不同出行距离的客货运量分布研究

根据客货出行的随机性以及组成理论中的最复杂原理,可推导出客货出行距离的概率分布,得出客货出行的规律,从而为交通规划以及运输规划提供依据,同时也为客货出行特性的研究提供新的思路。     

基于组合方法的公路货运站合理规模

针对公路货运站合理规模范围的确定,提出运用会计法、工程法和适者生存法3种方法综合测算公路货运站合理规模的思路并进行实际测算.在分析会计法、工程法和适者生存法用于公路货运站合理规模测算的原理基础上,选择年货物处理能力和占地面积2项指标分别运用3种方法对收集到的180个典型公路货运站成本及其他相关数据进行规模测算.通过对3种方法分别测算得到的结果取均值得到的最终结果表明:公路货运站合理规模范围为年货物处理能力106～6×106 t,占地面积6.7～40 hm2.     

Dynamic performances of an innovative coupler used in heavy haul trains

An innovative structure for a heavy haul coupler with an arc surface contact and restoring bumpstop is proposed. This coupler has a small lateral force at a small yaw angle and a limitable yaw angle to ensure an allowable coupler lateral force under intense compressive force. The main structural characteristic of the combined contact coupler is a lateral movable follower with an appropriate friction coefficient of 0.06–0.08 and a slide block with a single freedom of longitudinal movement. In order to verify and simulate the performances, a multi-body dynamics model with four heavy haul locomotives and three detailed couplers was established to simulate the process of emergency braking. In addition, the coupler yaw instability and wheel set lateral forces were tested in order to investigate the effect of relevant parameters on the coupler performances. The combined contact coupler is suitable for heavy haul train for a good dynamic performance.     

Freight Demand Management and the Potential of Receiver-Led Consolidation programs

The paper defines the field of Freight Demand Management (FDM), and positions it as an important component of transportation policy and management. To establish the rationale for FDM, the paper studies the effects of the agent interactions at the core of supply chains, and identifies the important role played by the receivers of supplies in determining when and how deliveries are made. The paper classifies the various modalities of FDM, and summarizes the real-life experiences of their implementation. To illustrate the potential of FDM, the paper analyzes Receiver-Led Consolidation (RLC) programs. The paper provides background on consolidation programs, and estimates a behavioral model to shed light on the factors explaining receivers’ interest in cargo consolidation. The resulting model is used to estimate expected participation in a RLC program in New York City. These results are complemented with freight-trip generation analyses, and a behavioral micro-simulation to estimate potential reductions in freight traffic and vehicle-miles-traveled. The results show that RLC programs could bring significant benefits to large metropolitan areas, reducing freight vehicle-miles-traveled and congestion levels.     

A framework to evaluate policy options for supporting electric vehicles in urban freight transport

Electric vehicles (EVs) are considered as a feasible alternative to traditional vehicles. Few studies have addressed the impacts of policies supporting EVs in urban freight transport. To cast light on this topic, we established a framework combining an optimization model with economic analysis to determine the optimal behavior of an individual delivery service provider company and social impacts (e.g., externalities and welfare) in response to policies designed to support EVs, such as purchase subsidy, limited access (zone fee) to congestion/low-emission zones with exemptions for EVs, and vehicle taxes with exemptions for EVs. Numerical experiments showed that the zone fee can increase the company’s total logistics costs but improve the social welfare. It greatly reduced the external cost inside the congestion/low-emission zone with a high population, dense pollution, and heavy traffic. The vehicle taxes and subsidy were found to have the same influence on the company and society, although they have different effects with low tax/subsidy rates because their different effects on vehicle routing plans. Finally, we performed a sensitivity analysis. Local factors at the company and city levels (e.g., types of vehicle and transport network) are also important to designing efficient policies for urban logistics that support EVs.     

200 km/h动力车车体铝合金顶盖制造工艺

介绍在设计合理的工装保证下，采用MIG焊焊接方法和氩弧调修工艺，成功地控制了铝合金焊接变形，顺利完成200 km ／ h动力车车体铝合金顶盖的生产。     

内燃机车水阻噪声特性分析

对电传内燃机车水阻试验进行了线性志功率级，指向特性，频谱特性和距离衰减等方面的噪声测量试验，所得到的一些分析数据对目前路内开展的水阻噪声理治理工作有一定的参考意义。     

SS3型电力机车转向架横向连接装置的研制与运用

论述了ＳＳ３型电力机车转向架横向连接装置的作用原理、结构特点、试验及应用效果，该装置在国内电力机车上首次应用，具有明显的经济与社会效益。