Local Level Fisheries Management in Diani-Chale,Kenya: Current Status and Future Directions

The current regime of fisheries management and the prospects for attaining a more locally oriented, collaborative system of fisheries management in Diani-Chale, Kenya are examined. At present fisheries management in Diani-Chale is characterized by diminished government capacity for regulation, weakened local institutions, and little ability to exert control over the use of fisheries. Local level management requires the development and use of local institutions that can govern the use of fishery resources. The fish landing sites used by fishers and their associated fishing grounds were identified to be at the appropriate level for resolving fishery management issues. A more formal role for these entities, the clarification of fishing ground tenure and access rights, and support for the development and enforcement of local fishing rules can further local management. The socioeconomic condition of fishers, their fear of losing landing sites, and the continued perception of the imposition of a marine reserve pose barriers to initiatives seeking to further local level management.     

松花江大顶子山航电枢纽坝下冲刷深度及水位降落研究

利用长河段一维数学模型,预报了大顶子山航电枢纽在运行不同时期后的冲刷深度及水位降落情况。结合近坝段河床防护措施,确定了大顶子山枢纽下游最低通航流量、相应的下游最低通航水位、枢纽船闸的门槛最小水深以及船闸下闸首底槛的高程。     

基于改进层次分析模型的舰载无人机系统修理级别分析研究

在对原有舰载无人机系统评价指标体系进行组合优化以简化修理级别分析流程的基础上,从利用三标度法简化判断矩阵的构建和采用最优传递矩阵性质避免一致性检验两个层面对层次分析模型进行了改进,并基于这一改进模型对舰载无人机系统的修理级别分析模型进行了研究。算例表明该改进模型计算过程简单、结果可靠。     

非天然水深大型开敞式码头靠泊时机与乘潮水位的确定

通常乘潮水位的确定,对于码头前沿天然水深满足船舶满载吃水要求的码头是适用的,但对于大型船舶停靠水域属非天然水深大型开敞式码头则不适用。提出以适宜船舶靠离的潮流条件确定船舶靠离泊时机,以此靠泊时机为先决条件,进而确定港池水域、航道设计中所选取的乘潮水位值,并结合工程实例进行了计算、比较。该方法运用于非天然水深大型开敞式码头效果良好。     

Port authorities view state coastal management programs

Abstract

An estuarine sanctuary is a store of public values due to the ecological, cultural, recreational, aesthetic, historic, and economic services provided by the preserve. These values may be expected to increase over time because of (1) growth in the population demanding estuarine services, (2) growth in the willingness to pay for such services, and (3) growth in the actual quality and quantity of services which are provided by a protected natural system. Thus an estuarine sanctuary will be more valuable to future generations than to current generations. When weighing the cost and benefits of a preservation or development decision, a preservation decision which seems currently undesirable may in fact be socially beneficial when growth in the value of estuarine services is included.     

2万t重载组合列车联合制动时缓解后前涌的原因及对策

针对2万t重载组合列车联合制动时普遍存在的缓解后前涌现象,对联合制动时列车纵向力变化规律和机车司机操纵情况进行了综合分析,找出了缓解前涌的操纵原因,明确了减缓缓解前涌的思路。在此基础上,通过试验分析,提出了减缓2万t重载组合列车缓解前涌的操纵方法。     

高速铁路变形可调板式无砟轨道结构研究

在分析国内外高速铁路无砟轨道变形调整技术及应用经验基础上,基于结构安全可靠、变形调整便利、预制装配化施工等原则,考虑沉降、上拱、偏移等线下基础变形特征,提出了一种变形调整能力较强的板式无砟轨道结构。通过减小轨道板下调整层厚度或灌注聚合物砂浆实现轨道高低调整,通过移动轨道板并改变限位孔周边弹性缓冲垫层厚度实现轨道水平调整。在不损伤无砟轨道主体结构的前提下可实现高低调整量100 mm,水平调整量40 mm。提出的变形可调板式无砟轨道结构可为地质条件及气候复杂地区高速铁路无砟轨道设计及相关病害整治提供参考。     

雅砻江锦屏二级深埋隧洞围岩渗流特性初步研究

研究目的:锦屏二级工程地质条件复杂,4条长达17 km的引水隧洞具有超埋深,大直径特点。为更全面分析锦屏二级隧洞围岩渗流特性,采用有限元方法,建立渗流简化模型,重点研究深埋引水隧洞不同条件下的渗流场特征。研究结论:研究表明,不同灌浆圈厚度及渗透性对围岩渗流特性影响较小,运行期施工排水洞及A,B线辅助洞封堵会引水隧洞围岩渗压增加明显;成果可为锦屏二级深埋隧洞的设计及施工提供参考依据。     

水平向轻型井点降水在地铁基坑中的应用

苏州市区东部地质多属于以陆相为主的海陆交互相沉积物,轨道交通1号线车站基坑大多处在粉土粉砂中,如何在这种地质情况下处理钻孔灌注桩桩间涌水涌砂,就成了施工中的重要技术环节。以苏州地铁1号线西环路站为例,介绍在特殊地层分布情况下,如何运用水平向井点降水技术解决上述问题。     

提高地方铁路工程总承包项目盈利水平的投资控制分析

国内铁路工程与其他行业相比,在工程总承包项目实施过程中有其独特的承包风险,投资控制难度较大。此文结合国内地方铁路工程总承包（EPC）项目投资控制特点,对EPC项目全过程中各阶段投资控制的关键问题进行分析,并提出了提高盈利水平的控制策略及措施。