呼和浩特市客运出租汽车发展预测研究

针对呼和浩特市客运出租汽车行业的发展及其现状,分析了造成影响呼和浩特市客运出租汽车发展的相关因素,通过SPSS软件计算分析,找到相关性较高的五个因素并采用逐步回归分析法,建立了确定呼和浩特市客运出租汽车发展预测模型。该模型可以对呼和浩特市市区规划年份所需的客运出租汽车发展进行预测,通过该地区客运出租汽车历史实际数据和模型计算结果比较,表明该预测模型较为理想。     

论我国西部开发中经济增长点选择的基本原则

西部开发是全国发展的一个大战略,大思路。作为新世纪的宏伟战略,其重要性既体现在经济上,又体现在政治上。要充分发挥西部开发战略的作用,促进广大西部地区的发展,实现区域经济发展的协调和平衡,选择正确的经济增长点就显得尤为重要。要选择正确的经济增长点,除了要充分了解西部地区目前面临的发展环境和背景之外,还要有正确的思路,坚持正确的原则。西部开发中经济增长点选择应该坚持整体性原则、利益协调原则、发展原则、市场取向原则、后发优势原则及可持续发展原则。     

农村基础设施投资对农村经济增长作用的实证分析

农村基础设施投资是促进我国农村经济增长的重要推动力量,因此在农村经济建设方面,农村基础设施的建设有着举足轻重的地位。长期以来,我国农村基础设施建设相对来说比较落后,完善我国农村基础设施建设成为当前改善农村经济方面的一项重要举措。本文从农村基础设施建设对我国农村经济的影响入手,通过对农村基础设施建设各要素投入与经济产出的回归分析,得出农村基础设施投资对农村经济的增长具有很大影响,并提出相应对策与建议。     

基于层次分析法的中国邮轮母港综合评价

在国际邮轮市场东移的背景下,我国沿海城市纷纷打造邮轮母港抢占邮轮经济的“蛋糕”,只依靠港口建设和政策扶持是很难达到邮轮母港的要求。我国目前的所谓邮轮母港已经远远超过邮轮公司的航线需求,地区间竞争大于合作。基于增长极理论下应当优先发展重点潜力地区,通过层次分析法的运用,量化比较各城市的邮轮母港竞争力,最后形成我国邮轮母港建设框架,避免同质化竞争。     

二氧化碳减排与经济增长--基于中国数据的实证分析

采用我国1978-2010年时间序列数据,运用基于向量自回归模型的JJ协整检验和向量误差修正模型方法,对二氧化碳排放量与经济增长关系进行了实证分析.结果表明,我国经济增长与二氧化碳排放量之间在长期呈显著的正相关关系,经济增长是引起我国二氧化碳排放量增长的原因.由此可以推断,随着经济发展水平的不断提高,我国将会面临越来越严重的减排压力.因此,采取必要措施来减少二氧化碳排放量意义重大.     

后发地区交通基础设施建设与经济增长

发展经济学传统理论认为落后的交通运输会严重制约区域经济的发展,因此,后发地区政府都在不遗余力地促进交通基础设施建设。以重庆市1985～2011年的经济数据为研究对象,运用协整理论,进行格兰杰检验,并进行脉冲仿真分析,诠释后发地区经济和交通的互动模式以及效果。研究表明,只有交通成为区域经济发展的真正制约和瓶颈时,额外的交通投资或者交通基础设施建设才能带来额外的经济增长;进一步可以得出,后发地区政府推行的交通导向发展战略有可能是无效的。     

人力资本对经济增长影响的动态分析

随着高新技术经济和知识经济的发展,人力资本对经济发展的作用越来越重要。以内生经济增长理论为基础,通过建立VAR模型,运用脉冲响应函数和方差分解技术,对江西人力资本对经济增长的影响进行了动态分析。分析结果表明:江西人力资本对经济增长的影响具有一定滞后性和阶段性,并且人力资本的贡献与其投入是不对称的。     

Limits to resources, economic growth and happiness

Terrible scenario for the future aspect of our society was issued by “The Limits to Growth”. Basic problems that we confront are the restricted natural resources and the environment. Regarding the resources, the overall average of the reserve/production ratio is predicted to fall below 10 years by 2040. Aggressive developments of mines based on the sense of urgency for metal resources cause strong confliction with the environment and the people living there. Resultantly, urban mine becomes more realistic than before. From the view point of ecological foot print, 5.3 globes are needed if all the people living in the world attain the affluent life same as USA. On the other hand, it is clear that we can get larger utility by smaller goods if our scale of satisfaction is reduced. We have to notice that happiness is our ultimate purpose, economy and industry are intermediate, and natural resources support the all from the basis.     

PPAR-γ激活对血管平滑肌细胞外基质释放及结缔组织生长因子表达的影响

目的观察PPAR-γ激活对血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导的体外培养条件下大鼠血管平滑肌(VSMCs)的细胞外基质(ECM)释放及结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)表达的影响。方法原代培养大鼠VSMCs,用不同浓度PPAR-γ激动剂rosiglitzone和/或抑制剂GW9662、BADGE预处理后,加入0.1μmol/L血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)刺激24h。比色法检测各组细胞培养液中羟脯氨酸含量,实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测各组三型胶原(ColⅢ)、层粘连蛋白(FN)及CTGFmRNA表达,Western blotting检测各组CTGF、PPAR-γ蛋白表达情况,基于ELISA的DNA-binding检测各组PPAR-γ活性。结果 AngⅡ可增加VSMCs PPAR-γ表达,但明显抑制其活性(P<0.05,vs.Control),PPAR-γ激动剂rosiglitazone可显著增加PPAR-γ蛋白表达及活化(P<0.05,vs.AngⅡ)。rosiglitazone可降低细胞培养液中羟脯氨酸含量,下调VSMCs中ColⅢ、FN、CTGF mRNA表达,抑制CTGF蛋白表达,而其他PPAR-γ激动剂(pioglitazone、15-d-PGJ2)均有相似作用,PPAR-γ拮抗剂GW9662及BADGE可拮抗这一作用。结论在VSMCs中,PPAR-γ激活可抑制AngⅡ诱导的CTGF表达,同时抑制ECM沉积。提示PPAR-γ可能在血管纤维化中起重要作用。     

Do changes in neighborhood characteristics lead to changes in travel behavior? A structural equations modeling approach

Suburban sprawl has been widely criticized for its contribution to auto dependence. Numerous studies have found that residents in suburban neighborhoods drive more and walk less than their counterparts in traditional environments. However, most studies confirm only an association between the built environment and travel behavior, and have yet to establish the predominant underlying causal link: whether neighborhood design independently influences travel behavior or whether preferences for travel options affect residential choice. That is, residential self-selection may be at work. A few studies have recently addressed the influence of self-selection. However, our understanding of the causality issue is still immature. To address this issue, this study took into account individuals’ self-selection by employing a quasi-longitudinal design and by controlling for residential preferences and travel attitudes. In particular, using data collected from 547 movers currently living in four traditional neighborhoods and four suburban neighborhoods in Northern California, we developed a structural equations model to investigate the relationships among changes in the built environment, changes in auto ownership, and changes in travel behavior. The results provide some encouragement that land-use policies designed to put residents closer to destinations and provide them with alternative transportation options will actually lead to less driving and more walking.