Using longitudinal methods for analysis of a short-term transportation demonstration project

This paper documents an application of panel, or longitudinal data collection in the evaluation of a TSM (Transportation Systems Management) demonstration project. The project was a four-week demonstration of staggered work hours in downtown Honolulu during February–March 1988. The 4 wave panel survey elicited commuting experiences of approximately 2,000 downtown employees at two week intervals before and during the project. The sample involved both employees who participated in the project by shifting their work hours, and those who did not. The panel survey was augmented by floating-car observations of travel times on major routes into downtown Honolulu on the same four dates.The purpose of the analysis was to determine whether employee commute times were affected, and if so, how these changes were distributed among various employee segments. Two methods were used. First, travel time changes were estimated using paired t-tests. Second, regression equations were used to estimate project time savings as a function of trip length, route, and location of residence. Results show that travel time savings due to the project were typically small, less than ten percent. Nonparticipants experienced greater savings than participants, and some segments of participants experienced longer travel times during the project. The panel method proved to be an effective way to measure project travel time impacts and shows that the method is appropriate in short time applications.Presented at the Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, January 7–11. 1990, Washington, D.C.     

一种新型建筑管理模式Partnering

介绍了Partnering模式的概念、组织结构和工作流程；分析了香港地铁将军澳延长线合同604在建立实施Partnering模式的一些实践做法，说明Partnering模式同样能给国内的建设项目管理带来有益的帮助。     

汽车史应从16世纪始——论世界汽车技术史大观

明确汽车的定义是研究汽车发展史的前提。按照本文所下汽车的定义,16世纪的风帆车是现代汽车的开山鼻祖。1886年是现代活塞式内燃机汽车的开端。 汽车发展史将无限延续于人类社会。内燃机作为汽车动力仍旧如日冲天,生命力强大,但多种动力型式并存的局面已经开始。     

平溃散对实验性胃溃疡模型的影响

作者观察了平溃散对多种实验性胃溃疡模型的作用。结果表明：平溃散可非常显著的对抗束缚应激法和消炎痛加乙醇所致的小鼠胃溃疡；对幽门结扎法及ＨＣｌ损伤法所致大鼠胃溃疡模型也有明显对抗作用。各组分研究表明：平溃散基础方组、全方组、绞股蓝组和沙棘组均有显著的抗溃疡作用，但以全方组抗溃疡作用最佳。     

摩托车电喷发动机转速测量系统的设计

转速是摩托车电喷系统点火和喷油所依据的重要参数之一,转速测量是电喷系统的关键技术。比较器调理电路和555芯片调理电路经过实际调试均能正常工作,但从可靠性和抗干扰角度考虑,555芯片组成的施密特触发器要比比较器电路可靠性高,抗干扰能力强。文中介绍的单片机测量计算转速的2种方案,实践证明准确可行。     

宜万铁路宜昌长江大桥主桥创新技术研究

宜万铁路宜昌长江大桥主桥采用(130 2×275 130)m连续刚构柔性拱组合结构,桥型方案为铁路桥梁首次采用,设计中针对结构构造、受力、施工等特点,采用了多项技术创新,包括桥梁结构、构造和材料等方面。     

和谐交通的伦理构建:系统、结构、层次

构建"和谐交通"是系统性的价值目标,需要以和谐伦理为导向,从宏观上审视现代交通关系的结构及其特征,研究交通主体之间、交通客体之间、交通主客体之间的基本关系及其状态,通过一系列调整优化,使之不断地从冲突走向和谐。     

GM(1,1)模型与指数模型在基桩沉降预测中的应用

以某大型基桩的沉降预测为例,利用灰色系统理论的GM(1,1)与Aeax曲线模型进行基桩在外荷载作用下沉降量的预测。结果表明:两种模型对于呈指数变化规律的系统能获得较好的预测结果;两种模型对基桩累计沉降的预测符合工程实际,对各级荷载作用下的本级沉降预测不够合理。对两种模型关系的研究表明,两者有内在联系,都属指数曲线预测模型,且指数曲线Aeax预测模型比GM(1,1)模型应用起来更简单,方便。     

重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥总体设计

重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥是主跨330 m的世界第一大跨径梁桥,大桥主跨跨中103m梁段采用了钢箱梁结构,这样有效地降低了主梁的弯矩和剪力,正是采取了这样的措施,才使得如此大跨径的桥梁在技术和造价上都切实可行。     

总纵强度耦合作用下船体板架振动计算

船体在海上营运时，船体产生中拱状态弯曲和中垂状态弯曲，所以船体板架是处在复杂弯曲状态。以往船体板架振动计算都忽略了这种影响。本文讨论用有限元方法和原理应用于这类计算，推导了板架局部振动的计算方法，给出了计算实例。通过计算表明，本文方法可用于实际，为舰船振动校核计算提供了手段。