深水系泊缆动力特性研究

悬链式系泊缆现被广泛使用于海洋平台的定位中,掌握其力学特性对确保海洋平台的安全有非常重要的意义。使用二维集中质量法建立了单根悬链式系泊缆的力学模型,运动方程通过C#编程语言实现计算并通过算例验证了正确性, 系泊缆动力特性的计算程序采取了动态循环数组存储的方法,节省了存储空间。研究了系缆上端点激励为x轴方向简谐运动时节点19、17、15、13、11和9的运动轨迹以及张力最大值最小值的变化趋势,最后在频域对各节点功率谱进行了分析,并得出一些有意义的结论,为海洋平台的发展以及主动式混合模型试验提供了一定的参考价值。     

基于全时域势流理论的船舶与液舱晃荡耦合运动的数值计算

基于三维线性有航速时域势流理论计算船体时域运动外域波浪力,同时采用三维全非线性时域势流理论来计算舱内液体的非线性晃荡所诱导力与力矩,进而建立了波浪中载液船舶耦合运动方程。该方法能够完整地考虑波浪、船体和液舱晃荡之间的实时耦合作用。研究结果表明:通过模型实验和数值模拟计算的对比,数值模拟计算能够清晰显现出液舱晃荡对船体全局运动影响,无航速船体运动RAO与模型实验结果吻合良好,有航速运动计算合乎预期。     

船舶码头系泊的耦合动力响应分析

以码头系泊船舶为研究对象,利用水动力软件 AQWA,分析不同浪向角对其运动响应幅值算子和一阶波激力的影响,并在时域耦合分析的过程中,对系泊系统进行优化,从船舶运动响应和系泊缆张力2个方面,对沿型深方向优化和尾横缆优化的结果进行分析。计算结果表明,不同的优化方案对船舶的运动响应和系泊缆张力的影响不同。     

基于光频域反射技术的破碎带盾构隧道管片监测研究

为探究盾构施工过程中不同地质条件与注浆作用对盾构隧道管片变形的影响规律,依托地质条件复杂的珠江三角洲某盾构隧道工程,采用在空间分辨率及传感精度方面具有显著优势的光频域反射（OFDR）分布式光纤传感技术,进行不同空间位置与不同地质条件下隧道管片的监测研究。其中,监测环选取位于破碎带外的1 529环、1 538环及破碎带内的1 551环,传感光纤沿隧道管片钢筋笼纵筋布设。研究表明： 1) 注浆对隧道管片的变形影响十分显著,同步注浆后管片发生的变形是二次注浆后管片变形的3倍。2) 不同地质条件下管片变形差异性明显,破碎带内管片相对于破碎带外管片的变形较大且不稳定; 当隧道管片进入到完整的岩层内部,管片变形相对稳定。3) 破碎带内的管片变形是破碎带外的管片变形的2.6倍。     

Nonstationary response of floating structures to random waves

Even if ocean waves are treated as a stationary random process, dynamic responses of floating structures to random waves at the transient state are always nonstationary. When nonstationary response statistics is desired, a common technique is to apply Monte Carlo simulations; however, its implementation is costly in computational time. Analytically, this article develops an efficient method for computing nonstationary response statistics, including evolutionary power spectrum and time-varying mean-square values. Assuming a hydrodynamic software has been employed to get various frequency response functions, a prerequisite of the proposed method is to get the elevation-to-motion transfer function formulated in its pole-residue form. The proposed method is applicable to arbitrary wave spectrum and has been based on pole-residue operations implemented in the Laplace domain to obtain closed-form solutions for the response evolutionary power spectrum. Numerical examples choose a single-degree-of-freedom Spar model and a six-degree-of-freedom Floating Production Storage and Offloading model to a Pierson–Moskowitz wave spectrum, and the correctness of the computed mean-square values is verified by Monte Carlo simulations.     

由路面引起的汽车振动能量耗散特性频域分析

针对行驶过程中由路面引起的汽车振动能量耗散问题，提出了基于汽车振动二自由度单轮模型的能量耗散特性频域分析方法。采用汽车振动二自由度单轮模型推导了模型的频率响应，确定了能量耗散振动响应量及其频率响应。将路面激励功率谱密度与振动响应量的功率谱密度和均方根值相结合，建立了能量耗散振动响应量统计特性和振动能量耗散平均功率的表示。采用Matlab开发了汽车振动二自由度单轮模型的能量耗散特性频域分析仿真程序，通过3种分析方案研究了由路面引起的汽车振动能量耗散特性。结果表明，汽车振动能量耗散平均功率与速度和路面等级相关，受到路面等级的影响较大；在以B级路面为主的国内城市行驶工况下，由路面引起的汽车振动能量耗散平均功率比较低。     

Time-domain shielding effectiveness analysis based on DGTD method北大核心CSCD

[目的]为精确分析金属屏蔽腔的时域屏蔽效能,提出一种基于局部时间步进技术和并行技术的时域不连续伽辽金(DGTD)算法。[方法]利用DGTD算法,对金属屏蔽腔进行全波电磁仿真,进而计算时域屏蔽效能(TDSE);利用局部时间步进(LTS)技术增大时间步长,然后结合并行技术显著缩短计算时间;分析金属屏蔽腔的孔径尺寸、腔体厚度、阵列孔间距等设计参数对时域屏蔽效能的影响。[结果]数值算例结果显示,所提方法正确、有效。[结论]所提方法为电磁屏蔽问题的仿真提供了一种有效的工具,对金属屏蔽腔的设计具有一定的指导意义。     

低速柴油机推进轴系频域稳态扭转振动分析

以载重10 000 t低速柴油机推进轴系为研究对象，创建其当量系统模型。基于系统矩阵法对推进轴系进行自由振动分析，求得扭转振动固有频率和振型。研究柴油机在全转速下的气体和往复惯性激励力矩，针对推进轴系在柴油机和螺旋桨共同激励下的频域稳态扭转振动响应特性进行计算，求得推进轴系扭转振动的主谐次、共振转速点和推进轴系各部件的应力值。结果表明，推进轴系在低阶频率振动时气缸和中间轴振幅较大，推进轴系应力远小于材料的屈服强度，船舶能够安全稳定航行，同时为推进轴系时域瞬态扭转振动研究打下基础。     

Seabed collision emergency decision-making of AUV based on safety domain model北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］To ensure safety and prevent seabed collisions in complex unknown underwater environments, this study proposes a seabed safety domain model and tiered emergency response strategies. ［Methods］A vertical motion simulation model is established and verified by surpassing the test results, then used to calculate the active and passive safety domain distance of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), thereby establishing a seabed safety domain model. An AUV emergency control system and emergency strategies are then built on the basis of the dynamic safety domain model. The trim and distance from the seabed of the AUV are used to calculate the current and future risk factors. Based on the weighted sum, the comprehensive risk factor is employed to provide the AUV with emergency response strategies.［Results］Lake tests with the AUV sailing at a fixed depth and height show a strong dependency of the comprehensive risk coefficient on seabed height when it is close to the boundary of the AUV's active safety domain. In the opposite case, there is a weak dependency of the comprehensive risk coefficient on seabed height. The results show that the proposed AUV emergency control system can reduce emergency false alarms caused by frequently changing riverbed heights and sailing altitudes close to the seabed. In such cases, reasonable emergency strategies can be realized under complex rough terrain.［Conclusions］The AUV seabed safety domain model and tiered emergency response strategies based on vertical motion equations proposed herein can be applied to evaluate seabed collision risk in various cases. Finally, this paper provides emergency response strategies to avoid seabed collision accidents, which can enhance the safety of AUV navigation. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.