城市轨道交通绿色低碳发展策略

城轨交通是大容量公共交通的基础设施,是城市引导承载低碳出行的骨干交通方式,当前,我国城轨交通 仍处于快速发展阶段,并继续保持增长态势,其能源消耗和碳减排压力仍将与日俱增。在对我国城轨交通发展机遇、 发展现状、工作基础和面临问题分析的基础上,提出城轨交通绿色低碳发展的目标、重点任务和策略,为城轨交通 加快绿色低碳转型、挖掘节能减排潜力、提高能效水平、推进城轨行业做好“碳达峰、碳中和”工作提供借鉴。     

数据挖掘技术在轨道交通AFC系统中的应用

为改善城市轨道交通运营管理水平,提升轨道交通带来的企业经济效益和社会效益,主要探讨将数据挖掘技术应用于轨道交通领域的潜力及其价值。首先,分析目前AFC系统对于数据利用的不足;其次,总结数据挖掘的任务类型、处理过程以及数据挖掘过程中常用的方法,阐述数据挖掘的基本原理;最终,从运营管理的统计和预测两方面需求的角度,深入探讨数据挖掘技术在轨道交通客流、票务、收益、设备等管理内容中的应用前景,并通过实例论证实际运用过程中的可行性。     

城轨交通指挥中心系统故障管理的研究

为了更好地满足城市轨道交通网络各层面的使用需求,城市轨道交通指挥中心系统采用分散控制、集中管理的综合性指挥控制管理模式。以城市轨道交通指挥中心管理模式为基础,设计了一种基于故障树的指挥中心故障管理模型,开发了功能图定义软件,实现了对城市轨道交通指挥中心系统中多条线路、多运营主体的有效管理。     

西安地铁发展面临的挑战与对策

目前,西安地铁事业迈入建设、运营、资源开发"三位一体"的发展转型阶段。从规划建设、运营服务、管理体制等方面深入分析了西安地铁的发展现状,全面梳理了目前面临的问题,提出了促进地铁事业可持续发发展的对策措施。     

宁高高速公路机电工程低碳改造设计方案研究

依托宁高高速公路联网收费改建工程机电分项工程,将绿色低碳设计理念贯穿于设计、施工和运营管理全过程.研究表明,通过LED、太阳能发电等先进节能技术的应用,以及对ETC等交安系统设计、施工组织管理和监控运营管理方法的优化,能够达到显著的节能减排效果.     

Assessing greenhouse gas emissions from port vessel operations at the Port of Incheon

This paper measures greenhouse gas emissions from port vessel operations by considering the case of Korea’s Port of Incheon. It provides estimates of greenhouse gas emissions based on the type and the movement of a vessel from the moment of its arrival, to its docking, cargo handling, and departure. Taking a bottom-up approach based on individual vessels’ characteristics and using data on vessels processed by the port in 2012 estimate emissions. The results indicate that the level of emissions is five times higher than that estimated through the top-down approach. Among various types of vessels, international car ferries are the heaviest emitters, followed by full container vessels and car carriers. A vessel’s passage through lock gates and maneuver to approach the dock accounts for 96% of its emissions. Docking for cargo handling shows the lowest level of GHG emissions.     

苏州轨道交通运营人才培养策略

城市轨道交通建设的最终目标是投入运营,为公众提供高效的出行服务,因此,与之相适应的,必须有一支高素质的运营人才队伍作保证。文章结合苏州轨道交通运营现状,进一步分析探索城市轨道交通企业运营人才的培养方法和途径。     

Reducing emissions through speed optimization in supply vessel operations

This paper examines how optimizing sailing speeds can reduce supply vessels emissions in the upstream supply chain to offshore installations. We introduce several speed optimization strategies to be used in construction of periodic vessel schedules. The strategies consider vessel waiting times before the start of service at installations and at supply base. Tests carried out on real instances from Statoil’s activities on the Norwegian continental shelf indicate that a 25% emissions and fuel cost reductions can be achieved without fleet size increase.     

A transit ridership‐revenue model

The paper outlines the theoretical underpinnings of an urban mass transit revenue and ridership model designed to provide medium term forecasts of future trends in situations of data sparsity. The specific example laid out in the paper relates to the Greater Vancouver Regional District but the framework is of general applicability. Much of the informational input at the initial stage is of a general kind and details of the specific transit system and local area are of the sort which should be readily available to most urban authorities. The model developed is designed for use on a desk‐top micro‐computer and offers an inter‐active method of forecasting. The operator has the facility to both consider fare policy sensitivity and review alternative scenarios about future trends in exogenous factors. A selection of forecasts developed for the GVRD is provided to reveal the main features of the approach.     

Analysis of real-time control strategies in a corridor with multiple bus services

Control strategies have been widely used in the literature to counteract the effects of bus bunching in passenger‘s waiting times and its variability. These strategies have only been studied for the case of a single bus line in a corridor. However, in many real cases this assumption does not hold. Indeed, there are many transit corridors with multiple bus lines interacting, and this interaction affects the efficiency of the implemented control mechanism.This work develops an optimization model capable of executing a control scheme based on holding strategy for a corridor with multiple bus lines.We analyzed the benefits in the level of service of the public transport system when considering a central operator who wants to maximize the level of service for users of all the bus lines, versus scenarios where each bus line operates independently. A simulation was carried out considering two medium frequency bus lines that serve a set of stops and where these two bus lines coexist in a given subset of stops. In the simulation we compared the existence of a central operator, using the optimization model we developed, against the independent operation of each line.In the simulations the central operator showed a greater reduction in the overall waiting time of the passengers of 55% compared to a no control scenario. It also provided a balanced load of the buses along the corridor, and a lower variability of the bus headways in the subset of stops where the lines coexist, thus obtaining better reliability for all types of passengers present in the public transport system.