An investigation into the mechanism of the polygonal wear of metro train wheels and its effect on the dynamic behaviour of a wheel/rail system

This paper presents a detailed investigation conducted into the mechanism of the polygonal wear of metro train wheels through extensive experiments conducted at the sites. The purpose of the experimental investigation is to determine from where the resonant frequency that causes the polygonal wear of the metro train wheels originates. The experiments include the model tests of a vehicle and its parts and the tracks, the dynamic behaviour test of the vehicle in operation and the observation test of the polygonal wear development of the wheels. The tracks tested include the viaducts and the tunnel tracks. The structure model tests show that the average passing frequency of a polygonal wheel is approximately close to the first bending resonant frequency of the wheelset that is found by the wheelset model test and verified by the finite element analysis of the wheelset. Also, the dynamic behaviour test of the vehicle in operation indicates the main frequencies of the vertical acceleration vibration of the axle boxes, which are dominant in the vertical acceleration vibration of the axle boxes and close to the passing frequency of a polygonal wheel, which shows that the first bending resonant frequency of the wheelset is very exciting in the wheelset operation. The observation test of the polygonal wear development of the wheels indicates an increase in the rate of the polygonal wear of the wheels after their re-profiling. This paper also describes the dynamic models used for the metro vehicle coupled with the ballasted track and the slab track to analyse the effect of the polygonal wear of the wheels on the wheel/rail normal forces.     

地铁隧道半断面水平冻结施工的水热力耦合特性研究

地层冻结是一个水、热、力三场耦合问题,基于考虑相变的水热力耦合理论,分析地层温度场、水分场随时间的变化规律,对比冻结前后隧道开挖的位移场分布特点。研究表明:随着冻结时间的增加,冻结管周边土体的温度将逐渐降低并发生冻结,出现冻结区域扩大、交圈、冻结帷幕增厚等变化过程;冻结帷幕内的冻土存在未冻结水,随着冻结时间的增加,大多数位置的未冻结水体积含量出现先增大后减小的变化趋势;建议在冻结帷幕两侧下方追加冻结管以保证实际的冻结帷幕达到设计范围,并对冻结管距开挖轮廓线的距离进行差异化设定。     

Research on numerical welding experiment of a thick spherical shell structure

In this paper, in order to predict the residual deformation of thick spherical structure, a welding program is compiled in APDL language based on Ansys and a numerical welding experiment of a welding example is carried out. The temperature field of welding was simulated firstly, then a thermal-structure coupling analysis was carried out, and at last the residual stress and deformation after welding were got. After that, the numerical experiment result was compared with physical experiment one. The comparative analysis shows that the numerical simulation fits well with physical experiment. On the basis of that, a three-dimensional numerical experiment of a thick spherical shell structure was carried out to get the changing rule of stress and deformation of a thick spherical shell structure during welding. The research is of great value to the prediction of residual deformation and high precision machining.     

轨道不平顺激励下车辆-桥梁垂向随机振动方差解法

提出时滞多维非白噪声轨道不平顺激励下车辆-桥梁垂向随机振动的时域分析方法。采用白噪声滤波法模拟单轮对下的不平顺,在宽频带内识别滤波器参数以实现波长选择功能。基于Pade近似构造累次时滞滤波器以反映各轮对下不平顺之间的时滞关系。结合成型和时滞滤波器,构造以一致白噪声为输入、时滞多维非白噪声不平顺为输出的合成滤波器。建立车辆-桥梁垂向振动模型,并与合成滤波器联立得到一致白噪声激励下的车-桥-滤波器扩阶状态方程。继而提出求解此扩阶时变系统随机振动方差响应的递推算法。算例结果与MonteCarlo模拟法符合良好,表明该方法具有足够的精度,且对时间步长不敏感。     

热仿真分析在前舱熔断丝盒上的应用及验证

通过模拟某轻客车的前舱熔断丝盒上加载实际负载时的温升分布,建立有限元分析的零部件模型,重点对继电器的热分析模块进行优化。基于有限体积法的FLOEFD热仿真分析软件对整个熔断丝盒的温升分布进行仿真,并和实物试验结果进行对比分析,验证仿真分析模型的可靠性,对后续产品热设计的优化具有指导作用。     

