Simplified analysis for estimation of the behavior of a submerged floating tunnel in waves and experimental verification

To achieve rational design in waves for a submerged floating tunnel which has emerged as a new offshore transportation infrastructure, it's necessary to understand its hydrodynamic behavior. For simple but accurate estimation of hydrodynamic forces, a theoretical method is proposed and the tests with physical models in a wave flume were carried out for verification. Morison's equation was used to estimate wave loads composed of inertia force and drag force. Forces calculated by applying the linear wave theory to Morison's equation coincided well with those measured by the tests. The test results showed that mooring systems played a significant role in the movement of the submerged floating tunnel in waves. A pendulum model could be used to describe the motion of the submerged floating tunnel with a single vertical mooring. Based on the verified relations, a simple slack condition which causes the submerged floating tunnel to be unstable was also proposed. The simplified approach proposed by this study proved to be useful in designing the submerged floating tunnel in the initial stage.     

日本与韩国的港口使费研究

介绍了日韩港口使费的分类、管理、制定原则及监督检查情况，针对我国港口的具体情况，对制定合理的港口使费提出了几点建议。     

Exploiting floating car data for time-dependent Origin–Destination matrices estimation

The study evaluates the added value generated by estimating dynamic demand matrices by information gathered from Floating Car Data (FCD).

Firstly, adopting a large dataset of FCD collected in Rome, Italy, during May 2010, all the monitored trips on a specific district of the city (Eur district) have been collected and analysed in terms of (i) spatial and temporal distribution; (ii) actual route choices and travel times. The data analysis showed that demand data from FCD are usually not suitable to retrieve directly demand matrices, due to a strong dependence of this information from the penetration rate of the monitoring device. Instead, origin–destination travel times and route choice probabilities from FCD are a much more reliable and powerful information with respect to FCD origin–destination flows, since they represent the traffic conditions and behaviors that vehicles experiment along the path.

Thus, several synthetic experiments have been conducted adopting both travel times and route choice probabilities as additional information, with respect to standard link measurements, in the dynamic demand estimation problem. Results demonstrated the strength and robustness associated to these network based data, while link measurements alone are not able to define the real traffic pattern. Adopting both the information of origin–destination travel times and route choice probabilities during the demand estimation process, the spatial and temporal reliability of the estimated demand matrices consistently increases.     

外海沉管浮运安装作业窗口管理及工艺计划研究

沉管出坞浮运安装是港珠澳大桥岛隧工程中的关键性工程,也是一个连续的、不间断的施工过程。为了降低施工风险,结合船机设备能力,提出作业窗口管理系统,针对每步施工工序提出针对性的作业限制条件,以此寻找最佳的作业时期。潮汐条件是作业窗口因素中的关键因素,根据潮汐预报数编制24~36 h连续的浮运安装工艺计划,选择在最优的水文气象条件下,按照作业窗口管理系统严格按照计划进行作业。经过33节沉管浮运安装的现场验证,浮运安装作业窗口管理系统满足项目要求,有效保障了浮运安装安全,有效降低了施工风险和成本。     

盾构隧道穿越液化地基上浮振动台试验分析

随着城市地铁线路不断增加,可能出现盾构隧道穿越液化地层的现象。一旦发生地震,盾构隧道存在上浮破坏的潜在风险。为深入研究盾构隧道周边液化地层的动力响应,针对相同密实度砂土在3种不同峰值加速度作用下开展室内振动台试验,分析土体中超静孔压的发展特性和隧道上浮规律。结果表明： 1）砂土液化最先发生在地表及浅层土体处,随着深度增加砂土液化程度逐渐降低,即增加隧道埋深有利于降低隧道液化程度。2）模型试验揭示盾构隧道的上浮机制,即使液化地基未完全液化,当超静孔隙水压力引起的上浮力大于隧道残余上覆有效土压力与隧道重力之和时,隧道将出现上浮。设计时可从消除液化地基和增加隧道重力2个方面入手,提高盾构隧道的抗上浮能力,确保隧道结构在地震时的安全。     

12000吨自航全回转起重船强度分析和评估

以某12000吨起重船为研究对象,针对典型工况建立了三舱段与起重基座有限元模型,对其总纵强度和起重基座局部强度进行强度分析,得到了应力评估结果。在此基础上,分析了起重机圆筒式基座的受力特点,提出了关于结构设计的若干合理建议。相关结论对同类型船舶的结构优化设计具有参考意义。     

低温软管在海上LNG输送领域的应用研究

在液化天然握(LNG)的装卸过程中,传统的刚性装卸臂虽可完成LNG的输送,但其技术条件和操作上的缺点无法满足LNG输送的多种操作条件。随着低温软管技术的不断更新,使船舶间LNG的输送领域不再是单一的旁靠式刚性装卸臂。通过对悬浮式低温软管和漂浮式低温软管技术条件的详细介绍,采用低温软管输送LNG,能完全满足安全技术要求且可适应多种操作条件,更重要的是软性连接延长了LNG的装卸载距离,两种软管技术优势互补,使LNG输送领域由近海走向深海。低温软管在海上LNG输送领域的应用前景良好。     

浮动舱室设计对船舶机舱舱室振声性能的影响

以某航海教学实习船机舱为原型,建立机舱三舱段有限元模型,确定振动预报模型边界条件,选择发电柴油机组悬着位置作为力激励点,采用有限元/边界元法预测了机舱集控室和机修间声功率级,对比分析该两舷侧对称舱室场点声压级云图。计算各壁板对值班轮机员右耳位置声压的贡献度,验证以浮动地板为基础的浮动舱室设计可以有效降低舱室噪声。将此振动-声辐射耦合系统简化为箱形多腔结构,建立多腔结构及其单元腔室有限元模型,进行船舶机舱模型振动-声辐射实验,仿真结果与实验测量结果吻合较好,验证仿真方法的有效性。总结出船舶机舱舱段模型振声数值预报通用方法及流程,对指导船舶减振降噪有借鉴价值。     

天津市交通指数及其在双限政策评估中的应用

利用出租汽车浮动车大数据研究科学合理且直观易懂的交通指数并动态跟踪城市道路交通运行规律,不仅是中国大城市关注的焦点,更是在天津市机动车限购、限行政策下非常重要的城市交通基础性研究。通过出租汽车车速精度分析、期望车速选取、指数标准化等关键技术研究,提出天津市可应用于宏观交通政策评估和交通规划研究的交通指数。同时,应用交通指数分析双限政策实施前后两年城市交通的运行特征,分别从年、月、日、小时及区域五个方面评估双限政策的实施效果。结果表明,天津市适度超前的机动车限制政策对缓解交通拥堵的效果显著并得到广泛支持。     

基于地图匹配的城市道路实时交通状态模糊综合判别方法

依托于浮动车数据,基于地图匹配对城市道路交通状态模糊综合判别方法进行深入研究.首先根据浮动车数据特点和道路交通信息,基于Mapbasic编程对数据进行地图匹配,并进行MapInfo二次开发,通过相关模型计算指定时段内的道路交通参数.建立模糊综合评价判别模型,对判别结果量化处理,以最大隶属度原则确定道路交通状态.最后,选...