An approach to estimation of near-surface turbulence and CO2 transfer velocity from remote sensing data

The air–sea CO₂ exchange is primarily determined by the boundary-layer processes in the near-surface layer of the ocean since it is a water-side limited gas. As a consequence, the interfacial component of the CO₂ transfer velocity can be linked to parameters of turbulence in the near-surface layer of the ocean. The development of remote sensing techniques provides a possibility to quantify the dissipation of the turbulent kinetic energy in the near-surface layer of the ocean and the air–sea CO₂ transfer velocity on a global scale. In this work, the dissipation rate of the turbulent kinetic energy in the near-surface layer of the ocean and its patchiness has been linked to the air–sea CO₂ transfer velocity with a boundary-layer type model. Field observations of upper ocean turbulence, laboratory studies, and the direct CO₂ flux measurements are used to validate the model. The model is then forced with the TOPEX POSEIDON wind speed and significant wave height to demonstrate its applicability for estimating the distribution of the near-surface turbulence dissipation rate and gas transfer velocity for an extended (decadal) time period. A future version of this remote sensing algorithm will incorporate directional wind/wave data being available from QUIKSCAT, a now-cast wave model, and satellite heat fluxes. The inclusion of microwave imagery from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) will provide additional information on the fractional whitecap coverage and sea surface turbulence patchiness.     

勘测设计一体化中工经专业数据接口方案探讨

通过勘测设计一体化工经专业基础数据及接口方案的研究，对工经专业基础数据结构设计及专业间接口提出了3个方案并进行分析探讨。     

地铁直流牵引供电系统中的di/dt和ΔI保护

通过广州地铁直流牵引系统非金属性短路故障保护的实现，分析了电流上升率di/dt和电流增量ΔI保护原理和动作过程，给出了保护整定原则以及广州地铁1500V直流断路器的整定参数。     

铁路客运专线供电自动化系统关键技术研究

客运专线高速、高密度的运行方式对铁路供电提出了新的要求.本文在分析现有铁路供电方式和运行模式的基础上,采用最新的计算机控制和通信技术,提出了客运专线供电自动化系统的体系结构,提高了铁路供电的可靠性,缩短了故障处理的时间,达到了减员增效的目的.文章在对系统可靠性进行定性分析的基础上,采用故障树分析法和蒙特卡罗算法进行了定量分析,得到量化指标;同时,对客运专线供电系统中的专家系统和数据接口的统一进行了研究,对系统的设计、施工、安装调试和维护提出了新的要求.     

ZPW-2000A型无绝缘移频轨道电路补偿方案研究

在现场的应用中,ZPW-2000A型无绝缘移频轨道电路在安全性和可靠性方面有着显著优势,但其分路特性的改善是需要关注的问题。采用电平衰耗法的计算方法,对无补偿电容、有补偿电容和有最佳补偿电容时的无绝缘轨道电路的分路特性进行分析,并用Matlab软件仿真得到轨面各点的分路灵敏度和分路残压比较结果。结果表明,补偿电容对轨道电路的分路特性有明显的改善作用,而找到最佳补偿电容值对轨道电路进行补偿,不但能同时保证轨道电路全程可靠分路,并且降低了分路残压,使得无绝缘轨道电路的分路特性更稳定。     

新毕加索轿车刮水电路的原理和典型故障分析

介绍新毕加索轿车刮水电路的组成、工作原理和典型故障。