浅谈动态优化设计在公路隧道建设中的重要性

由于隧道工程围岩状况的复杂多变以及理论上的不完善,目前实际工程中施工前设计主要依靠地勘资料与工程类比法进行,在实际施工过程中由于工程地质、水文地质及施工方法等的变化,使原设计不尽合理。文中根据《公路隧道设计规范》,结合公路隧道围岩分级法,本着尊重现场工程地质条件、施工技术条件和强化锚喷支护的原则,对某工程实例原有设计进行了优化,使隧道工程建设更安全、更经济。     

公路高填方路基软岩填料试验研究

以某公路工程高填方路基试验段为例,采用试验研究方法,就软岩填料的矿物组成、工程性能、压缩性能和抗剪强度等进行了系列试验。研究表明：软岩填料主要由黏土矿物组成;饱水条件下的软岩软化系数要高于干湿循环作用下的软化系数;压实度为0.96时的软岩压缩系数随着干湿循环作用基本保持不变;软岩的抗剪强度在前6次干湿循环作用下减小幅度更加明显,6次以后基本趋于稳定。     

硬岩地铁隧道钻爆法开挖结合盾构法衬砌的施工技术

为解决盾构在地铁隧道硬岩插入段中掘进的技术难题,结合广州市地铁3号线大石南-汉市区间的盾构工程项目,采用了如下施工工艺:用钻爆法开挖硬岩隧道并进行初期支护;隧道底部施作弧形钢筋混凝土导向平台;盾构机空载推进拼装管片通过;管片背后与初期支护间的空隙利用吹米石与注浆结合进行回填等。这种施工工艺拓展了盾构施工的适用范围,解决了在插入段长度超过100 m、抗压强度达118 kPa的硬岩地层采用盾构掘进的施工难题。可为类似工程施工提供借鉴。     

公路泥石流防治工程施工指南(Ⅱ)

本文介绍了《公路泥石流防治工程施工指南》(简称《施工指南》)拦渣坝、护岸结构及导流堤、异型墩汇流结构、渡槽及糙底群桩等防治核心技术的施工条文,分析了《施工指南》应用过程中应注意的几个问题,为公路泥石流防治工程施工提供了重要技术借鉴,也为公路建设及养护相关技术规范的修改提供了重要依据.     

响应面分析法在隧道相似材料试验中的应用

基于数理统计响应面分析法中的二次回归通用旋转法,将粘聚力与内摩擦角作为铁路隧道软弱围岩的研究指标:以重晶石、石英砂和凡士林等混合物作为铁路隧道软弱围岩的相似材料,通过应力控制式三轴试验仪进行常规三轴试验;利用非线性同归分析的方法对实验结果进行分析,分别得出相似材料配比与围岩粘聚力及内摩擦角的变化规律.综合考虑粘聚力与内摩擦角两个指标之后,最终得出与模型试验所需围岩条件相匹配的相似材料的重晶石、石英砂与凡士林的最佳配比为9.25:4.56:0.67.     

中欧软质岩灌注桩竖向承载力设计对比

依托某阿布扎比项目,采用欧标和中国规范计算灌注桩竖向承载力,并分析计算结果,对比两个规范的差异性,寻求桩长的合理优化取值。最后,通过现场桩基检测结果对软质岩地质中灌注桩竖向承载力的设计进行验证。研究成果可为类似地质条件下的灌注桩基础设计提供参考依据。     

不同土质围岩条件下隧底围岩脱空规律与结构受力特征研究

针对铁路隧道隧底围岩脱空病害问题,采用室内试验与数值模拟方法,探明不同土质围岩类型、隧底结构形式条件下隧底围 岩脱空演变规律,给出不同土质围岩类型条件下隧底围岩脱空类型;进而,明确不同脱空类型条件下隧底结构受力特征。研究结果 表明: 1)在相同隧底围岩类型条件下,底板结构形式比仰拱结构形式更易发生围岩脱空现象;相同隧底结构条件下,黏性土、卵石 土、砂质土3 种隧底围岩的脱空程度依次降低。2)隧底围岩脱空类型主要与围岩类型有关;卵石土、黏性土和砂质土围岩最终脱空 类型依次为多处小范围局部脱空、整体性脱空、隧底中心区域大范围脱空。3)在相同围岩脱空类型条件下,底板结构受力特征变化 比仰拱结构更为剧烈,应力集中现象更为明显,更易引发隧底结构损坏。4)随着脱空范围增大,隧底结构弯矩变化量、轴力减小量 均呈增大趋势,轴力分布逐渐呈“中间大,两端小”的不均匀分布形态。     

Estimation Method for Ground Settlements of the Karst Tunnel in Soil Surrounding Rock北大核心CSCD

Waterseepageofakarsttunnelsectioninsoilsurroundingrockispronetosurfacesubsidence.Considering the settlement caused by descending of water level due to water leakage, a method of surface settlement estimation under steady seepage of phreatic water was proposed. Based on the seepage and consolidation theory, the changes of dead-weight and seepage effective stress of soil unit in surrounding rock was analyzed in condition of water seepage, and the settlement zone of surrounding rock was divided by taking the funnel curve of precipitation as the boundary line. A two-dimension plane was established based on the excavation cross section and the estimation formula for surface settlement due to seepage effect was deduced by means of double integral. On the basis of Yaozhai tunnel of Liuzhai-Hechi Expressway in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the surface settlement of soil surrounding sec⁃ tion was predicted by field measurement and formula estimation respectively. Facts and figures show that the mea⁃ sured values are mainly consistent with the estimation ones, while the measured values are larger than the estima⁃ tion ones within the scope 3 m away from the excavation face along the horizontal radial direction. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Surrounding Rock Classification of Banxi Group Slate with Abundant Water北大核心CSCD

For water-rich slate, surrounding rock argillization and softening is a serious problem. At present the uni-axial saturated compressive strength of rock is used as one of the indexes for classification of water-rich slate sur-rounding rock. Since Banxi Group slate has special geological characteristics, the above mentioned grading index is not completely suitable for its surrounding rock classification due to limitations. For this reason, using the Youfang-ping tunnel at the Changsha to Kunming Section of the Shanghai to Kunming high-speed railway in China as an ex-ample, a softening coefficient is introduced, and the underground water, rock mass integrity coefficient and angle of the main structural surface and tunnel axis are regarded as the main controlling factors. A system of surrounding rock classification for tunnels in water-rich slate is established. Based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics, the member-ship function of each index is structured and the weight of each index is calculated by AHP, and the grade of the sur-rounding rock is determined according to the maximum membership degree principle. The results show that the fuzzy information of surrounding rock classification is processed effectively and the classification of surrounding rock is achieved by qualitative analysis to quantitative evaluation by using fuzzy theory. The surrounding rock classification determined by introducing the softening coefficient on the basis of fuzzy theory is close to that determined in practical application, indicating that the practicability of this classification of tunnel surrounding rock in water-rich slate is high. This classification system therefore is a reference for the design and construction of tunnels in water-rich slate. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

软弱围岩铁路隧道三台阶带仰拱一次开挖工法台阶高度优化研究

为进一步提高软弱围岩条件下隧道开挖的安全性及稳定性,本文依靠玉磨铁路新平隧道工程,利用有限差分数值模拟软件flac3 D,对软弱围岩铁路隧道三台阶带仰拱一次开挖工法的台阶高度进行优化研究,主要对比了5种不同台阶高度开挖方案的初期支护位移及内力.结果表明:(1)采用工况4(上台阶高度4 m、中台阶高度3．2 m、下台阶高...