物流应急调度系统.通过对应急反应的研究,提出该应急系统的基本思路,对其管理功能进行分析,设计完善的应急系统,使企业能够通过快速反应来提高运作效率,减少损失并提升客户服务水平.     

无车承运人的优势分析和发展建议

对无车承运人的内涵、优势与发展瓶颈以及无车承运人与货运代理之间的联系与区别进行分析,提出我国发展无车承运人的建议,可供同行借鉴。     

小件快运中的最短运输时间问题

小件快运经过多年的发展,已经成为公路客运一个新的经济增长点,越来越多的公路客运企业和汽车客运站加入到经营小件快运的行列,小件快运也逐渐由单个企业的独立运营发展到多个企业联合的网络化运营。对中转运输中多条运输线路进行分析,得到最短运输时间线路,从而提高运输效率。     

货物运输快捷性、准时性的经济分析

从生产，流通，消费的关系出发，通过对运输与流通之间的经济关系的详细分析，论证了发展快捷货物运输系统的必要性和意义。     

How and why do men and women differ in their willingness to use automated cars? The influence of emotions across different age groups

Current research on willingness to use automated cars indicates differences between men and women, with the latter group showing lower usage intentions. This study aims at providing a first explanation of this effect. Research from other fields suggests that affective reactions might be able to explain behavioral intentions and responses towards technology, and that these affects vary depending on age levels. By examining a sample of 1603 participants representative for Germany (in terms of biological sex, age, and education) we found evidence that affective responses towards automotive cars (i.e., anxiety and pleasure) explain (i.e., mediate) the effect of biological sex on willingness to use them. Moreover, we found that these emotional processes vary as a function of respondent age in such a way that the differential effect of sex on anxiety (but not on pleasure) was more pronounced among relatively young respondents and decreased with participants’ age. Our results suggest that addressing anxiety-related responses towards automated cars (e.g., by providing safety-related information) and accentuating especially the pleasurable effects of automated cars (e.g., via advertising) reduce differences between men and women. Addressing the anxiety-related effects in order to reduce sex differences in usage intentions seems to be less relevant for older target groups, whereas promoting the pleasurable responses is equally important across age groups.     

摆动式转向架技术的创新与发展

介绍了摆动式转向架的基本原理,阐述了摆动式转向架技术在中国的创新与发展,总结了摆动式转向架在中国的推广应用情况。     

An assessment of the performance of the European long intermodal freight trains (LIFTS)

Intermodal rail/road freight transport has always been considered as a competitive alternative to its road freight counterpart in the European medium- to long-distance corridors (markets). Such consideration has been based on the increasing competitiveness of some innovative rail services and the existing and prospective performance of both modes in terms of the full social – internal or operational and external – costs. The most recent innovation of rail technologies and related services launched by some European railway companies, still at the conceptual level, is the Long Intermodal Freight Train (LIFT). This is supposed to be a block train operating in long-distance corridors (markets) with a substantial and regular freight demand.This paper develops analytical models for assessing the performance of the LIFTs, the already-operating Conventional Intermodal Freight Trains (CIFTs), and their road counterpart as well. The performance consists of the full – internal (private) and external – costs of the door-to-door delivery of loading units – containers, swap-bodies, and semi-trailers. The internal costs embrace the operational costs of the transport (rail and road) and intermodal terminal operators. The external costs include the costs of the impacts of door-to-door delivery of loading units on society and the environment. These negative externalities include noise, air pollution, traffic accidents, and congestion.The models are applied to a simplified version of intermodal and road transport system using inputs from the European freight transport sector. The aims are to compare the full costs of particular modalities in order to investigate the potential of the LIFTs as compared with the CIFTs in improving the internal efficiency of the rail freight sector and its competitiveness with respect to its road counterpart. In addition, the paper attempts to assess some effects on the potential modal shift of EU (European Union) transport policies on internalizing transport externalities.     

螺旋匝道和螺旋桥的小客车行驶速度特征

为明确螺旋匝道和螺旋桥处的驾驶行为模式和汽车运行特征，在涪陵长江一桥、乌江二桥、重庆融侨大道和涪陵金凯环形高架4处地点开展螺旋匝道实车试验，用车载仪器采集自然驾驶状态下的汽车连续行驶轨迹、速度以及周围行驶环境等信息。基于自然驾驶数据，研究螺旋匝道范围内的速度变化模式、幅值特性以及影响因素。研究结果表明：单车道螺旋匝道的速度变化模式多样化，双车道螺旋匝道的行驶速度在整体上维持稳定，匝道范围内的连续升坡和降坡并未导致速度出现趋势性衰减和趋势性升高；螺旋匝道并入主线时，驾驶人在合流鼻之前有明显的、共性的减速行为，这与现行设计标准中的设计假定相反；除涪陵长江一桥之外，其余3处都是下行速度低于上行速度；螺旋匝道设计速度越低，实测速度与设计速度之间的偏离越严重，并且速度幅值离散化，因此不建议使用20 km·h^-1的匝道设计速度；螺旋匝道运行速度与匝道半径成正相关。     

大秦线铁路货车抱闸原因及措施

对大秦铁路股份有限公司2004年的行车故障进行了统计,从车辆和机车操纵方面对货车抱闸的原因进行了分析,并提出了相应的防范措施。     

货车组合式制动梁梁体的优化设计

依据货车组合式制动梁在车辆上出现的失效方式,以L-C组合式制动梁为例,提出等寿命原则作为制动梁梁体的最优设计控制律的方案,得出撑杆端头处的过载荷是制动梁失效的主要因素。提出利用前、后段的拉压应变以及降低撑杆刚度来改善制动梁体的受力分布,并提出了通过调整支柱的长度来合理地提高制动梁体在非工作状态时的预应力,借以改善制动梁各部件在工作状态时的交变疲劳应力对梁体各部件的受力状况,进而提高货车组合式制动梁整体的使用寿命。文中给出了整定梁体各部件关键尺寸的计算步骤和设计方法。