玻璃钢高速船动力装置设计

针对玻璃钢高速客船的特点,就如何选取主推进柴油机,如何解决机座的强度问题,以及对减小柴油机振动、隔离噪声、防止尾倾过大、控制机舱部位重量等问题进行探讨。通过对名牌柴油机选型、机舱结构优化、环境温度的控制并采取减振措施等,经航行试验实测,动力装置的设计取得较满意的效果。     

Variability of mesozooplankton spatial distribution in the North Aegean Sea, as influenced by the Black Sea waters outflow

The North Aegean Sea constitutes an important region of the Mediterranean Sea since in its eastern part the mesotrophic, low salinity and relatively cold water from the Black Sea (outflowing from the Dardanelles strait) meets the oligotrophic, warm and very saline water of Levantine origin, thus forming a thermohaline front. Mesozooplankton samples were collected at discrete layers according to the hydrology of the upper 100 m, during May 1997 and September 1998. In May highest biomass and abundance values (up to 66.82 mg m^− 3 and 14,157 ind m^− 3) were detected in the 10–20 m layer (within the halocline) of the stations positioned close to the Dardanelles strait. The front moved slightly southwards in September, characterized by high biomass and abundance values within the halocline layer. The areas moderately or non influenced by Black Sea water revealed lower standing stock values than the frontal area in both cruises and maxima were detected in the uppermost low salinity layer. Samples collected at the stations and/or layers more influenced by Black Sea water were distinguished from those collected at layers and/or stations more affected by Levantine waters in both periods. In May the former samples were characterized by the copepods Acartia clausi, Centropages typicus, Paracalanus parvus. The abundance of the above species decreased gradually with increasing salinity, in the horizontal and/or in the vertical dimension, with a parallel increase of the copepods Oithona plumifera, Oithona copepodites, Oncaea media, Ctenocalanus vanus, Farranula rostrata. During September the frontal area as well as that covered by the modified Black Sea water, were highly dominated by the cladoceran Penilia avirostris and doliolids. For both seasons, MDS plots, issued from the combination of mesozooplankton and water-type data, revealed the gradual differentiation of zooplankton composition from the frontal area towards the area covered by Levantine water, following the spreading and mixing of the Black sea water. The observed temporal and spatial variability in the distribution pattern of mesozooplankton standing stock and species composition seems to depend considerably on the variability of circulation and frontal flows.     

船舶尾轴架动刚度的测量及应用

采用实验方法对某舰尾轴架进行动刚度测量,得到了前尾轴架的横向动刚度曲线,后尾轴架的横向和纵向动刚度曲线;分析尾轴架的动刚度曲线,可得到尾轴架结构的固有频率.用有限元方法对尾轴架固有频率进行计算,比较表明两结果吻合较好.建立了船舶轴系的有限元模型,轴架支撑处动刚度用广义弹簧-阻尼器系统进行模拟.进行了在横向冲击载荷作用下考虑支承结构动刚度的轴系横向冲击响应计算.     

玻璃钢电缆保护管在港区堆场的应用

针对玻璃钢电缆管具有轻质高强、耐腐蚀、寿命长、施工方便、工程造价低、综合效益好的特点,介绍玻璃钢电缆保护管的概况。介绍了玻璃钢电缆保护管的技术规格和安装方法。将玻璃钢电缆保护管和镀锌钢管性能进行对比。实践证明:玻璃钢电缆保护管由于其优良性能,在港区堆场应用中有着广阔的发展前景。     

轿车前副车架焊接制造工艺分析

前副车架作为轿车悬架的组成部分,是轿车类底盘零部件的关键组成部件之一,它的焊接成型工艺直接影响到它的最终尺寸,从而影响到整个悬架系统的功能发挥,甚至无法装配。文中对前副车架的焊接定位方式及采用的焊接工艺方法进行分析。     

玻纤套筒加固技术在高桩码头维修工程中的应用

分析玻纤套筒加固技术的特点和优势,结合闸坡油库码头维修工程介绍水下玻纤套筒加固技术在沿海高桩码头维修工程中的应用,包括关键设计参数和施工技术的选择、施工流程和施工组织等。应用结果表明:玻纤套筒加固技术施工快捷、安全,能实现对码头桩基的修复,并提高耐久性。     

基于CFD的前置导叶轴流泵通用特性曲线预报

通过求解由RNG k-ε二方程湍流模型封闭的相对定常雷诺时均方程,对初始设计的前置导叶轴流泵进行全三维数值模拟,得到通用特性曲线。分析设计工况点是否在最佳效率处,设计点是否成功。捕捉前置导叶轴流泵内流场,观察导叶预旋是否到位,尾流场是否有旋流。所得的结果对初始设计的前置导叶轴流泵的改进和优化具有十分重要的意义。     

厚钢板疲劳裂纹扩展前缘应力状态试验与数值仿真

复杂的环境载荷不可避免地会造成海洋结构物的疲劳损伤,而高强度厚钢板典型的三向应力状态会增加结构脆性,更加缩短结构的疲劳寿命。为研究厚板裂纹前缘应力状态沿板厚方向的分布,完成了3组36 mm板厚Q370QE高强度钢的标准疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验,得到了材料参数C,m以及应力强度因子门槛值。接着,应用有限元方法分别基于线弹性分析和塑性分析计算裂纹尖端应力强度因子和裂纹尖端局部约束因子,并解释试验中裂纹前缘由倾斜趋于平直的现象。计算所得裂纹尖端应力强度因子可描述板厚中心部分裂纹前缘的应力状态,但在试件表面处结果失真,而裂纹前缘局部约束因子因考虑了厚板的厚度效应,故沿板厚方向分布的裂纹尖端局部约束因子可有效量化裂纹尖端的应力状态分布。     

应用前置机实现系统过负荷控制

面向多种客户提供服务的大型业务系统,在进行过负荷控制时,需要满足有效性、稳定性、灵活性等多种需求。传统的业务系统的基本架构无法全面支持所有业务目标。为此,本文提供一种基于前置机接入的业务系统架构来解决上述问题,在实现过程中,前置机软件采用基于脚本运行的方案来实施过负荷控制策略。此架构在实际应用中也取得了良好效果,可广泛应用于需要实现过负荷控制的各类系统中。     

曹妃甸取沙造地和建设挖入式港池

唐山市曹妃句工业区的水深及地质、地貌条件,是兼有深水岸线和广宽的可利用滩涂区域的良好港址,有京、津、唐强大的工业依托,适合开发为深水综合性港区。港口总体规划的思路是合理利用自然条件,除利用好句头的深水岸线外,根据港口的功能要求,充分扩展岸线,适当配置水、陆域的面积,构建良好的疏运交通,尽量减少工程建设对自然环境的影响,建设环境友好型的临海工程。经过对港区总体布置的多方案论证和比选,采用了利用句头深水岸线和挖入式港池相结合的方案,经过几年来的实践,取得了良好的效果。