Adoption of alternative fuel vehicles: Influence from neighbors,family and coworkers

During the last years, many governments have set targets for increasing the share of biofuels in the transportation sector. Understanding consumer behavior is essential in designing policies that efficiently increase the uptake of cleaner technologies. In this paper we analyze adopters and non-adopters of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). We use diffusion of innovation theory and the established notion that the social system and interpersonal influence play important roles in adoption. Based on a nationwide database of car owners we analyze interpersonal influence on adoption from three social domains: neighbors, family and coworkers. The results point primarily at a neighbor effect in that AFV adoption is more likely if neighbors also have adopted. The results also point at significant effects of interpersonal influence from coworkers and family members but these effects weaken or disappear when income, education level, marriage, age, gender and green party votes are controlled for. The results extend the diffusion of innovation and AFV literature with empirical support for interpersonal influence based on objective data where response bias is not a factor. Implications for further research, environmental and transport policy, and practitioners are discussed.     

基于信令数据的出行强度影响因素分析模型

为探究城市交通出行强度影响因素及不同因素的影响程度，本文从土地利用与交通基础设施建设两方面出发，分析包括土地利用混合指数，职住混合率熵指数，公共交通站点 500 m覆盖率，路网可达性等17个指标与出行强度的相关关系；基于相关系数和拟合优度分析，提取7个与出行强度强相关指标，基于所识别指标构建北京市中心城区出行强度多元回归模型.模型结果表明，职住混合率熵指数对出行强度的影响最为显著，公共交通站点覆盖率对出行强度的影响比道路网密度和可达性更为明显.此外，给出单一土地利用/交通基础设施指标对出行强度拟合结果的离群特征分析方法，用于评估不同区域基础设施供给与交通出行需求之间的平衡关系.     

Layout optimization of an inertial energy harvester for miniature underwater mooring platforms

Comprehensive analyses of the layout influence on power performance of a low-frequency miniature horizontal-pendulum-type inertial energy harvester for underwater mooring platforms are presented in this article. The mathematical models are obtained utilizing the Newton-Euler method. The power performance is evaluated by simulations over different parameters, such as damping, excitation frequency, and layout position. Simulation results indicate that the harvester can extract energy from low-frequency excitations over the range of 0.1 Hz–0.4 Hz, and maximum output power can reach to 0.7 W under excitation frequency f = 0.4 Hz. Different layout positions influence the energy harvesting performance of the harvester dramatically. Changing the layout position to positive value can enhance and broaden the power performance. The amplitude responses with different layout positions do not show resonant characteristics, even near the natural frequency of the harvester, due to large amplitude vibrations and strong nonlinear characteristic. As excitation frequency f = 0.4 Hz, there is a zero output power point appears at layout position d = −1.3 m. Moreover, the harnessed power has a quadratic relationship with the layout position value.     

Flow Stress Model of Stainless Steel OCr13Ni5Mo at Elevated Temperature

For a more accurate forming calculation and numerical simulation of hydraulic turbine blade,experimental studies on the flow stress of stainless steel OCr13Ni5Mo were carried out upon Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator under different deformation conditions.The results then were analyzed and the effects of all influencing factors were summarized consequently.New mathematic models were conceived.Utilizing the software Matlab,regression coefficients were calculated by the least square method.The model has an eminent capability of curve-fitting performance with impact structure whose correlation coefficient is up to 0.908 0 and the cosine coefficient is 0.995 8.All mathematic models and process parameters can be used in engineering calculations or computer simulations.     

