提速客车转向架转臂的拓扑优化设计

为设计出易于安装及落车的提速客车转向架转臂结构,基于变密度法和非线性接触有限元法对转臂进行了拓扑优化和强度分析。以HyperMesh/Optistruct为拓扑优化分析平台,创建了转臂的拓扑优化模型;以I-DEAS软件为多体接触分析平台,建立和分析了新型转臂的多体接触有限元模型。结果表明:新型转臂结构在满足使用强度的要求下,不仅从整体上改善了结构的应力分布,使应力分布更趋均匀,而且转臂的质量也比现有结构的质量下降了9.7%。     

自调节独立车轮走行部的动力学性能

自调节独立车轮走行部具有依靠重力刚度使车轮回复到径向位置的能力。建立自调节独立车轮走行部的运动方程,并采用踏面斜率的泰勒级数对重力复原力的表达式进行简化。自调节独立车轮轮副的摇头运动类似于单摆,其频率取决于接触点的踏面锥度。为衰减轮副的摇头运动,需设置一附加阻尼,阻尼比要达到0.5。提高自调节独立车轮的复位能力,需要车轮踏面具有较高的锥度,使用接触角踏面反推法设计了适合于自调节车轮走行部的踏面,建立相应的车辆横向动力学简化模型。仿真分析表明,自调节车轮走行部具有理想的通过曲线性能。     

LDJC型货车轮对尺寸自动测量机

介绍了货车轮对尺寸自动测量机的主要技术参数、结构及功能等。     

列车轮对在线动态测量方法的评述

论述了列车轮对参数在线动态测量方法研究的重要意义,介绍了国内外在线动态测量的常见方案,并探讨我国在线动态测量系统的发展和应用。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle

This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle. Tests were carried out under quasi-steady-state conditions, on a full-scale roller rig, and allowed to point out the effect of different parameters like the wheelset's angle of attack and the ratio between the vertical loads acting on the flanging and non-flanging wheels. On the basis of the test results, some existing derailment criteria are analysed in this paper and two new criteria are proposed. A model of wheel-rail contact is proposed for the mathematical modelling of the flange climb process, and numerical vs. experimental comparisons are used to obtain model validation.     

独立轮对柔性耦合转向架耦合刚度对动力学性能的影响

提出一种独立轮对柔性耦合转向架的方案。通过理论分析得知,一旦耦合刚度合理匹配,该转向架就会在二系悬挂系统和柔性耦合元件的协调作用下自动把前后轮对调整到径向位置,这说明独立轮对柔性耦合转向架有望彻底解决独立轮对的导向难题。然后通过数值仿真全面分析了耦合刚度对独立轮对柔性耦合转向架动力学性能的影响,找出了其影响规律,获得独立轮对柔性耦合转向架耦合刚度的最佳匹配关系,为今后独立轮对柔性耦合转向架的方案设计提供了重要的理论依据。同时本文还提出了独立轮对柔性耦合转向架能产生类蛇行运动的新观念。     

Simulation of active steering control for curving under traction in hauling locomotives

Active steering control in the form of secondary yaw control (SYC) and actuated wheelset yaw (AWY) have been in prototype development. This paper presents a new active steering bogie design, actuated yaw force steering (AY-FS), that is able to steer under high traction loads in tight curves. The AY-FS bogie design is compared with the AWY design. The steering performance AWY under high traction loads has not been previously reported. This paper examines five control methods, three for AWY and two for AY-FS bogies and assesses the traction curving and stability control performance of the alternative designs and control methods compared with each other and to passive steering bogie designs. The curving performance results showed considerable advantage in the proposed AY-FS bogies over the AWY. It was shown that control must be applied to both the yaw angle and the steering angle of the bogie to achieve the best traction steering performance which was not possible with the AWY bogies. The proposed new bogie designs of AY-FS overall give better traction curving and stability performance than the AWY designs.     

基于虚拟仪器的大型旋转机组振动预测模型

为预测大型机组状态，建立了灰色预测模型．并研制了具有开放性和柔性的虚拟仪器平台下的预测系统，以适应不同用户和不同环境．该系统在LabVIEW平台下并结合VC 编程实现，在工业现场得到实际应用．在大型供水机组上应用结果表明：采用该技术可以预测机组趋势性故障13期、减少维修次数和维护费用．     

用激光位移传感器检测轮对踏面缺陷

介绍一种自动检测铁路车辆轮对踏面擦伤及剥离的新方法．该方法用激光位移传感器获得踏面数据，通过纠偏、插值和运用经典的数据处理的中值滤波和边界搜索等方法对数据进行分析；通过对数据矩阵进行数字化处理，得到了轮对踏面损伤结果．运用VC 和Mat1ab语言编制出通用分析软件，功能包括轮对踏面的二维和三维图形显示、打印踏面擦伤和剥离的损伤尺寸等．     

基于小波变换的轨道车辆轮轨力处理方法

轨道车辆轮轨力的计算精度直接影响车辆运行安全性及舒适性的评估,并影响车辆正向设计数据基础的准确性。基于小波法,利用LABVIEW软件图形化编程语言对间断式测力轮对测试数据进行零线漂移、去噪重构及峰值提取等操作,最终通过测试数据计算得到精确的轮轨作用力。计算结果可为车辆状态评估和车辆设计提供参考性数据基础。