在役公铁桁架桥梁加宽改建结构安全与线形监测技术研究

以松浦大桥改建为背景,分析了桁架梁桥改建的施工监控特点,建立了老桥施工监控以结构安全控制为主,新、旧结构的适配性控制为辅的总体控制思路,研究了相应的监测与控制方法.针对支座更换施工阶段,对支座反力和主桁架动力特性进行识别,并与理论计算结果进行对比,验证与评估结构总体的技术状况.此外,开发应用了基于“互联网+”的监控数据...     

A generic data assimilation framework for vehicle trajectory reconstruction on signalized urban arterials using particle filters

With trajectory data, a complete microscopic and macroscopic picture of traffic flow operations can be obtained. However, trajectory data are difficult to observe over large spatiotemporal regions—particularly in urban contexts—due to practical, technical and financial constraints. The next best thing is to estimate plausible trajectories from whatever data are available. This paper presents a generic data assimilation framework to reconstruct such plausible trajectories on signalized urban arterials using microscopic traffic flow models and data from loops (individual vehicle passages and thus vehicle counts); traffic control data; and (sparse) travel time measurements from whatever source available. The key problem we address is that loops suffer from miss- and over-counts, which result in unbounded errors in vehicle accumulations, rendering trajectory reconstruction highly problematic. Our framework solves this problem in two ways. First, we correct the systematic error in vehicle accumulation by fusing the counts with sparsely available travel times. Second, the proposed framework uses particle filtering and an innovative hierarchical resampling scheme, which effectively integrates over the remaining error distribution, resulting in plausible trajectories. The proposed data assimilation framework is tested and validated using simulated data. Experiments and an extensive sensitivity analysis show that the proposed method is robust to errors both in the model and in the measurements, and provides good estimations for vehicle accumulation and vehicle trajectories with moderate sensor quality. The framework does not impose restrictions on the type of microscopic models used and can be naturally extended to include and estimate additional trajectory attributes such as destination and path, given data are available for assimilation.     

新建地铁车站零距离下穿既有线区间影响分析

暗挖隧道下穿既有地铁施工,势必会引起既有地铁结构附加变形和差异沉降,影响其结构及运营安全,需要进行变形和内力分析,以便采取必要保护措施.文章以某暗挖车站密贴下穿既有地铁区间为例,采用FLAC3D和SAP 2000模拟,分析既有地铁区间变形和内力发展规律,评价结构和运营安全受影响的程度,为安全保护提供决策依据.     

冲击压实工艺在客运专线施工中的应用

文章以新建的武汉-广州铁路客运专线施工工程为例,对冲击压实工艺试验的检测结果进行分析,介绍了冲击压实作用机理及施工工艺,同时针对不同的冲击压实的适用范围提出了建议。     

埋地输油管道在线大修安全开挖距离分析

对于埋地管道,大修时保证安全开挖是非常重要的。综合考虑管道挖开修复段的长度、沿管线分布的土壤特性、输送油品的物性、管道压力以及重埋后受力情况等相关因素,建立了管道挖开情况下的力学模型。根据模型的特点,计算出开挖时管道的最大综合应力,从而确定管道开挖的安全长度。     

Real-time automatic rescheduling strategy for an urban rail line by integrating the information of fault handling

In the operation of urban rails, faults are inevitable, which leads to deviation between the actual timetable and the planned timetable. In nowadays, timetable rescheduling strategies rarely integrate the information of fault handling. In this paper, we develop a real-time automatic rescheduling strategy, which integrates the dynamic information of fault handling. The rescheduled timetable is obtained by a mathematical optimization model, the constraints set of which is automatically generated and adjusted as more information of fault handling is feedback. Compared with the experience-based rescheduling methods, the automatic rescheduling strategy reacts more quickly, and uses the information of fault handling more efficiently. A simulation system for testing the automatic rescheduling strategy is built, which uses the data of the Beijing Yizhuang metro line. Via testing on the simulation system, the effectiveness and efficiency of the automatic rescheduling strategy are validated.     

高速公路改扩建作业区的合理布设

目前我国相关规范并没有对高速公路改扩建作业区的布设做出相应的规定,施工中的一些不合理设置大大降低了作业区的通行能力和运行效率,并且存在诸多安全隐患。针对这一问题,运用交通仿真技术对双向四车道高速公路基本路段的通行能力以及作业区各主要控制区段（如预告段、合流段等）的长度进行研究分析,得到高速公路改扩建期作业区的长度设置标准和布设要求,为今后高速公路改扩建工程作业区的设置提供参考。     

高速挖掘机液压管道曲面重建及其奇异性探讨

论述了军用高速挖掘机液压系统弯曲异径管道NURBS曲面以及复杂管道曲面的重建方法.分析了管道曲面中存在的奇异情形,探讨了管道曲面发生自交的条件和对曲面重建的影响,给出了管道曲面非奇异的充分和必要条件,并确定了控制重建中各种管路弯曲的最小曲率半径,对液压系统中复杂走向管道间的相交干涉条件问题提出了解决对策.     

老旧居住区改造设计浅谈

"老旧居住区改造",就是对功能、设施已经严重落后的住宅小区进行翻新,以及对所在区域进行改造,使居住质量得到提高、价值得以提升的一种城市建设活动。"老旧居住区改造"决不是简单地对旧建筑进行加固翻新,而是要给老旧居住区实行一次大型的"外科手术",使其成为一个能够提供高品质生活的、与时代脉搏共振的新型社区。该文通过对和平小区改造工程设计的简要描述,提出了新时期老旧小区改造的思路和方向,对类似老旧居住区的改造有一定借鉴作用。     

对HCM2000中有关立交匝道与主线分合流点服务水平测算方法的研习与工程实践

立交的分合流点通行能力分析是立交通行能力分析的重要组成部分,其中主线与匝道的分合流点是研究的主要对象。对于此类的研究文章较多,方法不一。该文根据新版的《道路通行能力手册》(简称HCM2000)所阐述的方法,结合国内立交设计的实际情况,以及工作中通常所使用的流量数据,对该方法进行简化、归纳,并运用于实际工程。