基于非线性渗流模型的管道型岩溶隧道突水机理研究北大核心CSCD

管道型岩溶突水是一个复杂的多场耦合的非线性渗流问题,致灾具有突发性。为揭示管道型岩溶突水灾害的发生机理,文章基于多物理场耦合作用机理,开展了不同溶腔水压、岩溶管道内不同填充介质、不同岩溶管道宽度及岩溶管道长度条件下的多场耦合分析。得到以下结论:(1)管道型岩溶破坏模式下发生的突水灾害,根据填充介质透水性能的异同而表现不同;(2)流体从富水溶腔中流出时流速较小,流经岩溶管道后流速逐渐增加,进入隧道后达到最大值;(3)影响突水过程的因素主要有:富水溶腔水压、岩溶管道或断层裂隙带内填充介质的种类、岩溶管道的宽度、隧道与水源的距离,其中,岩溶管道宽度及岩溶管道内填充介质类型对突水影响大于其他因素。     

光纤非线性偏振耦合引起偏振态抖动的研究

研究了光纤非线性偏振耦合引起的偏振态抖动的现象，从理论上导出了基于NRZ码的偏振复用系统中偏振度降低与两路调制信号的时域波形及他们的初始相位差之间的关系．对于100Gb／s的偏振复用系统进行了理论仿真，结果表明：只有当二路调制信号的光功率相等且初相位差为零或者π/2时，所引起的偏振态抖动最小．     

机械差速器耦合轮对轨道车辆导向性能分析

目前对称样式的差速器广泛应用于旋转车轮轨道车辆中,左右车轮差速控制的装置,成为时下研究的一个热点问题。研究学者在动力学的基础上对机械差速耦合轮对运行车辆的影响建立了模型进行分析,其中包含刚性的车轮和独立旋转的车轮,通过模型分析对比研究了机械差速耦合轮对车辆直线和曲线行驶导向性能的研究。研究发现,机械差速耦合装置独立旋转的车轮在车轮在复位对中有着积极的影响,对独立车轮导向能力差有了很好的解决办法。和刚性车轮进行比较,机械差速在通过性能上有着更好的安全性和导向性能。在城市轨道交通领域有着很好的应用。文章通过讨论车轮导向的原理,研究了机械差速耦合装置对轨道交通车辆导向性能的影响。     

瓦斯爆炸隧道内冲击波特征及衬砌损伤机制数值研究

为探究隧道瓦斯爆炸致灾机制,以成都洛带古镇隧道瓦斯爆炸为工程背景,基于等效爆能理论对隧道内积聚瓦斯进行量化研究,采用LS-DYNA中ALE技术建立与隧道几何结构一致的流固耦合数值模型,以RHT模型模拟衬砌并修正关键参数,研究隧道内冲击波特征并与经验解析式计算结果对比,同时将衬砌损伤特征的数值模拟结果与现场调研情况进行对比。结果表明： 1)流固耦合模型可以再现隧道内的爆炸过程; 2)受衬砌约束,爆炸冲击波在隧道内发生反复、无规则反射,致使其强度剧增、衰减缓慢且流场复杂,曲边墙脚处的反射效应最强; 3)爆心距5 m范围内的衬砌在冲击波剧烈冲压作用下完全破坏,5~10 m的衬砌在较高压、拉应力共同作用下严重受损,10 m外的衬砌主要在较高拉应力下形成损伤裂缝。经对比,衬砌损伤的数值模拟结果与现场情况基本一致。     

新型波浪潮流耦合发电轮机的研究

为解决海上偏远而分散的小功率用电设施的供电问题,探究潮流能与波浪能耦合发电的可行性,满足耦合发电轮机在耐久性、初级高效获能以及低成本和安全性等方面的要求,设计了一种新型波浪潮流耦合发电轮机。该发电轮机的主体结构由复合式导流罩、叶片轮机、固定式尾舵、发电机和浮子五部分组成,本文详细阐述了该发电轮机的机械设计过程及其结构优化设计思路,并针对叶片轮机进行了水槽性能试验分析。分析结果验证了该装置设计的合理性与科学性。