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121.
122.
文中从唐山某钢厂煤气管道用膨胀节发生腐蚀泄漏情况入手,对其发生腐蚀泄漏的原因进行了分析研究.根据分析发现该膨胀节发生腐蚀泄漏的主要原因是高炉煤气结露后产生了腐蚀性液体,该液体腐蚀掉了波纹管与接管焊接熔合的碳钢部分,导致波纹管焊接部分与接管脱离.针对这种情况提出了解决类似问题的措施,并且结合现场的具体条件,提出了简捷有效的解决措施,保证煤气管线膨胀节的平稳运行. 相似文献
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124.
Bottom-up models, including MARKAL, MESSAGE and AIM, are widely used when analyzing the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement policies. These bottom-up models are mostly formulated as a linear programming (LP) optimization model to find both the minimal cost combination of abatement technologies and energy flows while satisfying demands. It is not unusual that the bottom-up modeling involves a great number of technical, industrial, socioeconomic and environmental constraints. Investigating representative constraints needed for analyzing GHG abatement policies, this study proposes how to implement these constraints in bottom-up modeling. 相似文献
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126.
Climate change is one of the most critical environmental challenges faced in the world today. The transportation sector alone contributes to 22% of carbon emissions, of which 80% are contributed by road transportation. In this paper we investigate the potential private car greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction and social welfare gains resulting from upgrading the bus service in the Greater Beirut Area. To this end, a stated preference (SP) survey on mode switching from private car to bus was conducted in this area and analyzed by means of a mixed logit model. We then used the model outputs to simulate aggregate switching behavior in the study area and the attendant welfare and environmental gains and private car GHG emissions reductions under various alternative scenarios of bus service upgrade. We recommend a bundle of realistic bus service improvements in the short term that will result in a reasonable shift to buses and measurable reduction in private car emissions. We argue that such improvements will need to be comprehensive in scope and include both improvements in bus level of service attributes (access/egress time, headway, in-vehicle travel time, and number of transfers) and the provision of amenities, including air-conditioning and Wi-Fi. Moreover, such a service needs to be cheaply priced to achieve reasonably high levels of switching behavior. With a comprehensively overhauled bus service, one would expect that bus ridership would increase for commuting purposes at first, and once the habit for it is formed, for travel purposes other than commuting, hence dramatically broadening the scope of private car GHG emissions reduction. This said, this study demonstrates the limits of focused sectorial policies in targeting and reducing private car GHG emissions, and highlights the need for combining behavioral interventions with other measures, most notably technological innovations, in order for the contribution of this sector to GHG emissions mitigation to be sizable. 相似文献
127.
通过对目前船舶几种灭火系统的原理比较,分析绿色船舶上消防系统的选用,主要对高倍泡沫灭火系统及压力水雾灭火系统的设计进行阐述。提供设计人员在新型绿色船舶设计中选用更安全、更环保、更高效、更经济的灭火系统。 相似文献
128.
透平发电机组在实际运行过程中,一方面为乙烯装置提供不同压力等级的蒸汽动力,一方面又将热能转化为电能。因此,透平发电机组的自动控制对整个乙烯装置的平衡运行都非常重要。而透平发电机组要完成减温减压和发电两个任务,常规控制仪表是很难实现的,完成这两个任务主要是由DG505E电子自动高速速器来完成的。文中在简单介绍透平发电机组工艺原理基础上,着重讨论了透平发电机的自控制系统、联锁保护系统的设计方案。 相似文献
129.
抑制或防止气体水合物的生成一直是油气生产和运输部门关注的问题。针对上述问题,利用自行设计的实验设备,开展了多种钻井液处理剂对天然气水合物形成影响的实验研究;通过对实验数据分析得到了各实验组分的过冷度,并得出结论:在钻井过程中添加一定剂量的有机聚合物类处理剂可以抑制水合物生成,在实验条件下,抑制能力从强到弱分别为:PF-THTN、PAM、LV-CMC、XY-28、SD-102。 相似文献
130.
This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual
stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically
predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method.
In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ
a
)
R
taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation
incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ
a
)
R
, the ΔP-N
f
relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were
systematically rearranged into (σ
a
)
R
-N
f
relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ
a
)
R
could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints. 相似文献