铁路勘测设计一体化站前专业间接口系统探讨

文章在分析铁路勘测设计现状的基础上，阐述了解决勘测设计一体化的中间环节，即站前专业间接口系统的重要性，提出了该系统的运行模式、实现方案，探讨了必须解决的技术难点，经实际运作证明该系统是可行的。     

深圳地铁14号线黄木岗站三线换乘方案研究

深圳地铁14号线黄木岗站与既有7号线、近期规划24号线黄木岗站形成地下三线换乘车站，车站周边环境复杂。如何综合各种边界条件形成建筑功能完善，结构经济安全，同时又对周边环境影响最小的方案是本站研究的重点，特别是车站站位及换乘功能的研究。方案设计过程中，通过逐一梳理地面建筑、地下建(构)筑物、地面交通、片区规划、工程地质条件、客流预测、车站换乘功能等边界条件，总结黄木岗站立交桥安全、交通疏解、管线改迁、结构工法、施工器具选择、车站站位及换乘功能等重难点，采取逐项突破的方法，最终推演出“干”字形节点换乘方案，其中14号线采用地下3层双叠侧式车站，与7号线形成平行同台换乘，与24号线形成台-台换乘。     

城市综合交通调查的规范与创新

城市综合交通调查在中国已有30余年的广泛实践,当前的信息化和大数据背景下正历经发展与变革.在分析城市综合交通调查现状问题的基础上,提出制定《城市综合交通体系规划交通调查导则》(以下简称《导则》)的必要性.从目标与总体框架、调查项目分类、术语定义、调查内容与问题选项分类、调查流程规范几个层面对《导则》的主要思想与关键内容进行解析.提出城市综合交通调查未来发展方向应是将信息化技术与传统调查手段结合,提高调查效率与质量,关注信息化手段未能涵盖的交通特征.     

Optimizing the locations of electric taxi charging stations: A spatial–temporal demand coverage approach

Vehicle electrification is a promising approach towards attaining green transportation. However, the absence of charging stations limits the penetration of electric vehicles. Current approaches for optimizing the locations of charging stations suffer from challenges associated with spatial–temporal dynamic travel demands and the lengthy period required for the charging process. The present article uses the electric taxi (ET) as an example to develop a spatial–temporal demand coverage approach for optimizing the placement of ET charging stations in the space–time context. To this end, public taxi demands with spatial and temporal attributes are extracted from massive taxi GPS data. The cyclical interactions between taxi demands, ETs, and charging stations are modeled with a spatial–temporal path tool. A location model is developed to maximize the level of ET service on the road network and the level of charging service at the stations under spatial and temporal constraints such as the ET range, the charging time, and the capacity of charging stations. The reduced carbon emission generated by used ETs with located charging stations is also evaluated. An experiment conducted in Shenzhen, China demonstrates that the proposed approach not only exhibits good performance in determining ET charging station locations by considering temporal attributes, but also achieves a high quality trade-off between the levels of ET service and charging service. The proposed approach and obtained results help the decision-making of urban ET charging station siting.     

Using the built environment to oversample walk,transit, and bicycle travel

Characteristics of the built environment (BE) have been associated with walk, transit, and bicycle travel. These BE characteristics can be used by transportation researchers to oversample households from areas where walk, transit, or bicycle travel is more likely, resulting in more observations of these uncommon travel behaviors. Little guidance, however, is available on the effectiveness of such built environment oversampling strategies. This article presents measures that can be used to assess the effectiveness of BE oversampling strategies and inform future efforts to oversample households with uncommon travel behaviors. The measures are sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and positive predictive value (PPV). To illustrate these measures, they were calculated for 10 BE-defined oversampling strata applied post-hoc to a Seattle area household travel survey. Strata with an average block size of <10 acres within a ¼ mile of household residences held the single greatest potential for oversampling households that walk, use transit, and/or bicycle.     

Ordered median hub location problems with capacity constraints

The Single Allocation Ordered Median Hub Location problem is a recent hub model introduced in Puerto et al. (2011) that provides a unifying analysis of a wide class of hub location models. In this paper, we deal with the capacitated version of this problem, presenting two formulations as well as some preprocessing phases for fixing variables. In addition, a strengthening of one of these formulations is also studied through the use of some families of valid inequalities. A battery of test problems with data taken from the AP library are solved where it is shown that the running times have been significantly reduced with the improvements presented in the paper.     

内河航道智能微型测量船的设计与应用研究

传统的航道水深测量方式，测量成本较高，而且，很多情况下，由于水浅等原因，较大的常规测量船不能到达，而难以测量．文中介绍了航道水深测量遥控测量船的设计原理和应用情况．遥控船上安装有测量系统，能够实现远程手动遥控测量和按预定航线自动导航测量．该船吃水浅、航速快、稳性好、遥控距离远，有2套动力系统，可远程自由切换，安全性高．2011年投入使用以来，取得了较好的效果．     

Public Perception of Ocean Governance and Marine Resources Management in Taiwan

Understanding public perception of the oceans, and relationship between society and the sea is an important key to the sustainable management of marine resources. This research reports the first population-based survey on Taiwanese public knowledge, attitudes, and actions on marine-related issues. The stratified random sampling by county was completed with 1,120 telephone respondents from October to December 2010. More than 60% of the respondents have heard about global warming, sea-level rising, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, the coral reef bleaching crisis, and Japan whaling fisheries. However, less than 20% of the respondents are aware of Taiwanese domestic marine policies, such as the Ocean White Paper. On resources conservation, 74.7% of the respondents support the bluefin tuna catches regulations and 76.6% agree that the shark fin fisheries will impact shark resources. Education and age are the major affecting variables for resource conservation and knowledge. Higher education and age 40–49 are most supportive of conservation measures. For marine recreational activities, 42.2% of the respondents can swim, and 44.2% of the respondents had not visited the beach in the previous year. The results suggest that the government could establish a specialized agency to strengthen its marine policy and take more actions to protect ocean environment and conserve marine resources. To encourage more Taiwanese to participate in ocean recreational activities, the government could build a safe facility for marine recreation, cooperate with the private sectors in education, and provide outreach to raise public awareness of the oceans.