技术站列车编组计划要素t节计算方法的商榷

货车无改编通过技术站的车小时节省t节是计算技术站列车编组计划的要素,其准确性直接影响到计算结果.现行计算方法使t节的取值偏小,实践上也无法操作.本文认为在计算中不应减去t集,通过分析货车在技术站进行无调、有调中转作业的车辆停留时间,并考虑到车辆改编作业成本,修正了t节的计算公式.     

ʵʱ��ͨ��Ϣ������Ԥ��ϵͳ�������ķ�չ�ſ�

介绍了美国联邦公路局（FHWA）支持的动态交通分配（DTA）研究项目的发展概况。FHWA启动DTA项目的目标是研发一套可实际应用的实时交通信息估计与预测系统(TrEPS)，其中提供的交通估计与预测信息可用于动态交通管理，以满足智能交通系统（ITS）的信息需要。讨论了DTA项目，ErEPS在FHWA的战略规划和美国国家ITS体系结构中的地位，ErEPS的用户，以及其研究、开发、实施概况；提出了在我国发展类似系统的一些建议，包括实现ErEPS原型的本地化、引入各向异性交通流模型及混合交通仿真法以改善TrEPS的性能等。     

我国高速公路管理模式的探讨

高速公路良好的运营管理模式不仅能够提高自身的经济效益,减轻沉重的还贷压力,还能充分发挥高速公路的社会效益,使其更好地为国民经济服务.所以,探讨构建一套适合我国国情的高速公路运营管理模式显得尤为必要和迫切.     

�й����ܽ�ͨϵͳ���۷����о�

文章是国家“十五”科技攻关重点课题的部分研究成果，分析了ITS在国内外的发展现状以及存在的差异，指出在我国研究ITS 评价的必要性；进一步基于ITS 及其项目评价的特点与难点分析研究，应用霍尔三维结构构筑了ITS评价的三维框架，提出了面向对象的ITS评价方法，以及成本效益分析方法和成本效果分析方法，并讨论了各自的实用性。最后分析了ITS 评价的未来发展趋势，指出实验交通工程学在ITS 评价中的重要作用。     

������ͨ������Ӫ��֯�����ϵͳ�о�

首先提出了区域运营组织与调度的概念。并对支持区域运营组织与调度的关键技术即运营作业计划自动编织系统的开发,车辆运行定位、监控系统及其支持平台的开发,公交区域运营辅助调度系统和乘客信息服务系统的开发等应用系统及支持平台做了进一步描述。在论文最后,对运营组织与调度区域化的效益进行了分析。     

出口集装箱堆场取箱作业优化模型研究

集装箱装卸效率直接影响船舶靠港停泊时间，倒箱操作是影响装卸效率的主要因素．文中建立了龙门式起重机小车取箱作业优化模型，以龙门式起重机取箱作业时倒箱数量最少为目标，以各个取箱阶段为节点、以取箱代价为边的权数，应用最小生成树和启发式算法对优化模型进行求解,根据最小生成树的性质，本模型可获得倒箱数最少的优化装船顺序，提高装卸作业的效率．     

再液化系统在LNG船上的实际应用

LNG船存在的突出问题是LNG吸收外界热量挥发而造成货损,而利用再液化装置将挥发的低温天然气(Boil Off Gas,简称BOG)重新冷凝液化并输送回液货舱是目前LNG船处理BOG的主要方式之一。文中首先介绍了再液化原理及分类;然后对全部再液化系统的设备组成、工作流程及操作模式在LNG船上的应用进行分析;最后,展望了未来LNG船安装再液化系统的应用趋势。     

Modification of the Highway Capacity Manual two‐lane highway analysis procedure for Spanish conditions

The US Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) methodology is used in Spain to evaluate traffic operation and quality of service. The effect of passing manoeuvre on two‐lane highway operational performance is considered through adjustment factors to average travel speeds and percent time spent following. The procedure is largely based on simulations in TWOPAS and passing behaviours observed during US calibrations in the 1970s. It is not clear whether US driving behaviour and vehicles' performance are comparable with Spanish conditions. The objective of this research is to adapt the HCM 2010 methodology to Spanish driver behaviour, for base conditions (i.e. no passing restrictions). To do so, TWOPAS was calibrated and validated based on current Spanish passing field data. The calibration used a genetic algorithm. The case study included an ideal two‐lane highway with varying directional traffic flow rate, directional split and percentage of trucks. The updated methodology for base conditions is simpler than the current HCM 2010 and does not rely on interpolation from tables. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modeling traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit left‐turn yielding rules with an enhanced cell transmission model

This paper presents an enhanced cell transmission model (CTM) to capture traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules (i.e. aggressive permissive left‐turn maneuvers may not necessarily yield to opposing through traffic), which can be widely observed in many developing countries. Different from previous studies that focus on traffic dynamics on approaching links, this study contributes to modeling traffic operations within the intersection. A novel cell transmission framework with various types of virtual cells is proposed to model the dynamics of traffic movements from approach to exit. The unique phenomenon of competitive occupying of the conflict point between the left turn and opposing through movements is modeled. The cell state indicating its blockage is proposed to capture the dynamic queue formulation and dissipation and to evaluate the operational traffic performance at the intersection. Field validation results show that the proposed model can capture the operation of traffic at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules with significantly higher level of accuracy than traditional traffic flow models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the implementation of an auxiliary pantograph for speed increase on existing lines

The contact between pantograph and catenary at high speeds suffers from high dynamic contact force variation due to stiffness variations and wave propagation. To increase operational speed on an existing catenary system, especially for soft catenary systems, technical upgrading is usually necessary. Therefore, it is desirable to explore a more practical and cost-saving method to increase the operational speed. Based on a 3D pantograph–catenary finite element model, a parametric study on two-pantograph operation with short spacing distances at high speeds shows that, although the performance of the leading pantograph gets deteriorated, the trailing pantograph feels an improvement if pantographs are spaced at a proper distance. Then, two main positive effects, which can cause the improvement, are addressed. Based on a discussion on wear mechanisms, this paper suggests to use the leading pantograph as an auxiliary pantograph, which does not conduct any electric current, to minimise additional wear caused by the leading pantograph. To help implementation and achieve further improvement under this working condition, this paper investigates cases with optimised uplift force on the leading pantograph and with system parameter deviations. The results show that the two positive effects still remain even with some system parameter deviations. About 30% of speed increase should be possibly achieved still sustaining a good dynamic performance with help of the optimised uplift force.