铁路客车车体模块化设计及应用

介绍了模块化设计的目的、概念,简要例举了模块化概念在我国现有铁路客车及国外铁路客车设计中的应用。分析了模块化设计的特点,探索性地对铁路客车车体部件的设计提出了模块化的设计思路。     

寒冷地区客车的防寒设计

根据25T型铁路客车在寒冷地区的运用,分析了列车防寒的主要因素,包括车体的密封性、防寒材料的薄弱部位和热绝缘等。结合运用结果,提出了寒冷地区列车防寒结构方案的改进设计。     

铝复合板材料的铝合金车体制造工艺分析

针对轨道车辆轻量化铝合金车体提出使用铝复合板的观点,并就该种材料的铝合金车体的制造工艺,从熔化极氩弧焊、激光焊和铆接等三种工艺方法进行详细分析,得出可行的制造工艺,并对不同批量的车体给出了可选用制造工艺的建议。     

武汉市三环线武青三干道立交设计评述

该文以武汉市武青三干道互通式立交为例,着重介绍了立交设计的平、立面布置,桥梁结构设计,立交桥中变宽异形梁及小半径曲线梁的设计方法。该设计不仅降低了工程造价,也为快速施工提供了有利条件。     

浅析水泥混凝土路面错台病害综合治理

该文对水泥混凝土路面错台病害的危害和产生原因进行了总结和分析,根据多年从事水泥混凝土路面养护技术工作的经验,提出了综合治理水泥混凝土路面错台的技术措施,可供道路专业人员参考。     

Ergonomic and biomechnical analysis of automotive general assembly using XML and digital human models

Automotive general assembly requires many manual assembly operations to be carried out by human workers. Ergonomic analysis is an important part of the design and evaluation of products, jobs, tools, machines and environments for safe, comfortable and effective human functioning. Most recent researches have involved the evaluation of working conditions to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The majority of previous research on automotive companies has mainly considered the results of ergonomic analyses such as RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment), REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) and OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysis System). Analysis of static posture including reachability, clearances for arm, hand and tool has also been used to evaluate working conditions. However, in addition to static posture analysis, a biomechanical analysis in dynamic conditions should also be conducted. There are no integrated frameworks or standard schema for ergonomic analysis using digital human models in digital environments. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework for the evaluation of working conditions by ergonomic and biomechanical analysis using digital models based on XML standard schema, including: products, processes, manufacturing resources and human workers. This paper presents the analysis results using the proposed framework for automotive general assembly operations. We propose a new framework for the evaluation of the assembly operations and their environments. Then we apply a digital human model to the dynamic simulation of general automotive assembly operations based on standard schemas in XML and PPRH (Product, Process, Resource and Human). Using PPRH information based on a standard XML schema to analyze the ergonomic and biomechanical results, the engineer can visualize, analyze and improve assembly operations and working environments in automotive general assembly shops using digital models.     

Analysis process of a steering system using a concept model for idle vibration

This paper describes the development of an optimal design process for a steering column system and supporting system. A design guide is proposed at the initial concept stage of the development process to obtain sufficient stiffness of the steering system while reducing the idle vibration sensitivity of the system. Case studies on resonance isolation are summarized, where vibration modes among the systems are separated by applying a vibration mode map at the initial stage of the design process. This study also provides design guidelines for an optimal dynamic damper system using a CAE (computer aided engineering) analysis. The damper FE (finite element) model is added to the vehicle model to analyze the relation between the frequency and the sensitivity of the steering column system. This analysis methodology makes it possible to achieve target performance in the early design stage and reduction of damper tuning activity after the proto car test stage. Through the proposed steering column system development process, a lightweight vehicle with high stiffness is possible prior to the proto build stage. Furthermore, the improved process is expected to contribute to reducing the overall development period and the number of proto car tests necessary to achieve the desired steering system performance.     

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直达列车多点装卸取送顺序直接关系到铁路货车运用效率;文章考虑车辆行驶时间及装卸时间的不确定性,假设它们为服从正态分布的随机变量,经过分析,在给定置信水平下,提出了调车机车作业中断时间的计算方法,并结合算法设计建立了极小化调车机车作业中断时间的最佳取送模型;利用遗传算法的原理及方法对取送顺序方案进行了研究,构造了解决该问题的单亲遗传算法;通过从遗传算法对算例的计算过程和结果可见,该算法求解直达列车多点装卸取送问题取得了较好的效果。     

基于底盘测功机的整车性能衰退研究

汽车在行驶一定里程后其性能会发生一定的衰退,在底盘测功机上进行汽车性能对比试验能减少许多不可控的因素对试验结果的影响。通过在底盘测功机上对某卡车进行动力性、经济性试验,对比分析测量车辆在行驶不同公里数后的动力性、经济性试验结果,阐述底盘测功机在整车性能衰退研究上的应用。     

基于车联网技术的汽车服务系统

为了满足不同汽车用户的需求,解决现代交通所面临的安全、能源和道路堵塞问题,本文提出了一种基于车联网技术的汽车服务系统。系统采用B/S架构;搭配高兼容性终端;在主流操作系统下,基于J2EE规范,针对不同用户需求开发出多款应用软件。具有适应性强,支持跨平台操作的特点。本系统消除了客户端的使用限制,升级维护易于实现。