石河道大桥桩基础施工

针对卵石地层桩基础成孔问题,根据石河道大桥实际施工实践介绍了应用冲击钻孔的方法加以解决的施工方法,并着重分析了该方法的工艺流程和内容,以及施工中的注意事项.     

单频GPS进行高精度线路测量和有轨车辆定位的有效方法

轨道线路测量和有轨车辆的定位常采用GPS定位技术。利用GPS单频接收机实现高精度快速定位的关键是提高GPS单频相位模糊度解算的效率和成功率。基于轨道线路垂直方向变化不大和有轨车辆沿一定线路行驶的特点,提出一种有效的单频相位模糊度解算方法。对GPS单频接收机提供的定位观测值进行粗差探测、修正和剔除等数据预处理,用低噪声和低多路径效应的载波相位观测值对码伪距观测值进行平滑处理,再用附加约束的方法估计双差模糊度实数解,以此为基础进行模糊度搜索固定。算例显示,该方法可提高模糊度实数解估计的精度和可靠性,缩小模糊度的搜索空间,使模糊度解算效率和成功率得到提高,有利于单频GPS接收机在高精度的线路测量和有轨车辆的定位中得到更广泛的应用。     

FRP正弦波形夹心桥面板的等效有限元模型

以FRP正弦波形夹心桥面板作为研究对象,得到等效正交各项异性实心板,通过理论分析和数值对比,证明了方法的可行性;采用该法对一实际的FRP正弦波形夹心板桥进行了模态分析。     

Determination of Critical Slip Surface of Soil Slope

A new complex method is presented considering not only the improvement upon the ＂bad ＂design point, but also the diversity of the newly generated complex, which is obtained by replacing the ＂bad ＂design point with the better design point located at the line between the ＂bad ＂design point and the ceotroid of the remaining design points of the old complex. The new complex method is applied to searching for the critical slip surface of two non-homogeneous soil slopes. The comparison of the results obtained by the new complex method with that by the basic complex method shows that the new complex method is much more likely to find the true critical surface for the randomly generated initial complex.     

基于ANN星识别算法的仿真平台

星敏感器是一种高精确度的姿态测量仪器，它通过对观测到的星点进行识别来计算姿态。为了能够较好地测试和验证星识别系统的性能，设计了一个基于ANN算法的星识别仿真平台。通过对该星识别仿真平台性能的测试，表明该仿真平台能够方便，实时地测试星识别算法的性能与正确性，因此说它是一种具有较好实用价值的星识别仿真平台。     

Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

Numerical simulation of the flow about self-propelling tanker models

A time-marching CFD simulation is performed for self-propelling ships. The flow about the hull is simulated by the finite-volume method, and the propeller action is approximated as a propeller disk for which the solution is given by a simplified propeller model. The interaction of two flow models is treated in a time-marching procedure converging towards the steady self-propelling condition. This method is applied to five tanker models, and detailed comparisons are made between the simulated results and corresponding experimental results. It is shown that the flow field in the self-propelling condition is qualitatively well reproduced in the simulation, and the estimated thrust deduction factors for the five hull forms agree well with measured ones. However, the effective wake factors are underestimated, since the Reynolds number in the simulations differs from that in the experiment.     

装配式公路钢桥承载力的有限元分析

指出装配式公路钢桥设计中所采用的简化计算方法的不足,使用大型有限元软件ANSYS对其受力情况和承载力进行了分析,并与简化计算方法作了对比,得出了一些规律性的结论,对实际应用具有指导意义。     

薄壁箱梁剪滞剪切效应自振特性分析

在推导考虑剪力滞、剪切变形双重效应的单元刚度矩阵与等效结点荷载矩阵的基础上[1],进一步推导出考虑双重效应的单元质量矩阵,从而形成完整的薄壁箱梁考虑双重效应的矩阵分析体系,可方便地纳入矩阵位移法程序系统,为常见的薄壁连续梁等复杂结构的剪力滞效应分析提供一种计算手段。利用自编程序ZLBOX对薄壁箱型简支梁和悬臂梁考虑剪力滞、剪切变形双重效应时的自振特性进行了分析,所得结果与ANSYS实体单元计算结果符合良好。计算结果表明,剪力滞、剪切变形双重效应使薄壁箱梁的自振频率降低,剪力滞效应占双重效应的85%以上,双重效应对高阶频率的影响比低阶频率的影响大。     

变频调速系统的管理和维护

分析变频器运行中的常见故障,介绍做好变频调速系统日常管理和维护的方法.