新型抗磨铸钢的研究

对一种新型抗磨铸钢进行了系统的试验研究。运用正交试验设计,确定了抗磨铸钢的最佳化学成分,并探讨了碳、铬、钒、钼等元素对抗磨铸钢的硬度和冲击韧性的影响。同时,经试验确定了抗磨铸钢合理的热处理工艺。新型抗磨铸钢锤头的现场试验结果表明,其使用寿命为高锰钢的2.4倍,而其成本比高锰钢仅提高5％,具有显著的经济效益。     

A study on improving the course-keeping ability of a pure car carrier in windy conditions

The course-keeping ability of a pure car carrier (PCC) in windy conditions is discussed in this article. Numerical simulations of two PCCs were carried out to compare their course-keeping abilities in wind. The two PCCs had the same hull form but different types of rudder. One PCC was fitted with a semispade rudder (hereinafter, the normal rudder), whereas the other was fitted with a spade-type Schilling rudder (hereinafter, the Schilling rudder). Both PCCs were designed to a new concept for the accommodation structure and hull form above the load water line. In this new design concept, there are no sharp corners in the superstructure so as to reduce wind resistance and improve steering performance. The limits of course keeping for the two PCCs were investigated through simulations. The course-keeping abilities of the two PCCs, each with two different types of autopilot system, were also investigated in wind. To develop the numerical simulation, the hydrodynamic coefficients of the two PCCs were predicted based on the data published for a third PCC having similar principal particulars. The numerical model of the two PCCs was validated by comparing its behavior with the respective full-scale trial results. Wind resistance coefficients were predicted by combining the results of wind tunnel experiments of the object PCCs and a regression model. Numerical simulations under steady wind conditions were also carried out and the results compared with some full-scale experiments to validate the mathematical model of the PCC.     

内河船舶的浅水阻力计算

本文提供了一种估算内河船舶浅水阻力的方法。根据184条船模浅水阻力曲线及部分相应的深水阻力曲线,计算了经济航速、临界航速和不同航速下的兴波阻力系数。应用经修正的Prohaska方法计算了深、浅水形状因子。将上述这些量视为H/T、L/B、B/T和C_B的幂函数方程,应用回归分析确定其指数值。利用求得的回归公式即可进行深、浅水阻力计算,协助选择优良船型,进行主尺度分析,选配经济航速以提高营运经济性。本方法具有计算简便、适应范围广、计算精度高等优点。     

高速双体船阻力和兴波特性的试验研究

通过一艘具有非对称片体线型的高速双体船的模型试验和波型分析，探讨了单独片体和双体船两种布置形式的兴波特性及其与运动状态之间的关系。     

肥大船后体形状对推进的影响

本文从节能和减振的角度出发,探讨肥大船后体形状对阻力、推进及伴流的影响。首先,用理论计算流线的方法从三个抬高型球鼻首中选择一个加装于母型船模上。通过比较分别由理论计算和实测得到的流线,表明在舭部两者吻合程度良好。接着,对后体形状分别为V型剖面、U型剖面、单尾鳍型和球尾型的四艘船模进行试验。结果表明,在方形系数C_B=0.80的四种后体线型中,在满载和压载状态,V型剖面的阻力最低,U型剖面最高。就收到马力而言,单尾鳍型在满载时最低,压载时仅次于V型剖面。至于满载时的伴流分布,U型剖面和单尾鳍型各半径处进流角绕轴一周的变化△β较小。     

高速列车制动计算中值得关注的问题

1998年颁布实施的《列车牵引计算规程》已法定采用单位重力的作用力N/kN作为单位力(列车阻力或牵引力或制动力)的单位,我国高速列车制动计算中单位力的单位必须统一到法定单位上来,并采用由此建立的一系列计算公式;同时指出高速动车组的制动计算绝不能忽视回转质量系数,均牵式(动力分散式)高速列车的回转质量系数大于推挽式(动力集中式);此外,还对制动粘着系数、列车基本阻力等制动计算参数的试验公式实用化问题作了论述。     

水域高密度地震映象技术在工程勘察中的应用

结合工程勘察实例,简要介绍了水域高密度地震映象的方法选择以及野外勘探的实施程序,并针对勘探成果进行简要对比分析,论述地震映象法在水工勘察中的利弊。     

高性能混凝土(HPC)在海港工程中的应用

简要介绍高性能混凝土的配合比设计、施工、应用及其技术性能;分析掺合料、外加剂对高性能混凝土性能的影响及经济效益。     

高性能混凝土在深圳港盐田三期工程中的应用

介绍高性能混凝土在盐田港三期工程10万吨级集装箱码头工程的应用情况。     

特大型船舶电站发动机排气系统水力计算

12万吨级“桃江海”号散装货轮改装为自航减载平台，对电站发动机排气系统阻力进行计算和定量分析，以探讨设计方案的可行性。机组运行数十万小时，各项指标正常，计算结果可供船舶设计部门参考。