国际航运管理类专业港航地理实训系统研究

文中探讨国际航运管理专业的港航地理实训系统开发,通过对港航业的人才需求分析,以培养港航业所需人才专业技能为目标,在实时地图和高清卫星图为基础上,以港口信息、船期表、GPS航线监控、常用航线标注、港口卫星图识别等模块功能的实现为主要考核点,建立具有操作灵活性、技术实用性的BS结构实训系统。为高职类港口航运业人才培养提供广阔的学习空间,实现数字化教学。     

海峡西岸港口群发展现状及对策研究

文章在文献资料阅读和实地调查的基础上,介绍了海峡西岸港口群基本情况、内部构成及主要港口发展业绩,着重分析港口群在自然条件、经济基础和政策扶持等方面的发展优势和功能单一、内部竞争强等阻碍因素,并提出解决建议,希望能为海峡西岸港口群的进一步规划提供事实依据和帮助。     

国家尺度空间运输联系特征与区域发展趋势

空间运输联系反映了地理单元间的经济联系,是考察区域间相互作用的重要依据。首先,基于全国和省域层面运输联系数据,对中国区域尺度运输生成、增长、交流特征进行分析。结果显示,国家尺度空间运输联系呈现明显的分区差异特征：东部沿海地区面向全国的中心地位突出,运输联系呈现明显的区域化态势;中部地区受沿海经济中心吸引影响,运输联系处于离散状态;西南地区表现出与经济封闭性相对应的边缘且相互孤立的运输特征;全国层面呈现明显的以沿海为中心、以中部地区为主要腹地的大尺度物流运输特征。在此基础上,利用新经济地理学理论从外源导向的经济特征、距离约束、运输成本的变动三方面解析空间运输联系特征的形成机理。最后,从交通角度对川渝、中三角地区未来发展态势进行展望。     

三峡库区危岩链式规律的地貌学解译

危岩的形成、失稳崩塌与运动是三峡库区边坡动力演化过程的主要形式之一,陡崖逆向台阶地貌形迹是危岩阶段性演化的宏观表象。基于对库区内近万个危岩的现场调查并结合地貌分析原理,发现了三峡库区危岩链式规律,包括危岩从坡脚向坡顶逐渐崩落的微观链和从临空面向山体内部后退的宏观链;危岩链式规律可分为仅有一个宏观链简单模式和多个宏观链同时发育的复合嵌套模型;陡崖坡脚岩腔的形成过程及其卸荷效应是三峡库区危岩链式规律的孕育源。     

基于时间地理学的居民活动空间测度方法研究

活动空间能够反映居民受到的时空制约以及移动自由度,对分析居民出行行为有重要研究意义.本文基于时间地理学理论,强调时间维度对个体活动空间的重要塑造作用,引入活动持续时间作为权重因子,构建了活动空间的时空重心测度模型,提出“偏移度”“扩展度”两个概念来量化个体活动空间,并与传统空间中心测度方法进行对比分析,最后,以昆明市居民调查数据进行实例验证.结果表明,活动空间是由时间和空间两大要素共同决定,当存在出行距离大于4 km以上,偏移度对空间测度的修正程度约为5%~15%,时间要素对活动空间的影响程度变得较为敏感.     

青藏高原东部边缘地区第四纪泥石流发育特性研究

在实地考查和试验分析的基础上,对青藏高原东部边缘地区第四纪代表性泥石流堆积剖面进行了分析;根据阶地特征、泥石流堆积剖面与地质年代的关系,白龙江流域与小江流域第四纪泥石流活动均可分为8期,白龙江流域第四纪泥石流活动主要在1.5 Ma,0.73 Ma,0.565～0.425 Ma,0.245～0.165 Ma,(116.8±9.9)ka,50～25 ka,5～4 ka,3 ka至今,小江流域第四纪泥石流活动主要在1.42 Ma,0.985 Ma,0.562～0.52 Ma,0.218 Ma,0.137 Ma,14ka,0.73 ka,3 ka至今。根据对青藏高原东部边缘地区泥石流堆积层及活动周期的分析,结合泥石流与冰期间冰期气候特征的比较,得出青藏高原东部边缘地区泥石流活动过程既具有一致性特点,也具有非平衡性的特性。     

配电GIS管理信息系统的设计及应用

配电GIS管理信息系统作为采集、分析、处理空间数据的计算机信息系统,在电力行业具有良好的应用前景。本文根据电力行业配电管理的现状及存在问题,对配电GIS管理信息系统在实践中的应用作了具体描述。     

浅谈移动互联网时代物流经济地理教学一体化

物流经济地理课旨在通过课堂教学,使学生了解物流经济地理理论,并且学会运用理论方法去分析问题。而如今物流的快速发展以及移动互联网技术的大规模普及,要求日常教学需要构建新的一体化教学模式来实现这一目标。     

Port system evolution – the emergence of second-tier hubs

Some evidence has emerged of second-tier hubs inserting themselves between hubs and feeder ports, producing a new hierarchy of port networks. This article aims to establish the dynamics of this process based on illustrative cases in Asia, South America, and Europe. Findings reveal spatial factors to include a cluster of small ports with minimal sailing distance within a given range, suitable channel and berth depth, and ideally high capacity inland links. From the economic perspective, demand-side factors include a local captive market and aggregated demand to be captured from other ports, while supply-side factors include diseconomies of scale at traditional hubs, an increase in direct services, an increase in large feeder vessels calling from first-tier hubs which are then transhipped to smaller feeders for serving local ports, and an increase in overland servicing of local smaller ports. From a strategic perspective, vertical and horizontal integration in the shipping sector has produced extensive network economies, whereby shipping lines look to create group-specific port hierarchies, enhanced in the presence of aggressive management strategies and supportive policies. This finding suggests that proactive port stakeholders can in certain circumstances seize the opportunity to capture this role within their port range.     

Origin-destination pattern estimation based on trajectory reconstruction using automatic license plate recognition data

Origin-destination (OD) pattern estimation is a vital step for traffic simulation applications and active urban traffic management. Many methods have been proposed to estimate OD patterns based on different data sources, such as GPS data and automatic license plate recognition (ALPR) data. These data can be used to identify vehicle IDs and estimate their trajectories by matching vehicles identified by different sensors across the network. OD pattern estimation using ALPR data remains a challenge in real-life applications due to the difficulty in reconstructing vehicle trajectories. This paper proposes an offline method for historical OD pattern estimation based on ALPR data. A particle filter is used to estimate the probability of a vehicle’s trajectory from all possible candidate trajectories. The initial particles are generated by searching potential paths in a pre-determined area based on the time geography theory. Then, the path flow estimation process is conducted through dividing the reconstructed complete trajectories of all detected vehicles into multiple trips. Finally, the OD patterns are estimated by adding up the path flows with the same ODs. The proposed method was implemented on a real-world traffic network in Kunshan, China and verified through a calibrated microscopic traffic simulation model. The results show that the MAPEs of the OD estimation are lower than 19%. Further investigation shows that there exists a minimum required ALPR sampling rate (60% in the test network) for accurately estimating the OD patterns. The findings of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in OD pattern estimation.