电缆沟穿越基坑条件下的保护施工技术

该文以某地下车库工程为实例,介绍了基坑施工在管线穿越的情况下,采用高压摆喷桩和SMW工法相结合的围护设计、型钢支架架空管线的方案,以及支撑拆除过程中的管线保护措施,有效地保护了管线,降低了建设的成本,加快了工程的进度。     

横风下高速列车非定常空气动力特性研究

通过大涡模拟(LES)数值计算方法,对均匀定常横风下高速列车的非定常空气动力特性进行了研究。计算得到横风下列车车体所受空气动力的时域及频域特性、列车周围非定常流动结构及相应非定常流场特性。对计算结果分析表明,即使在均匀定常横风下,列车所受空气动力也存在明显的非定常性。对于所研究车型,这种非定常空气动力的特征频率出现在11 Hz以下,并且主要峰值集中在0~3 Hz区间,这与列车系统本身的固有振动模态频率接近,存在横风引起列车系统共振,进而发生列车倾覆的可能;同时研究表明,横风下列车周围流场非定常特性与列车所受非定常空气动力特性在频域中存在对应关系,可以通过测量非定常流场确定列车非定常空气动力特性。     

基于曲率感知的高速公路隧道弯道路段调控方法研究

为定量分析高速公路隧道弯道路段不同半径条件下,线形诱导标志和反光环对驾驶员曲率感知的影响,基于室内仿真试验,选取20 名驾驶员作为被试,分别测量驾驶员在不同试验场景条件下的弯道错觉程度,并对试验数据展开分析。试验结果表明: 1)采用线形诱导标志的隧道弯道视线诱导方法,驾驶员弯道错觉表现为高估弯道半径,且仅在半径为200~400 m 条件下,具有较好的诱导效果,弯道错觉程度小于7%;同时,驾驶员的弯道错觉程度与隧道弯道半径显著正相关,与线形诱导标志的可见个数显著负相关。2)采用反光环的隧道弯道视线诱导方法,驾驶员的弯道错觉程度仅与反光环的可见个数存在显著负相关,且随着可见反光环布设个数的增多(4~6 个),会导致驾驶员低估半径的错觉程度过大(>-20%),不利于驾驶员安全行车。3)在隧道弯道路段(200~1 800 m),当可见反光环为3 个时,不同半径下的弯道错觉程度均小于布设线形诱导标志的方案(小于5%)。因此,采用在隧道弯道路段布设3 个可见反光环的方法更有利于提高驾驶员的曲率感知能力。     

Understanding How Policy Actors Improvise and Collaborate in the Great Barrier Reef

Complex policy frameworks guide the management of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) at multiple decision-making levels. Mounting pressure on its outstanding universal value suggests that further improvements in governance are required. There has been little examination of the role of policy actors in addressing complex governance challenges in large scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs) involving multi-layered governance conflicts across diverse contexts. Framed by street level bureaucracy, pragmatic planning theory, and lessons from MPA governance, this paper examines how policy actors improvised and collaborated to advance outcomes in the GBR LSMPA. We assessed practice-focused oral histories with experienced policy actors who negotiated agreements and achieved policy outcomes in the GBR between 1985 and 2016. These policy actors were skilled improvisers, alternating between roles as democratisers, mediators, and negotiators. They used collaboration and facilitative leadership to advance policy in the face of governance problems. This enabled them to adapt policy across multi-level decision systems, address power and information imbalances, and generally deal with conflict and uncertainty. A deeper understanding of improvisation will assist governments and others to address complex challenges in LSMPAs.     

城际铁路与地下道路共构设计大断面方案比选

为合理确定城际铁路与地下道路共构设计时隧道匝道汇入主体结构的大断面方案,采用有限元计算软件Midas Civil分别对平顶顶板、折板形顶板及拱形顶板3种方案进行建模计算,分别对不同方案的位移、应力、弯矩等进行分析。结果表明,拱形顶板与折板形顶板的受力性能均优于平顶顶板,且刚度增大,应力分布合理,弯矩值大幅度减少。综合考虑施工难易程度、工程量等因素,结论是选用折板形式作为隧道与城际铁路合建段大断面的顶板施工方案,具有结构受力合理、施工技术成熟、工程造价可控三大优势。     

可视化技术在港工结构稳定性研究中的应用

可视化技术能够以突出的细节画面再现实验或模拟的过程和结果,使研究人员观察到数据中的隐含现象,进而深入分析实验的结果。利用Dephi编程,以"沉入式大直径圆筒结构施工期稳定性实验研究"的数据和结论为例,应用可视化技术研究开发了可视化软件。该软件可以判断在施工期大圆筒是否满足稳定性的要求,可将数值模拟或物理实验的过程和结果在屏幕上动态地显示出来。     

大断面连拱隧道施工要点探讨

分析大断面连拱隧道的工程特点,总结其主要施工方法和注意事项,对今后公路隧道施工提供参考。     

武汉阳逻长江公路大桥主塔设计

结合武汉阳逻长江公路大桥设计及施工过程,对主塔的结构构造、受力计算及施工方案作重点介绍。     

渝湛高速公路东坡岭立交桥外观质量控制技术

详细介绍了东坡岭立交桥对外观质量的控制施工技术.对各个墩台身施工关键环节进行介绍,保证桥梁墩台身外观质量取得了一些经验和教训,对墩台身外观质量控制具有一定的参考价值.     

On the hydroelastic responses of a very large floating structure in waves

New numerical methods are presented for hydroelastic analyses of a very large floating structure (VLFS) of several kilometers length and width. Several methods are presented that accelerate computation without an appreciable loss of accuracy. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed methods are validated through comparisons with other numerical results as well as with existing experimental results. After confirming the effectiveness of the methods presented, various characteristics of the hydroelastic behavior of VLFSs are examined, using the proposed methods as numerical tools. Received for publication on Dec. 3, 1999; accepted on Dec. 15, 1999