灵活性理念在互通交叉设计中的应用

在满足现有规范、标准和规章制度的基础上,在不降低安全性的前提下,互通立交的设计应以灵活性理念为指引,解决实际存在的诸多问题并最终获得均衡的设计方案。依托深圳外环高速公路宝安大道互通式立交的方案研究实例,介绍灵活性设计理念在互通交叉设计中的应用,通过多方案比选最终确定最优方案。     

铁路呼叫中心座席软件设计的探讨

座席软件是呼叫中心系统的一个重要组成部分.可以预见呼叫中心在铁路的应用将十分广泛.铁路呼叫中心系统的完善是一个渐进的过程,为了适应这种情况,本设计对软件各功能模块进行了科学合理划分,实现了应用项目的动态修改,功能一体化,具有较强的平台适应性,节省了开发维护成本,扩展了软件的应用范围,具有较强的通用性.     

地铁车辆转向架天线梁模态与疲劳寿命分析

国内某地铁车辆转向架的ATP天线梁频繁出现断裂,为探寻天线梁断裂的原因,对其进行现场试验分析。依据实测的天线梁约束模态及有限元软件计算的整备状态下模态结果,分析天线梁实测动应力频谱的主频及振型,并利用IIW-1823《焊接接头与部件的疲劳设计标准》计算天线梁上测点的等效应力范围和疲劳寿命。结果表明,天线梁的1阶垂弯、1阶横弯及与构架八字变形的耦合振型(75 Hz)均对天线梁的疲劳寿命造成较大的影响;在随机振动疲劳分析下,天线梁上大部分测点的等效应力都已经超过焊缝的疲劳极限80 MPa,尤其是位于天线梁横梁中部支座上的T4测点,等效应力为214.4 MPa,已经极大地超过焊缝的疲劳极限,而且疲劳寿命也远远达不到设计要求。     

Structural damage identification by a cross modal energy sensitivity based mode subset selection strategy

This paper presents a strategy specialized for modal energy (ME) based methods, including modal strain energy (MSE) and modal kinetic energy (MKE), to select the best mode subset prior to damage identification. The damages due to the changes in stiffness and mass of structural members are both considered. In order to apply the proposed scheme to a more general situation, the cross modal energy (CME) sensitivity instead of the usual ME sensitivity is derived and designated as a sensitivity index. According to this index, the mode combinations (MCs) that are more sensitive to stiffness and mass changes are retained, while the remaining MCs that complicate the process of damage detection are eliminated. One of the important applications of the proposed mode subset selection strategy (MSSS) is to optimize the Cross-model cross-mode (CMCM) system by eliminating some redundant equations, thereby improving the performance of the CMCM method and reducing the computational burden. Numerical and experimental studies are carried out to prove the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The results show that the performance of the CMCM method has been significantly improved after adopting the MSSS.     

The use of operational modal analysis and mode tracking for insight into polar vessel operations

Accurate dynamic models of flexible ship structures are required to predict structural vibration caused by environmental loads. Knowledge of dynamic or modal properties are important, for example, to study fatigue damage. In this paper, operational modal analysis (OMA) is used to identify the vibration characteristics of a polar vessel from full-scale acceleration measurements. Five modes are tracked over a range of different operating and environmental conditions, including calm, open water, two ice cases and an open water storm. Compared to the calm, open water conditions, vertical bending modes were generally affected the most by the operating environment, with natural frequency and damping increasing up to 3.7 and 349 %, respectively, in ice. Severity of two-node and three-node vertical bending responses, quantified using a root-mean-square value, were found to be especially large during the open water storm case. Temporal behaviour of two-node and three-node vertical bending due to wave-slamming further contained multiple whipping responses, pointing towards possible cumulative damage over a large number of stress cycles occurring at the midship. Higher damping in ice resulted in responses with lower magnitudes and shorter durations.     

VLCC翼桥振动分析及相关技术研究

分析了超大型油船（VLCC）翼桥产生振动的原因,运用有限元（FEM）静力学分析、模态分析和频域响应分析理论进行实船撞击和试航振动测量,通过理论与实际相结合,提出了综合解决船舶振动问题的方案。     

篱笆式卷筒结构的动态特性研究

为了提高篱笆式卷筒结构设计的安全性和可靠性,分析了多层钢丝绳缠绕作用下卷筒体承受径向外压力、横向力和棘爪力的受力情况,利用有限元技术计算了卷筒在筒体、端板作用力下的屈曲特征,将卷筒体视为变质量系统得到了不同缠绕情况下的结构模态,最后分析了不同工作压力载荷状态下整体结构的频率响应特性。研究工作为卷筒体结构的优化设计提供了分析手段和参考依据。     

基于刚体模态理论的动力总成悬置系统优化设计

以一轿车动力总成悬置系统为研究对象,建立动力总成悬置系统动力学模型,计算该模型的刚体模态,并在整车状态下进行动力总成悬置系统及车内方向盘和座椅导轨的振动测试。计算和实验结果表明,合理分配刚体模态频率和提高刚体模态解耦率对整车NVH性能有显著提高。     

海上多功能工作平台管节点的应力集中系数分析方法

以某海上多功能工作平台的典型管节点为研究对象,分别采用模型试验、数值仿真和规范计算3种方法得到了平台管节点在轴力作用下的应力集中系数.在此基础上,对3种用于海洋平台管节点应力集中系数的分析方法进行了评价.     

模态研究的数学分析与有限元分析的探讨

简单的结构可通过数学方法获得比较准确的模态结果,较复杂的结构很难用数学方法直接进行分析,需要将模型简化,不合理的简化会导致分析结果的错误,使用有限元软件分析可以获得比较理想的结果。划分网格是有限元分析的关键一步,文中以大拉杆为例,进行了数学计算、有限元软件ANSYS与ADINA模态分析,通过对比模态结果,对这两款不同有限元分析软件的计算特点进行了总结,得出并不是网格密度越密计算精度越高的结论。