交通和施工超载对软土基坑地下连续墙槽壁整体稳定的影响

依托宁波地区某主干道周边基坑地下连续墙施工工点,通过现场取样测试土体动三轴下强度指标;采用三维有限元数值模拟判别交通和施工超载作用下槽壁整体失稳模式;并以槽壁外侧土体达到剪切塑性极限为临界条件,采用极限平衡法,推导单一土层内一字型地下连续墙槽壁整体失稳的判定公式。研究结果表明:地下连续墙槽壁呈现类似四棱锥形整体失稳形态;护壁泥浆出现补充不及时或漏浆时,槽壁将发生整体失稳破坏。     

顺层边坡失稳分析及预测研究

关于边坡失稳的预测预报,已有半个多世纪的研究进程,到目前为止仍处于探索阶段。边坡的失稳演化过程中与其内部结构和外界因素的影响密切相关。通过对摩擦定律的状态分析,研究了边坡失稳的内在机制,并论证了边坡失稳预测的充要条件,探讨了中长期预测预报失效的原因。     

崩滑体破坏弹冲动力特性研究

三峡库水位变动诱发和加剧了崩滑地质灾害,崩滑体破坏弹冲动力特性亟待研究.针对滑塌式危岩,建立了力学模型,构建了危岩体失稳弹冲动能计算方法;通过数学与物理描述,得到了判别危岩动力失稳的重要指标;指出危岩体动力失稳瞬间系统的临滑聚能将释放并转换为危岩崩落动能,揭示了动力系统能量释放量与弹冲动力参数的关系.     

A finite element model for flexible pipe armor wire instability

The constructive disposition of metallic and plastic layers confers flexible pipes with high and low axial stiffness respectively when tensile and compressive loads are applied. Under certain conditions typically found during deepwater installation or operation, flexible pipes may be subjected to high axial compression, sometimes accompanied by bending. If not properly designed, the structure may not be able to withstand this loading and fails. From practical experience observed offshore and in laboratory tests two principal mechanisms, which will be discussed in this paper, have been identified regarding the configuration of the armor wires. When the pipe fails by compression the armor wires may exhibit localized lateral or radial deflections, consequently permanent damage is observed in the armor wires with a sudden reduction of the structure’s axial stiffness. The pressure armor may also unlock, thus causing potential fluid leakage.In this work a finite element model is developed to estimate the critical instability load and failure modes. An axi-symmetric model is constructed employing a complex combination of beam and spring elements. For each armor layer only one wire needs to be modeled, hence the computational cost is minimized without compromising the phenomenon characterization. A parametric case study is performed for a typical flexible pipe structure, where the friction coefficient between the wire armors and the external pressure are varied, and the critical instability loads and failure modes are obtained and results are discussed.     

水流作用下地形不稳定性计算模型

河流中水流和水底泥沙之间的相互作用会产生各种复杂的地形形态,交替型沙坝是其中的一种地貌特征,研究表明这一地貌的形成机理是水底地形的不稳定性.给出了这一不稳定性所导致的交替型沙坝的数值模拟方法和相应结果.水流方程采用了交替方向隐式算法求解,水底变形方程采用了比传统方法更加稳定的欧拉加权基本无振荡迎风格式求解,从而建立了水...     

Evidence of convective instability in congested traffic flow: A systematic empirical and theoretical investigation

An extended open system such as traffic flow is said to be convectively unstable if perturbations of the stationary state grow but propagate in only one direction, so they eventually leave the system. By means of data analysis, simulations, and analytical calculations, we give evidence that this concept is relevant for instabilities of congested traffic flow. We analyze detector data from several hundred traffic jams and propose estimates for the linear growth rate, the wavelength, the propagation velocity, and the severity of the associated bottleneck that can be evaluated semi-automatically. Scatter plots of these quantities reveal systematic dependencies. On the theoretical side, we derive, for a wide class of microscopic and macroscopic traffic models, analytical criteria for convective and absolute linear instabilities. Based on the relative positions of the stability limits in the fundamental diagram, we divide these models into five stability classes which uniquely determine the set of possible elementary spatiotemporal patterns in open systems with a bottleneck. Only two classes, both dominated by convective instabilities, are compatible with observations. By means of approximate solutions of convectively unstable systems with sustained localized noise, we show that the observed spatiotemporal phenomena can also be described analytically. The parameters of the analytical expressions can be inferred from observations, and also (analytically) derived from the model equations.     

胡麻岭隧道不同产状裂隙岩体稳定性及支护力学特性

依托“兰渝客专”胡麻岭隧道工程,研究不同岩层产状（倾角）围岩稳定性,以及支护结构力学响应。结果表明:节理面极大降低隧道围岩稳定性,节理面物理力学性质是隧道围岩失稳的控制性因素;竖向节理隧道失稳以冒顶、坍方为主;当岩层为水平时,其支护结构受力分布合理;倾斜产状节理岩体支护结构受力呈现明显偏压现象;隧道边墙相对稳定,围岩锚杆加固有效长度3 m,拱顶要提高设计参数,有效促进“拱效应”形成,确保隧道稳定性。     

曲线连续梁桥侧向失稳破坏机理与行为分析

就某曲线连续梁桥的曲梁整体侧移破坏现象,在受力、变形和破坏主导因素分析的基础上,阐述了温度荷载作用下曲梁整体侧移的破坏机理、破坏过程和破坏后行为。随着温度荷载的增加,跨间桥墩对曲梁的约束作用很小,而两端支座反力迅速增加,端部没有足够的约束强度,端部约束将遭到破坏,最终导致曲梁整体丧失稳定性,发生向外的整体滑动。利用能量原理对定量描述曲线梁破坏后的力学行为进行了初步探讨。     

The Stability Study of Globe Transportation Center of Beijing Capital International Airport

Introduction For decades, the long-span space structurehave been widely used in the world. The light steearch structural system also becomes popular, because of its beautiful shape, reasonable structurand low cost[1]. With the application of higstrength structural steel and advanced constructiotechniques, however, the flange plates and web oa steel arch system have become thinner and thinner than before, which makes the structural stability more serious, especially for the long-span thiwall va…     

淤泥质海底航道边坡失稳程度评估与预测

淤泥质海底航道边坡稳定性对于航道安全运行至关重要。由于航道边坡失稳滑塌具有不确定性,无法对其失稳程度进行预测评估,严重影响过往船只安全和航道管理维护。基于工程试验模拟的方式获取航道边坡失稳滑塌全周期声纹图像,通过分析声纹图像能量变化将其失稳过程划分为:非常稳定、稳定、不稳定、极不稳定、滑塌5个阶段。基于Gabor变换提取各阶段声纹图像特征,利用离散余弦变换进行特征降维,将降维后的声纹图像特征输入Fisher函数中构建失稳程度评估预测模型。结果表明:将待评估声纹图像样本特征输入到预测模型中,识别正确率达到90%。因此,基于Gabor特征构建Fisher模型进行淤泥质海底航道边坡失稳程度评估预测是可行的,对研究航道边坡稳定性具有重要意义。