Eco-design of transportation in sustainable supply chain management: A DEA-like method

This study addresses the issue of eco-design for transportation in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is adopted and extended to construct a model for this application. This proposed model, together with the tractable algorithm developed in this research, can provide stakeholders with a Pareto Optimal transportation strategy. This derived transportation strategy can help stakeholders realize certain transportation goals with less resource consumption and pollution emission. The discussion presented leads to a heuristic Joint Transportation Policy and concludes with two useful suggestions for putting the strategy into practice. The proposed model was used in an empirical study of design sustainable transportation mechanism for one air-condition manufacturer in China to transport its products as well, the analysis further demonstrating the theoretical and practical value of this research.     

遵小铁路运输宽城砂石骨料市场竞争力探讨

按照国家及地方推进运输结构调整要求,砂石骨料作为建材市场的大宗货物,基于遵小铁路续扩建工程,宽城的砂石骨料积极推进其供给侧改革及运输"公转铁",加快实现公路运输方式向铁路运输方式的转变。在阐述砂石骨料市场、遵小铁路运输市场、遵小铁路运输径路的基础上,通过构建砂石骨料市场竞争力模型,对京津冀区域砂石骨料市场竞争力进行分析。结果表明,宽城砂石骨料经遵小铁路外运至京津冀区域具备市场竞争力。最后从提高砂石骨料生产品质、加强砂石骨料运输组织、铁路实施差异化运价等方面对提高遵小铁路运输宽城砂石骨料市场竞争力进行探讨,为资源型城市发展砂石骨料绿色生产及运输提供借鉴。     

The evaluation of transportation energy efficiency: An application of three-stage virtual frontier DEA

In this paper, transportation energy efficiency is newly defined and its inputs and outputs are obtained through literature review. Labor input, capital input and energy input are selected as the inputs, passenger turnover volume and freight turnover volume are defined as the outputs. A new model—three-stage virtual frontier DEA (three-stage virtual frontier Data Envelopment Analysis) is proposed to evaluate transportation energy efficiencies. The case of thirty Chinese PARs (provincial administrative regions) from 2003 to 2012 is applied to verify its rationality. In the three-stage virtual frontier DEA, the reference DMU (decision-making unit) set and the evaluated DMU set are two different sets so that it can distinguish the DEA efficient DMUs. And in the evaluating process, the reference DMU set remains unchanged to assure its results more reasonable than Super DEA model. The results show that transport structure and management measures have important impacts on transportation energy efficiency.     

A GIS‐based traffic analysis zone design: implementation and evaluation

The purpose of this paper is to implement an efficient method for GIS‐based traffic analysis zone (TAZ) design in order to evaluate and validate such a method. The method was developed by the authors.

Moran's I spatial autocorrelation coefficient and sample variance are used for evaluating the generated TAZs using the Champaign‐Urbana, IL region as a case study. Sensitivity analysis is also conducted to explore the fluctuations in TAZ generation outcomes. The evaluation, the validation as well as the TAZ design have been implemented with ARC/INFO GIS software on a UNIX workstation platform.     

网闸在昆明铁路局TD结合升级改造中的应用

概述TDCS、TMIS以及TD结合的基本概念，介绍了网闸的概念及实现原理，指出了昆明铁路局TD结合的现状、存在的主要问题以及应用网闸的升级改造方案。旨在通过网闸在昆明铁路局TD结合的应用，为今后TD结合新的方案提供一些借鉴。     

深圳市公交信息查询系统的设计与实现

针对当前公交查询系统存在的缺点，从系统功能、数据库设计、查询算法几个方面对深圳市公交信息查询系统进行研究。该系统采用VISUALBASIC6．0为开发工具，MICROSOFT ACCESS2003为后台数据库，实现了公交站点信息查询、公交线路信息查询，公交线路换乘查询和地图显示等一系列功能。     

A new approach for evaluating regional exposure to particulate matter emissions from motor vehicles

Exposure to fine particulate matter from vehicle exhaust is associated with increased health risk. This study develops a new approach for creating spatially detailed regional maps of fine particulate matter concentration from vehicle exhaust using a dispersion model to better evaluate these risks. The spatial extent, diurnal, and seasonal patterns of concentration fields across Los Angeles County, California are evaluated and population exposure and exposure equity by race and income are investigated. The results demonstrate how this modeling approach can create new knowledge about vehicle emissions exposure. This approach also provides a method for proactively screening out regional plans, or specific projects within these plans, that are likely to cause air quality concerns. A proactive and regional air quality assessment can identify potential problems earlier in the planning process and a wider range of solutions, saving time, money and protecting public health. The detailed concentration maps can also be used to improve the siting of regulatory air quality monitors and provide more accurate exposure data for epidemiology studies.     

Innovation strategy in new transportation systems: The case of Crossrail

This article examines how innovation can be strategically incorporated into transportation systems. Large transportation systems generally have a poor record in systematically integrating innovation in their development, construction and operation. Our research setting is Crossrail, a major new railway traversing London, where the creation and implementation of an innovation strategy formalized and systemized its approach to innovation. Based on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with project leaders and participant observation, the paper critically analyses the formulation, implementation and performance of Crossrail’s innovation strategy. Crossrail’s management explicitly uses an ‘open innovation’ strategy that incentivizes partners, contractors, and clients to innovate in the project. Its strategy guides decisions and priorities on innovation and the types and levels of innovation that best match project aims. The paper holds lessons for those developing, operating and studying large transportation systems both now and into the future.     

Transportation habits: Evidence from time diary data

The interdisciplinary Time Use Observatory workshops learned that transportation research and social sciences strive for the same multi-day time-diary data in order to make interferences about human habitual (travel) behavior. It also is learned that when it comes to the mathematics and analytics involved both disciplines are miles apart, though both with founded reasons to do so. In brief, transportation research relies on modeling to make predictions whereas social sciences apply statistics to their data to draw conclusions. In line with the interdisciplinary philosophy of the Time Use Observatory workshops, this contribution aims to communicate 30 years of experience in analyzing time-diary data. To do so, it demonstrates the latter by calculation transportation habits and aims to illustrate that multi-day time-diary data might have some additional benefits for computing temporal regularities. It shows that including a flexible notion of both regular tempo (or recurrence) of activities (e.g. every day) and regular timing of activities (e.g. always at 6 am) produces different results for different kind of transportation purposes. It also shows that these calculations using multi-day time-diary data result in an indicator at the individual level that can be analyzed in terms of socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics. This work concludes that partitioning temporal regularities in regular reoccurrence and regular timing is a crucial element of (transportation) habits.