半刚性基层沥青路面反射裂缝产生的影响因素分析

针对沥青路面反射裂缝的产生,在辽宁省不同地区选取了典型路面进行调研,通过大量的调研数据分析了沥青路面产生反射裂缝的原因,提出了抑制半刚性沥青路面产生裂缝的工程措施,对提高我省沥青路面的抗裂性能及工程的具体实施具有借鉴和指导意义。     

强夯施工对环境振动的影响分析

利用强夯法加固软弱地基时,其夯击能将以波的形式向外扩散,进而导致周围环境的振动.本文以半无限弹性体理论为基础,考察了瑞利波的径向振动量和竖向振动量沿地基深度的衰减特性,认为竖向振动量是引发环境安全的主要因素;通过现场实测,研究了强夯引起的自由场地地面振动加速度及振动速度随距离的衰减规律,并对隔振沟的隔振效果进行了测试研究.     

嘉陵江草街航电枢纽工程对渝合高速公路影响研究

介绍了嘉陵江草街航电枢纽工程对于渝合高速公路部分主要结构物的影响,通过建立计算模型进一步对路堤的稳定性进行了分析.     

套管腐蚀及屏蔽影响现场实验及其检测方法

通过模拟工程实践状态条件下,穿越管段套管腐蚀及屏蔽影响现场实验研究,阐述了套管对阴极保护电流屏蔽作用的变化规律,以及影响因素的相互作用关系;验证了套管中安装牺牲阳极对于减缓屏蔽影响、提高保护效果的重要作用;根据理论研究及实验数据的分析,提出了套管腐蚀状况和屏蔽影响的判别和推荐的检测方法。     

基于MMLS3设备的OLSM抗反射裂缝性能研究

为评价开级配大粒径沥青碎石（OLSM）抗反射裂缝性能及其影响因素,采用MMLS3设备对1/2路面结构进行弯拉-剪切作用下反射裂缝模拟试验,测定不同集料粒径、分形维数、胶浆膜厚度和粉胶比等影响因素下OLSM面层的瞬时应变幅值,分析不同影响因素下OLSM面层裂缝扩展规律。结果表明：OLSM面层随加载的累积应变、瞬时应变幅值和裂缝扩展速率均显著低于AC面层,终裂时其加载次数比AC面层提高了64.9%;随着公称最大集料粒径的增大,OLSM面层随加载的瞬时应变幅值和裂缝扩展速率显著降低,终裂时OLSM-30和OLSM-40面层加载次数比OLSM-25面层分别提高了20.2%和41.5%;随着分形维数的减小,OLSM面层随加载的瞬时应变幅值和裂缝扩展速率先提高后降低,终裂时加载次数先提高后降低;随着胶浆膜厚度和粉胶比的增大,OLSM面层随加载的瞬时应变幅值、裂缝扩展速率先提高后降低,终裂时加载次数先提高后降低。OLSM对裂缝扩展起到较好的抑制作用,具有良好的抗反射裂缝性能;大粒径集料对裂缝扩展起到较好的抑制作用,选用较大集料粒径的OLSM可有效提高其抗反射裂缝性能;随着分形维数、胶浆膜厚度和粉胶比的增大,OLSM抗反射裂缝性能先提高后降低;采用分形维数2.39~2.43、胶浆膜厚度50~56 μm和粉胶比1.2~1.4设计OLSM,可有效提高其抗反射裂缝性能。     

大跨悬浇钢筋混凝土拱桥施工扣索力优化计算分析

为有效控制钢筋混凝土拱圈在悬臂浇筑过程中出现过大的拉应力,文中以某大跨悬浇钢筋混凝土拱桥为依托,提出一种扣索力优化计算方法。首先,基于“未知荷载系数法”获取拱圈最大悬臂状态扣索力初值;然后,开展正装分析并提取施工过程的索力、应力以及位移影响矩阵,基于优化原理并利用MATLAB软件对扣索力开展进一步优化。最后,分别基于影响线原理和无应力状态法原理确定拱圈合龙前扣索力最优拆除顺序和扣索补张拉值,确保拱圈受力合理、松索成拱后拱圈线形光滑圆顺。算例结果表明,扣索初拉力值较为均匀,所有索力值安全系数均大于2.5;拱圈松索成拱线形合理,未出现“马鞍形”;拱圈施工过程中截面拉应力均小于1.8 MPa,满足设计要求。