The impact of structural flexibilities of wheelsets and rails on the hunting behaviour of a railway vehicle

The hunting motion of a passenger coach is investigated using a multibody system in which the wheelsets and the rails can be modelled as flexible bodies. By comparing the results for different model variants, in which the structural flexibilities of the wheelsets and of the rails are either taken into account or neglected, the impact of the flexibilities is analysed. It turns out that the flexibilities of both the wheelsets and the rails have a significant impact on the hunting behaviour by increasing the lateral motions of the wheelsets and lowering the critical speed. In order to investigate the impact of the flexibilities under different operating conditions, the calculations are carried out for track geometries using different rail profiles (60E1, 60E2) and different rail cants (1:40, 1:20) and for different values for the friction coefficient (0.25…0.4) at the wheel–rail contact. The results show that the influence of the flexibilities is the strongest for high lateral forces, which occur e.g. for contact geometries leading to high hunting frequencies and for high values of the friction coefficient. The results also show in some cases a strong impact of the flexibilities on the position of the wheel–rail contact on the running surface of the rail, which is of particular interest with respect to wear simulation.     

路堑边坡预应力锚索工后状态的检测及分析

通过京港澳高速公路（粤境南段）的11处边坡中选取了72根锚索进行预应力检测，介绍了锚索预应力的检测方法，并对锚索预应力的检测结果进行了分析评价，肯定了该检测方法的可靠性，同时为评价坡体的治理效果提供了依据。     

长寿柔性基层沥青路面的极限应变

长寿柔性路面设计通常采用沥青层底极限拉应变和土基顶部极限压应变作为控制指标。现阶段极限应变指标参照室内试验结果确定，且数值相对固定。而现场路面结构层应变响应值受结构厚度、荷载、环境作用（温度及老化）等因素的影响，在服役过程中不断演化。以2条服役超过35年的柔性路面结构（屯门公路与吐露港公路）为基础，分析了不同服役阶段路面结构层在不同荷载、环境作用下的极限应变响应，探讨了柔性路面极限应变的大概范围。研究结果表明：在初始服役状态下，屯门公路高温状态下沥青层底的极限拉应变为376×10^-6，土基顶部极限压应变为562×10^-6；低温状态下上述极限应变分别降为87×10^-6，249×10^-6；吐露港公路高温状态下沥青层底、土基顶部极限应变分别为149×10^-6，324×10^-6，低温状态下上述应变分别降为50×10^-6，156×10^-6。在经过长期服役后，老化状态下2类路面沥青层底拉应变及土基顶部压应变均大幅降低。屯门公路在使用36年后，某些路段出现零星的疲劳破坏，而吐露港公路则没有发现疲劳破坏。极限应变计算结果表明，路面关键位置的应变受荷载、沥青层厚度、温度和沥青层老化状态等多因素的影响。因此，在进行长寿柔性基层路面设计中，荷载、沥青层厚度、温度及沥青层老化状态等因素都应该考虑在内。     

Influence of polygonal wear of railway wheels on the wheel set axle stress

The coupled vehicle/track dynamic model with the flexible wheel set was developed to investigate the effects of polygonal wear on the dynamic stresses of the wheel set axle. In the model, the railway vehicle was modelled by the rigid multibody dynamics. The wheel set was established by the finite element method to analyse the high-frequency oscillation and dynamic stress of wheel set axle induced by the polygonal wear based on the modal stress recovery method. The slab track model was taken into account in which the rail was described by the Timoshenko beam and the three-dimensional solid finite element was employed to establish the concrete slab. Furthermore, the modal superposition method was adopted to calculate the dynamic response of the track. The wheel/rail normal forces and the tangent forces were, respectively, determined by the Hertz nonlinear contact theory and the Shen–Hedrick–Elkins model. Using the coupled vehicle/track dynamic model, the dynamic stresses of wheel set axle with consideration of the ideal polygonal wear and measured polygonal wear were investigated. The results show that the amplitude of wheel/rail normal forces and the dynamic stress of wheel set axle increase as the vehicle speeds rise. Moreover, the impact loads induced by the polygonal wear could excite the resonance of wheel set axle. In the resonance region, the amplitude of the dynamic stress for the wheel set axle would increase considerably comparing with the normal conditions.     

斜拉桥断索分析中破断拉索位置的参数分析

采用ANSYS软件建立某双塔斜拉桥的有限元模型,计算全桥不同位置斜拉索的突然破断对剩余结构造成的动力响应,通过对比,获取造成最大动力响应的斜拉索位置。同时,对破断拉索位置进行参数分析,找出断索分析中的关键拉索,所得结论期望用于工程设计中的断索工况校核。     

支井河特大桥扣锚体系岩锚的设计与施工

结合支井河特大桥扣锚索系统岩锚的设计与施工，详细介绍了预应力岩锚的结构计算、施工工艺及质量控制，并阐述了地质缺陷的处理方法。     

温福铁路路堑高边坡预应力锚索锚固工程施工工艺

结合工程实例，介绍了在路堑高边坡防护工程中预应力锚索锚固的施工工艺，并通过对锚索的试验与监测，为高边坡锚固工程的动态设计提供有关参数，可供同类工程借鉴。     

基于视频亚像素模板匹配算法的索力试验

针对索结构的索力测试，基于室内试验对比了计算机视觉方法和传统加速度传感器方法，探讨了计算机视觉方法的适用性。研究采用伺服静载锚固试验机张拉单根斜拉索钢绞线，简化模拟索张拉受力状态，通过相机摄影的非接触测量方法测量拉索动态响应，结合亚像素模板匹配算法识别拉索动态变形、基频和索力，并与传统的加速度传感器测试结果进行对比。研究结果表明，计算机视觉方法识别的拉索振动频谱峰值明显，基频识别结果与加速度传感器测试结果基本一致，索力识别结果与实测值相比最大误差不超过6%，具备开展实际结构索力测试的能力。     

大跨度箱拱单基肋吊装合龙强度和稳定分析

以主跨130m的海螺沟大桥为对象，应用有限元软件对设置侧向缆风索的箱拱单基肋吊装合龙强度和稳定性进行计算分析，为大跨径箱拱单基肋吊装合龙技术的应用进行理论探索和实践。