船舶运输精矿粉的安全监管

介绍了船舶运输精矿粉发生的一些严重事故,全面分析了船舶运输含水量过大精矿粉所存在的危险性因素,并根据原因分析提出对此类船舶的安全监督管理建议。     

电路板故障诊断系统原理及应用

介绍一种电路板故障诊断系统,它几乎可以对所有集成电路、半导体器件和无源元件的故障进行在线诊断。介绍了该系统的功能、特点、整机结构、电路和软件框图及这一类系统应用的限制和该系统的解决办法。     

城市轨道交通车辆部件故障与均衡修修程周期

简要分析了目前采用的城市轨道交通车辆维修制度及修程的不足,引出均衡修概念。基于概率统计分析,结合车门等车辆零部件的故障间隔时间特点,提出确定均衡修修程周期的方法,指出均衡修策略的技术特征。实施均衡修应以部件为维修单元。分析表明,采用均衡修将减少零部件故障,提升车辆运用可靠性。     

Reliability-based calibration of fatigue design guidelines for ship structures

A simple reliability-based framework is applied to calibrate a new set of fatigue design guidelines. This new guideline considers two different approaches for the assessment of both loads, stresses and local stress raising effects, and partial safety factors must be given for any combination of these approaches. For the calibration, the lognormal reliability format is adopted because the hereby-derived partial safety factors can be combined arbitrarily. This means that with a few basic partial safety factors, the combination of partial safety factors to be applied together with any combination of calculation approaches can be determined easily. In the present paper both the adopted reliability format, the applied modeling of uncertainties and the selected target safety index are explained. Based on this, a new guideline is calibrated and the derived partial safety factors are presented. Finally, the new guideline is applied through a numerical example in order to show the applicability of the calibrated partial safety factors, and satisfactory results are found.     

Mobile phone use while driving: public opinions on restrictions

This paper reviews two road-user surveys on the use of mobile phones on the road in Finland where the mobile phone ownership rate is highest in the world (70% in August 2000). From 1998 to 1999 the proportion of drivers that chose to use a mobile phone while driving rose from 56% to 68%, while the proportion of phone using drivers who experienced dangerous situations due to phone use rose from 44% to 50%. The proportion of drivers who used their phones in some way to benefit safety on the road remained at about 55%. The youngest, novice drivers had the highest level of phone usage of all age categories. Over 48% of the interviewees believed that the government should ban the use of hand-held mobile phones while driving, and another 27% believed that all types of mobile phone use should be banned while driving. Those drivers who used their phones the most each day were more likely to want some form of restrictions, than those who had lower usage. This is a strong message to the elected lawmakers and raises the problem of exactly how regulatory bodies would go about controlling the future growth of new driver support and non-driving related communication devices in road vehicles. It was concluded that legislating for hands-free use only would be a reasonable course of action. Mandating that the current generation of equipment should be optimized for hands-free use should result in future generations of in-vehicle equipment also being optimized for hands-free use as a minimum criterion.     

提速电力机车安全监测系统及判据研究

对目前提速电力机车的运用安全、修程修制等问题作了简明的阐述,提出机车安全监测系统研制的总体方案及故障判别原则。     

浅述施工企业安全工作的科学管理

传统安全管理模式的着眼点是在系统运行阶段,致使事故防不胜防。而科学化安全管理,其着眼点是在对危险进行预先识别、分析和控制上,变“事后处理”为“事先控制”,防患于未然。企业管理者必须要转变观念,以人为本,提高专业素质,采用形式多样的人性化管理手段,才能促进现代施工尤其是隧道施工企业安全工作尽早实现科学管理。     

广州地铁四号线车辆塞拉门系统的特点及常见故障分析

介绍塞拉门系统在广州地铁四号线车辆上的应用及其特点,分析四号线车辆运营初期塞拉门系统存在的一些常见故障,并有针对性地提出相应的解决方案。     

SMS评价指标的确定

通过对SMS要素的层次结构分析,提出了评价SMS的依据,确定评价指标的原则,并确定了SMS的评价指标和评价指标权重。     

石垣港换单简介及操船

由于中、日、韩航线及海峡两岸的航运市场不断发展,为了船舶的安全及经济效益,到我国台湾地区的船舶缩短在石垣港的换单时间及操船,关系到船舶的安全营运,抓好这一环节十分重要。