高液限土在路堤填筑中的改良应用

综合处理应用高液限土进行公路建设,可以避免过大的增加工程造价及保证路基的强度和稳定性,结合广西等地区在这方面的实践情况,介绍了利用隔离排水、掺粗粒土、土石混填等方法综合改良高液限土进行路基填筑的经验,分析探讨其可行性,为今后相似情况下的设计或施工提供一定的借鉴。     

Bolster spring fault detection strategy for heavy haul wagons

An on-board health monitoring system is proposed for heavy haul wagons in this paper including a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) method and an on-line fault diagnose strategy. Such a system, to be feasible on freight wagons, must be sufficiently cheap and robust, hence the design assumes the constraint of using only two accelerometers mounted on the front left and right rear part of each carbody in a heavy haul train. This paper focuses on the detection of bolster spring fault conditions. The problem is made more complex by the modes of failure which might be expected in bolster spring nests. Types of spring failure are firstly identified and discussed covering situations of broken (shortening springs) and softening (individual spring loss from a nest or cross-section loss through corrosion). The effects of these faults and their detectability were investigated using simulations on straight and curved track and using a fully detailed model of a typical 40?t axle-load heavy haul wagon. The simulation results were then examined and compared using cross-correlation analysis and an FDI system was proposed. The FDI system introduced five possible fault indicators. Initial results indicated that it was possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25%. An on-line fault diagnoses strategy is proposed for bolster spring faults which only requires data from wagon monitoring during travel around sharp curves to detect and the occurrence of confirm faults. The functionality envisaged needs only a ‘once per trip’ monitoring site, such as a sharper curve, and is aimed at condition monitoring rather than the provision of alarms or comprehensive monitoring of all events.     

载货车悬置系统优化分析及改进

针对公司某款中型载货车发动机悬置隔振效果差的问题,提出了相对应的解决方案。根据现有车辆实验测定的振动数据和现有软垫的刚度参数,优化悬置系统的参数,应用ADAMS软件的分析优化,并通过振动试验的测定,最终达到优化悬置隔振的目标。为以后的载货车的悬置优化分析计算提供参考依据。     

牛心肌线粒体ADP／ATP载体蛋白的分离及应用

将分离的牛心肌线粒体先与其ＡＤＰ／ＡＴＰ载体蛋白抑制剂苍术苷交联，然后用ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００溶解线粒体膜，经羟基磷灰石离心制得该载体蛋白。用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及生物学方法鉴定，发现所分离的ＡＤＰ／ＡＴＰ载体蛋白分子量约为３０ＫＤ，可作为抗原用于抗该载体蛋白抗体的研究。     

大型邮轮安全管理系统设计

为满足安全返港理念下安全管理系统的设计要求,以安全管理系统设计过程中适用的法规及相关设计要求为基础,分析所有与邮轮安全相关联的接入业务,结合安全管理系统处理流程,提出安全管理系统架构设计方案.设计冗余的配电及通信网络方案,并分析安全返港场景下设计方案潜在的损失情况.     

路面激励下的6700客车动力总成悬置系统性能分析

针对6700客车动力总成悬置系统在路面激励下的隔振性能进行了分析评估。建立了用于动力总成悬置系统性能分析的13自由度整车系统动力学模型,分析了系统的模态属性,重点讨论了考虑路面随机激励下的动力总成振动响应。对悬置系统隔振性能较差的问题进行了分析,找到了问题的主要原因是车架和悬置子系统存在沿Z向激励下的模态耦合。     

