城市混合交通控制设计理念与方法

针对我国城市特有的混合交通特性,在分析城市路网特征和交通流运行特征的基础上,确立了混合交通控制系统设计的基本理念。基于混合交通流理论,建立了城市交通控制的方法体系,包括匝道控制、单点控制、干线协调控制、区域协调控制以及公交优先控制。运用此设计理念与方法开发出的混合交通控制系统（HiCON）,在北京、青岛、福州三地的应用表明：车辆平均延误减少10％～20％,平均行程时间降低5%-10％。     

“船舶—堆场—列车”混堆堆场箱位分配模型

集装箱海铁联运港口堆场作业箱型复杂,为了提高港口作业能力和效率,基于进口、出口箱的混合堆存方式,对"船舶-堆场-列车"作业堆场箱位分配问题进行研究."船舶-堆场-列车"作业堆场负责堆存通过船舶、列车及外集卡进出港口的集装箱.本文在待分配箱的作业时间及箱区已知的前提下,以集装箱堆存产生的压箱数最小为目标,建立"船舶-堆场-列车"作业混堆堆场箱位分配模型,根据模型特点设计了启发式算法进行求解,并进行算例分析.结果表明,所建模型和求解算法能够有效减少堆场的压箱数,满足箱型堆存要求,提高港口作业效率.     

船用低速柴油机曲轴轴向振动研究

以船用大功率低速柴油机柔性体曲轴为对象,在考虑气体力、运动部件惯性力、扭纵耦合效应等因素的情况下,建立曲轴、连杆、活塞的刚柔混合动力学模型。通过数值仿真,分别对连杆推力、连杆法向力和切向力对曲轴轴向振动的影响进行分析。分析结果表明：法向力是曲轴轴向振动的直接激励源,切向力是曲轴轴向振动的间接激励源-切向力引起曲轴扭振,进而引起曲轴纵振;同时法向力和切向力对曲轴轴向振动的影响非常相近;而连杆推力(法向力和切向力合力)引起的曲轴轴向振动是扭纵耦合振动的结果,并非两种分力作用结果的简单叠加。     

Marine Protected Area Costs as “Beneficial” Fisheries Subsidies: A Global Evaluation

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are now generally accepted as important tools in the protection of coastal biodiversity. It is also likely that they play a positive role in enhancing fisheries. Yet currently, less than 1% of the global oceans are protected, although international agreements have targets ranging from 10–30% coverage. Despite its minuscule size, we consider the current MPA “network” to be beneficial to fisheries, and its running or maintenance cost, therefore, to be a positive contribution to the sustainability of fisheries, or a “beneficial” subsidy (“harmful” subsidies enhance fishing capacity and effort). A method was derived from data in Balmford et al. (PNAS, 101: 9694–9697) to estimate the annual cost of maintaining MPAs as a function of their size, and of the degree of development of the country in question. We provide national costs of the 53 countries that jointly contribute 95% of global fisheries catch and, assuming that this type of subsidy, in a given country, cannot exceed 15% of the ex-vessel value of its fisheries catches, estimated a global MPA subsidy to fisheries of 870 million US$. Given that total subsidies to fisheries currently range from 30–34 billion US$ annually (without MPA costs), this amounts to only 2.5–2.8% of total subsidies to fisheries being devoted explicitly to the maintenance of the biodiversity that sustains them.     

机动车交汇时灯具炫目性的讨论

在背景亮度为1 cd/m2的晚上,摩托车及汽车驾驶员无论使用近光灯、转向信号灯或专用昼间行驶灯,在各交汇距离相对上升对比度阈值小于2时,均不会产生炫目,不会影响对向行驶摩托车驾驶员的观察和判断能力;而摩托车和汽车远光灯在任何距离时的相对上升对比度阈值远远大于2时,在摩托车和摩托车交汇时,会产生炫目,造成交通行驶隐患.     

利用改进交叉算子的混合遗传算法求解VRPTW

设计了一种改进的混合遗传算法求解带有时间窗、有车辆重量限制的车辆优化调度问题（VRPTW），根据问题的实际情况，建立了数学模型，提出了改进的交叉算子，丰富了种群的多样性；并结合模拟退火算法的思想，对染色体的适应度适当变化，改善了传统的遗传算法容易“早熟”的缺点，加强了染色体的局部搜索能力。     

近距大跨超浅埋双洞分修隧道穿越铁路施工技术

杭州解放路延伸线新城隧道采用左、右线双洞分修型式，具有埋深浅、跨度大、间距小的特点，穿越地层地质差，同时需下穿既有沪杭铁路线，施工技术含量极高。文章介绍了穿越铁路段施工中采用的综合技术及相应的针对性辅助施工措施，结合监测信息反馈，分析阐释了浅埋暗挖法及其综合配套技术在施工实际中的成功应用，具有重要的现实意义。     

涡旋增压技术在轻型车用发动机上的应用优势

就新型机械增压器———涡旋增压器在中、小功率发动机上的适用性进行了分析研究。分析表明 ,针对我国公路路况较差和车辆行驶工况变动频繁的情况 ,中小排量的发动机采用涡旋机械增压具有独特的优势 ,且在实际应用中具有可行性。     

A multiobjective model for maximizing fleet availability under the presence of flight and maintenance requirements

Every aircraft, military or civilian, must be grounded for maintenance after it has completed a certain number of flight hours since its last maintenance check. In this paper, we address the problem of deciding which available aircraft should fly and for how long, and which grounded aircraft should perform maintenance operations, in a group of aircraft that comprise a combat unit. The objective is to achieve maximum availability of the unit over the planning horizon. We develop a multiobjective optimization model for this problem, and we illustrate its application and solution on a real life instance drawn from the Hellenic Air Force. We also propose two heuristic approaches for solving large scale instances of the problem. We conclude with a discussion that gives insight into the behavior of the model and of the heuristics, based on the analysis of the results obtained.     

IG541混合气体灭火系统在成都地铁中的应用研究

根据地下轨道交通的消防特点,结合成都地铁工程设计实例,对气体灭火系统的控制及操作方式进行深入介绍,并着重论述气体消防系统在地铁设计中的应用:从环保、安全、经济、灭火效率及对被保护对象影响等方面对七氟丙烷与IG541混合气体进行比较,具体分析两种气体环保指标ODP、GWP、ALT值和对人员安全性指标LOAEL、NOAEL、LC50值,得出IG541混合气体适合于地铁地下车站的气体灭火系统的结论。