桩土作用下缺陷大管桩单桩极限承载力理论计算

码头大管桩出现的不同类型缺陷,如混凝土脱落和钢筋锈蚀,会造成码头承载能力下降。基于完整桩-土体系的荷载传递理论,推导获得缺陷桩剩余极限承载力的计算公式。依托工程实践,考察混凝土剥落和钢筋锈蚀这两种缺陷类型对单桩极限承载力的影响,并得出相应结论：混凝土剥落位置对单桩竖向极限承载力和单桩抗拔极限承载力有影响,混凝土剥落位置位于土层内部会减小单桩竖向极限承载力和单桩抗拔极限承载力,单桩竖向极限承载力减小0.07%,单桩抗拔极限承载力减小1.72%;但对桩身竖向承载力却不同,混凝土缺损对桩身轴心受压承载力减小25.65%,钢筋损失对桩身竖向承载力减小20.95%。混凝土缺损比钢筋缺损对桩身各项承载力的影响要大得多。     

Time-variant ultimate longitudinal strength of corroded bulk carriers

Many bulk carrier losses have been reported of late, and one of the possible causes of such casualties is thought to be the structural failure of aging hulls in rough weather. In aging ships, corrosion and fatigue cracks are the two most important factors affecting structural safety and integrity. This paper uses a set of the time-dependent corrosion wastage models for 23 different member locations/categories of bulk carriers previously developed by the authors, based on the available corrosion measurements for existing large bulk carrier structures. Differences due to the location and corrosion severity of every member type are taken into account. The nominal design corrosion values for the primary members are suggested based on the annualized corrosion rates obtained in the present study. The effect of time-variant corrosion wastage on the ultimate hull girder strength as well as the section moduli is studied. The criteria for repair and maintenance of heavily corroded structural members so as to keep the ultimate longitudinal strength at an acceptable level are discussed. Important insights and conclusions developed are summarized.     

城市快速公交专用道道路线形设计分析

以汽车的动力特性和通过特性为理论依据,根据目前快速公交专用车辆大都采用低地板大型铰接底地板车辆的现状,结合其容量比一般普通公交大得多的特点,对快速公交专用道的道路线形设计进行分析,提出设计方法。     

穿越陡坎地形的偏压黄土隧道大变形时空特征研究

针对黄土隧道开挖这一施工领域中的难题,依托地坑院隧道,对隧道穿越沿线地质地形的施工风险进行分析,同时基于监控量测数据,对典型横断面和纵向段的初期支护变形规律进行研究,得出初期支护沿时空分布的变形特征。分析结果表明: 1)围岩变形持续时间长、变形速率大,有时具有突变性; 2)初期支护横断面收敛不均,纵向变形与断面距掌子面距离直接相关; 3)隧道变形受地形、地下水和施工的影响较大。根据现场围岩大变形规律针对性地制定相关控制措施,研究成果可为现场施工提供技术性指导。     

微机及载波控制逆变CO_2焊机的应用前景

通过对载波控制技术在焊机上的应用的研究,集成微机控制技术、IGBT逆变焊机节能技术,研发新型高效节能的微机及载波控制逆变CO2焊机,其效率比传统的硅整流CO2焊机提高30%以上;比传统的IGBT逆变CO2焊机节电10%,效率达到95%.因此,它为耗能巨大的电焊作业提供了节能降耗重要途径.可见这种技术先进、功能强大、人机界面友好、性价比甚高的微机及载波控制的逆变CO2焊机必将成为船舶高效焊接重要的工艺装备.     

A Practice-Based Coupling of the Precautionary Principle to the Large Marine Ecosystem Fisheries Management Concept with a Policy Orientation: The Northeast United States Continental Shelf as a Case Example

This article addresses interdisciplinary sustainable aspects of fisheries as part of ocean management. Human-caused impacts and their role as modifiers of living marine resources is discussed. The research note also theorizes about contemporary global change and its prospective biological consequences, especially when coupled with human-induced factors in coastal marine waters. Also addressed is the management and ecological aspects of fish stock populations as part of a large marine ecosystem (LME) in the Northeast United States continental shelf of the Atlantic Ocean with suggestions for an interdisciplinary policy orientation paradigm to foster the sustainability of marine life in the sea.     

盾构直接切除大直径桩基的试验与工程实践

为研究盾构直接切削大直径桩基的可行性、评价滚刀和切刀的切桩性能、获取盾构切桩的关键掘进控制参数，进行盾构直接切削大直径桩基的模型试验。研究结果表明： 1)盾构切除大直径桩基宜采用“低推进速度，高转速”的磨桩方式，刀盘推进速度建议取3~5 mm/min，刀盘转速建议取1.0~1.2 r/min； 2)滚刀对混凝土的切削效果较好，切刀对钢筋的切削效果较好； 3)混凝土强度越高，滚刀对钢筋的切割效应越好； 4)滚刀切桩时，刀盘轴向振动作用明显，在低推进速度和低转速下，其刀盘的振动小于切刀切桩时刀盘的振动; 5)切刀切桩时，刀盘环向振动强烈，在高推进速度下刀盘易卡顿，提高转速可减少刀盘卡顿。     

高墩大跨连续刚构桥的长效监测方法研究

以福建海西高速公路桐山溪特大桥为背景工程,对高墩大跨连续刚构桥的长期下挠问题、下挠特性、结构性能展开研究,提出一种高墩大跨连续钢构桥的长效监测方法,保证了桐山溪特大桥运营的安全性、完整性、适用性和耐久性,为大跨径预应力混凝土梁桥的长期使用和进一步应用提供理论和技术支持。     

大型旅客站房概算编制的探讨

目前国内大型客站的站房工程（含雨棚）多为铁路部门和地方政府合作建设，地方政府一般按一定的比例承担投资。但站房工程包括的具体工程内容和总费用在“113号”文中没有一个明确的界定，因此出资方对各自承担的费用有不同的理解。此文从站房工程的投资构成、定额采用、各项工程费用标准的选用、其他费用计取这几个方面对大型旅客站房概算编制进行初步探讨，列出大型旅客站房概算的编制框架。     

大风天气下洋山港超大型船舶撤离泊位方法研究

根据洋山港自然、地理条件,运用目前在航道论证方面已经比较成熟的船舶操纵模拟器,有针对性地对大风天气下靠泊超大型船舶安全撤离泊位方法进行了研究;根据所选8000 TEU超大型集装箱船舶的模拟船型撤离泊位进行模拟实验的结果和在对实验数据充分、系统分析的基础上,提出了超大型船舶安全撤离泊位的具体方法,为洋山港超大型集装箱船舶在大风天气下安全撤离泊位提供比较科学的参考依据。