Engine mount optimisation for vibration isolation in motorcycles

This paper presents a comprehensive model to capture the in-plane dynamics of a motorcycle system to evaluate the quality of its vibration isolation, and the design of an engine mount system. The model consists of two main structural components, the frame and the swing-arm, as well as the power-train assembly, engine mounts connecting the power-train to the frame, and the front-end assembly. The model accounts for frame and swing-arm flexibility using reduced order finite-element models. The power-train assembly is modelled as a rigid body connected to the frame through the engine mounts and to the swing-arm through a shaft assembly. The engine mounts are modelled as tri-axial spring-damper systems, and the front-end assembly is modelled as a lumped mass. The complete vehicle model is used to solve the engine mount optimisation problem, so as to minimise the total force transmitted to the frame while meeting packaging and other constraints. The mount system parameters – stiffness, position and orientation vectors – are used as design variables for the optimisation problem. The imposed loads include forces and moments due to engine imbalance as well as loads transmitted due to high amplitude, low frequency bump loads, through the tyre patch. Since packaging constraints play a significant role in a motorcycle layout, it is, therefore, important to determine the displacement envelope of the power-train under extreme loading conditions to ensure clearance with other components around the power-train. A motorcycle mount system should ideally be able to isolate the frame under steady-state loading conditions and at the same time limit the maximum excursion of the power-train under transient loading conditions.     

Root mean square optimization criterion for vibration behaviour of linear quarter car using analytical methods

In this paper, a linear two-degree-of-freedom quarter car model is used to derive a number of analytical formulae describing the dynamic behaviour of passively suspended vehicles running on a harmonically bumped road. The linearity of the system allows us to analytically investigate the steady-state response characteristics. We derive analytical expressions for the root mean square (RMS) of the sprung mass absolute acceleration and relative displacement. This paper demonstrates the shortcomings of existing classical optimization methods. Hence we introduce a new optimization method based on minimizing the absolute acceleration RMS with respect to the relative displacement RMS. The RMS optimization method is applied for the symbolic derivation of analytical formulae featuring the best compromise among conflicting performance indices pertaining to the vehicle suspension system, i.e., sprung mass acceleration and working space. The proposed optimization technique is utilized to find the optimal damping and stiffness curves for the main suspension. The RMS optimal values are used to create design charts for suspension parameters, which are very useful particularly in the presence of physical constraints such as a limit on relative displacement. We introduce a numerical example to illustrate the optimality of the obtained solutions.     

浮筏隔振系统有限元模型中基座的等效方法

在浮筏隔振系统中,由于实际基座模型和边界条件比较复杂,其有限元模型通常难以建立。提出基座的等效方法,首先测试基座安装点的原点导纳和传递导纳,然后根据有效点导纳的方法,将各安装点之间的耦合进行简化,将基座等效为多个独立的支撑单元,构成浮筏隔振系统完整的有限元模型。建立等效的浮筏隔振系统有限元模型,估算等效前后两种浮筏隔振系统有限元模型的隔振效果,等效模型的计算结果与参考模型较一致,不论是振级落差的总体趋势还是峰值点,都比较吻合,计算出的振级落差总级相差1.5 dB左右,可以满足工程实际要求。     

舰载平面阵天线布置中的电磁兼容性问题及控制措施

以平面阵天线为射频集成系统的典型研究对象,从电磁兼容性层面分别研究平面阵天线装舰的电磁特性、平面阵天线与传统离散天线装舰布置方式的区别,以及平面阵天线间主要的电磁干扰耦合方式。分析并提出阵面天线的应用将使得高场强分布由离散的舰面分布,改变为集中分布并向高空间发展,呈现出立体分布特性;改变原来天线的隔离度特性,将产生新的强近场环境的电磁干扰特征,对舰载天线和电子设备的优化布置产生重大影响。为解决平面阵天线带来的新问题,必须突破的关键技术将涉及辐射源、耦合途径和敏感设备的电磁分析、建模和试验验证等方面,电磁分析需要计入舰船物理环境和天线布置状态的影响。同时,在平面阵天线的优化布置尚无相关标准可依的情况下,可以先通过试验获取不同条件下天线间隔离度数据作为参考,并通过抑制表面波传输等手段进一步控制电磁兼容性。此外,还需加强对上层建筑的空间和频谱的管理,防止各平面阵天线间的相互干扰。