宽幅双箱叠合梁涡振性能及抑振措施试验研究

叠合梁断面通常为气动外形较钝的半开放截面，为漩涡的产生和发展提供了条件，容易发生涡激振动现象。过大振幅的涡激振动会影响行车舒适性，严重时将引起结构疲劳破坏，危及桥梁结构安全。如何有效解决涡激振动问题成为叠合梁桥抗风设计的关键。为了抑制该类主梁断面的涡激振动，以宜宾盐坪坝长江大桥为背景，通过1：60的节段模型风洞试验，研究了风嘴、中央稳定板、封闭栏杆、裙板、内侧隔流板、箱梁下导流板等常见措施对双箱叠合梁断面涡激振动性能的影响。研究结果表明：封闭斜拉索防护栏杆、内侧隔流板、梁底稳定板等措施均可不同程度地降低主梁的涡振振幅，但仍无法满足桥梁的抗风设计要求；竖直裙板可以使-3°和0°攻角下主梁的涡激振动消失，但对3°攻角的减振效果有限；在叠合梁中应用广泛的传统整体式风嘴无法降低宽幅双箱叠合梁的涡振振幅；采用安装在箱梁侧下方的三角形风嘴可以减弱箱梁边缘的流动分离，优化梁体的气动外形，从而使断面在各个风攻角下的涡振振幅大幅降低。将三角形风嘴与封闭斜拉索防护栏杆的方案组合后，可进一步降低主梁的涡振振幅，满足抗风设计的要求。所提出的叠合梁涡振抑振措施具有较好的工程适用性，可为同类桥梁的抗风设计提供借鉴。     

路堤上运行的高速列车在侧风下的流场结构及气动性能

强侧风产生的气动力时高速列车的运行安全性有显著的影响。基于三维、定常、不可压N-S方程以及k-ε双方程湍流模型,采用有限体积法,对侧风作用下路堤上运行的高速列车进行数值模拟计算,所模拟的列车时速达350 km。通过分析侧风条件下列车周围的流场结构,得到了风速、车速与气动力之间的变化关系。研究结果表明,尽管所计算的列车外表几何形状简单,但其流场仍然非常复杂,列车背风侧将产生数个漩涡,漩涡的位置随车速、风速发生变化。车辆气动力随风速、车速的增加而逐渐增大。头车所受倾覆力矩最大,且其增长率也最大。     

龙门式双主梁架桥机施工抗风性能研究

为明确强风环境下架桥机的抗风性能,以龙门式双主梁架桥机为对象,利用ANSYS软件建模,采用有限元方法计算分析了不同风速下架桥机的整体稳定性,重点考察了架桥机在不同工作状态时结构由水平和竖向风荷载引起的反力,进而分析了架桥机整体的抗滑移性能和抗倾覆性能。结果表明:为确保架桥机在大风区的施工安全性,应该采取必要的防风措施,提出了在墩顶预埋钢筋与架桥机前支腿临时锚固、起重小车起吊适当重量等实用措施。     

大跨度箱拱单基肋吊装合龙强度和稳定分析

以主跨130m的海螺沟大桥为对象，应用有限元软件对设置侧向缆风索的箱拱单基肋吊装合龙强度和稳定性进行计算分析，为大跨径箱拱单基肋吊装合龙技术的应用进行理论探索和实践。     

日本列车横风和强风对策研究

随着我国列车提速和高速客运专线的发展,列车的空气动力学问题变得越来越突出和重要.对该问题进行研究时,借鉴铁路发达国家的研究成果是有意义的.日本的铁路发展较早,现代化程度较高,同时因地域关系,台风和龙卷风发生频繁,由此引发的列车事故严重,相关的研究也深入.本文分别介绍了日本列车横风灾害和横风导致列车倾覆机理及计算模型的研究、列车空气动力学专用大型风洞研究、不同外形列车与铁路构造物(桥梁、路堤等)组合的风洞试验研究成果和足尺模型在自然风环境下的测试结果、列车倾覆临界风速研究和保障列车安全运行的管制制度和设置防风栅研究等,为我国高速列车的空气动力学研究提供参考.     

单周期控制在风力发电并网逆变器中的应用

首先对风力发电系统背靠背变流器中的逆变器模型及其单周期控制（OCC）进行原理推导，然后在Matlab7．1／Simulink仿真环境下对单周期控制的并网逆变器（GCI）进行了仿真，最后在实验室搭建的风力发电实验平台上对其进行了验证，结果证明单周期控制并网逆变器能够工作在单位功率因数下，并可减少对电网的谐波污染。     

Wave and sea level monitoring and prediction in the service module of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS)

The need for a Global Ocean Observing System Global (GOOS) is now widely appreciated. Parts of GOOS are currently being implemented already. In this paper, written on the request of the joint Scientific and Technical Committee of GOOS, we present some of the scientific issues that need to be addressed for the further development of the Ocean and Marine Meteorology Service module of GOOS. This module is concerned with monitoring and prediction of sea level (both tsunamis and storm surges) and wind driven waves (wind–sea and swell), among other things. For each of these we discuss the current state-of-the-art, indicate what observations are needed and make suggestions for future modelling development.     

船舶受非均匀风力的计算方法

在船舶航海性能及航泊机动的定量分析中,通常以均匀风取代实际的非均匀风,从而影响了定量分析的精度及分析的可靠性。现提出一种新的计算作用在船舶非均匀风力的方法。仿真表明,该方法是可行的。     

风电机组的防雷保护

随着风电机组单机容量的不断增大，遭受雷击的问题越来越严重。结合风电机组防雷的研究成果，对雷电的形成，破坏机理，破坏形式以及防雷措施进行了全面的阐述。     

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Value of Marine Spatial Planning Towards Advancing Offshore Wind in the U.S.

The United States contributes only 0.2% of the 18,814?MW of global installed offshore wind capacity. Lack of development has been attributed in part to a cumbersome regulatory process that includes the evaluation of environmental impacts. Assessments are based on biological, social, and technical data that are often incomplete. Marine spatial planning (MSP) may help fill data gaps. We conducted semi-structured interviews with key informants to understand (1) whether a lack of biological data impedes offshore wind environmental assessments, (2) whether MSP could mitigate these impediments, and (3) whether MSP could advance offshore wind development in the U.S. in other ways. Most informants stated that a lack of biological data in offshore wind environmental assessments was problematic due to incomplete data, uncertainty of data, and mismatched scales. Data issues may be mitigated by creation of data products and increased communication, outcomes of MSP that may benefit the regulatory process by increasing data availability, resolving conflicts among users, and providing a common operating picture. Challenges remain in integrating MSP into the processes of siting and permitting offshore wind, but it provides a strategic framework for the systematic identification, collection, collation, analyses, application, and management of data in the offshore wind environmental regulatory process.