正交多项式拟合在铁路车站车流分析中的应用

在铁路的日常运输生产中,车流量的统计工作非常规范,资料翔实,但是影响车流的因素也非常复杂。介绍车站的统计分析工作,并利用正交多项式建模,对车流进行拟合分析,最后举例分析,取得满意的效果。     

我国高速铁路列车运行图现状分析

高速铁路列车运行图的质量直接影响高速铁路运营效益,在高速铁路建成分布成网的新形势下,我国高速铁路列车运行图所存在的问题逐渐显现。结合高速铁路列车运行图的编制管理模式、类型及特点,论述我国高速铁路列车运行图所面临的一系列问题,提出构建标准化的编制管理体系,开发基于网络的一体化编图系统。     

A proposal for cost-related and market-oriented train running charges

This paper examines some key aspects of a charging system for promoting railway transport, including charges reflecting a clear relationship with costs (transparency) and charges reflecting the quality of the infrastructure manager's service. Train running charges recover track-related costs and can help to develop a charging system that meets these requirements. To orient train running charges to the market, a method for processing track maintenance and renewal costs is proposed whereby the quality of the service provided by an infrastructure is measured according to its utility to the railway undertaking. To achieve transparency, a single indicator is used for cost planning and the subsequent levying of costs on railway undertakings. The paper includes an example of how proposed train running charges would be calculated according to data from 14 European countries. The example shows that short-distance trains generate the lowest maintenance and renewal costs, followed by long-distance trains and freight trains.     

电动汽车驱动电机的演变与控制技术基础

汇总了10多年来不同国家电动汽车的厂家、所生产的车型、电动汽车的类型、电动汽车驱动电机的种类与控制方式;中国、日本等国家的电动汽车驱动电机多采用永磁同步电动机,从其控制方式出发,对电动汽车驱动电机的转矩控制等加以介绍;阐述永磁电动机控制系统的构成,以及矢量控制与弱磁控制。     

小型船舶磁罗经自差智能校正系统的设计与实现

针对未安装电罗经的小型船舶,提出一种磁罗经自差校正方法,研制磁罗经自差测量及校正系统,通过观测已知位置的物标自动测量任意航向上的罗经自差,采用高斯消元法计算出准确自差系数,逐一消除船舶自差。     

舰船壳体模块感应磁场的等效计算

典型的舰船壳体是主要由薄钢板和肋骨构成的复杂结构,采用磁矩量法计算其感应磁场时,会碰到数据准备复杂,剖分单元数目过多的问题。按照横截面积与磁化率乘积相等的原则,将舰船壳体模块等效简化为一个各向异性的简单薄钢板结构。针对一个有代表性的数值算例,采用磁矩量法分别计算简化前、后舰船壳体模块的感应磁场,并对比计算结果。研究发现,等效前后的计算误差不超过1.5%,证明所提出的磁性等效方法不仅能简化数据准备工作,而且还可以减少单元数目,对于磁矩量法计算非常有利,能够作为计算舰船壳体感应磁场的一条可行途径。     

钢板磁导率变化对船舶感应磁场的影响

船舶用钢由于受焊接和切割等热处理及加工工艺的不同,磁导率会发生较大变化,导致舰船磁场也发生改变。在电磁理论的基础上,通过舰船磁场数字仿真计算,研究钢板磁导率变化对船舶感应磁场特性权重的影响,分析舰船磁场的变化范围,并通过磁性物理船模试验进行验证。结果表明,当钢板磁导率变化范围为20%时,船舶感应磁场各分量特征曲线总体趋势保持不变,但其磁场幅值发生较大变化,其中纵向磁化磁场变化19.3%,横向磁化磁场变化17.1%,垂向磁化磁场变化16.2%。     

Solving train formation problem using simulated annealing algorithm in a simplex framework

The train formation plan (TFP) determines the train services and their frequencies and assigns the demands. The TFP models are often formulated as a capacitated service network design problem, and the optimal solution is normally difficult to find. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of the Simplex method and simulated annealing is proposed for the TFP problem. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to use a simulated annealing algorithm to explore the solution space, where the revised Simplex method evaluates, selects, and implements the moves. In the proposed algorithm, the neighborhood structure is based on the pivoting rules of the Simplex method that provides an efficient method to reach the neighbors of the current solution. A state‐of‐the‐art method is applied for parameters tuning by using the design of experiments approach. To evaluate the proposed model and the solution method, 25 test problems have been simulated and solved. The results show the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed approach is implemented to develop the TFP in the Iranian railway as a case study. It is possible to save significant time and cost through solving the TFP problem by using the proposed algorithm and developing the efficient TFP plan in the railway networks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于乘客等待时间的城市轨道交通列车运行调整模型

研究突发事件导致列车晚点情况下城市轨道交通列车运行调整问题．从乘客角度出发,提出了“首站控制”和“多站协调控制”两类列车运行调整策略．考虑列车能力约束和列车区间运行时间、追踪间隔时间等运行条件约束,以受突发事件影响的全部乘客等待时间最小为优化目标,建立了基于两类调整策略的列车运行调整模型,采用Lingo软件进行求解．以某简化线路为算例,与不采取控制策略相比,两类策略下乘客等待时间均节省约9％,结果表明了模型的有效性,能够为轨道交通列车运行调整提供辅助支持．     

磁场饱和与畸变对发电机电感参数计算的影响

为了提高发电机故障检测的灵敏性,需要准确计算发电机电感参数.考虑发电机负载运行时磁路的饱和与位置的畸变,分别应用磁路法和磁场法计算了不同饱和程度与畸变程度下的电感参数,讨论了磁路饱和与磁场畸变对电感参数的影响,指出磁路法计算电感参数的局限性.对一台一对极隐极式发电机样机进行的不同工况下转子匝间短路实验表明：磁场法可以充分考虑物理情况,参数计算结果更加准确.在要求准确计算电感参数的场合使用磁场法更合适.