浅水影响造成的船舶下沉量分析

针对10.8万t深吃水成品油轮在浅水水域航行时所出现的船体下沉现象,分析可能的影响因素,并研究给出了不同航行状态下沉量、安全航速的计算方法。     

LNG船舶进出港对珠海港主航道通过能力影响

介绍珠海港高栏港区LNG码头及航道疏浚工程概况。基于LNG船舶航行时的特殊安全要求建立航道通过能力影响模型,用两种方法分别计算LNG船舶对高栏港主航道船舶通过能力影响程度,并对结果进行比较分析,提出降低LNG船舶对主航道影响的相关对策。     

长江口深水航道三期工程北槽演变特征及航道回淤部分原因分析*

对长江口深水航道三期2004—2007年工程期间的北槽河势演变进行了分析总结。分析表明北槽总体上呈现了拦 门沙区域的“洪淤枯冲”规律,而且北槽上段北滩地一直淤积,W3附近南滩地一直发生淤涨,导致滩地坡度较大,且航道 南侧滩槽水深比和航道回淤量非线性负相关性非常强。 W3附近南滩一直淤积、滩槽水深比小、滩地坡度大、8 m线宽度最 小等因素是使近底高含沙水体易进入航道导致北槽中段回淤量大的部分原因。     

平潭海峡大桥桥区船舶通航安全模拟试验关键技术分析

分析平潭海峡大桥桥区船舶安全通航论证及试验工作中船舶操纵模拟器的运用、模拟试验电子海图的开发、模拟试验的要求与内容,分析通航试验结果,提出可行性建议.     

天津港LNG码头工程通航安全研究

文中利用船舶操纵模拟器结合水流数学模型对天津港LNG码头工程保障通航安全的工程措施进行了研究;用通航条件论证分析的方法提出了保障通航安全的重点监护、作业条件限制、完善海事监管配套设施、制定LNG船舶管理规定等非工程通航安全保障措施     

基于优化旋转矢量双子样算法的捷联惯导姿态解算

在捷联惯导系统中,姿态更新算法会对导航精度产生至关重要的影响.旋转矢量法在抑制不可交换性误差及其累积效应方面具有显著的优点.为兼顾姿态解算的实时性与精确性,文中基于旋转矢量双子样算法原理推导其误差补偿项,并进行了圆锥运动环境下的算法优化,以提高算法的动态适应性,从而形成了优化的旋转矢量双子样算法.最后通过与传统四元数法进行对比分析,表明在捷联惯导姿态解算中,采用优化旋转矢量双子样算法不仅可较好满足系统实时性要求,同时还能较明显地提高解算精度.     

How big data enriches maritime research – a critical review of Automatic Identification System (AIS) data applications

ABSTRACT

The information-rich vessel movement data provided by the Automatic Identification System (AIS) has gained much popularity over the past decade, during which the employment of satellite-based receivers has enabled wide coverage and improved data quality. The application of AIS data has developed from simply navigation-oriented research to now include trade flow estimation, emission accounting, and vessel performance monitoring. The AIS now provides high frequency, real-time positioning and sailing patterns for almost the whole world's commercial fleet, and therefore, in combination with supplementary databases and analyses, AIS data has arguably kickstarted the era of digitisation in the shipping industry. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive review of the literature regarding AIS applications by dividing it into three development stages, namely, basic application, extended application, and advanced application. Each stage contains two to three application fields, and in total we identified seven application fields, including (1) AIS data mining, (2) navigation safety, (3) ship behaviour analysis, (4) environmental evaluation, (5) trade analysis, (6) ship and port performance, and (7) Arctic shipping. We found that the original application of AIS data to navigation safety has, with the improvement of data accessibility, evolved into diverse applications in various directions. Moreover, we summarised the major methodologies in the literature into four categories, these being (1) data processing and mining, (2) index measurement, (3) causality analysis, and (4) operational research. Undoubtedly, the applications of AIS data will be further expanded in the foreseeable future. This will not only provide a more comprehensive understanding of voyage performance and allow researchers to examine shipping market dynamics from the micro level, but also the abundance of AIS data may also open up the rather opaque aspect of how shipping companies release information to external authorities, including the International Maritime Organization, port states, scientists and researchers. It is expected that more multi-disciplinary AIS studies will emerge in the coming years. We believe that this study will shed further light on the future development of AIS studies.     

FPSO港区拖带航行安全保障技术研究

FPSO船体肥大,拖带航行过程中控速和保向比较困难.通过研究,建立了拖航力计算模型,提出了FPSO拖带方案,并结合天津临港工业区拟开展的FPSO舾装业务,对FPSO拖带进出临港工业区港区所需的拖航力进行了计算,提出了拖船配备方案以及拖带航行作业限制条件,并进行了船舶操作仿真模拟试验.     

海上光污染对船舶夜航安全的影响及对策分析

从探讨海上光污染的概念出发,分析导致海上光污染的主要因素有城市景观灯光、港口码头作业灯、船舶锚泊灯光、桥梁景观灯;利用亮度对比度、可见度水平的计算方法和格拉斯曼的颜色混合定律分析海上光污染对船舶号灯及助导航标志可识别性的影响;同时,应用医学原理分析了眩光对船舶驾驶员视觉功效的影响.在此基础上,从船舶航行、海上光污染控制、海事主管机关管理、立法4个方面提出保障船舶夜航安全的对策建议.     

基于模型库的船舰组合导航信息融合算法

在船舰组合导航系统中,由于各导航传感器自身物理特性、工作原理的差异,无法同步获得船舰目标的观测信息,因此船舰组合导航问题实质上是一类典型的异步融合估计问题.然而,现有的异步融合估计算法无法兼顾滤波精度的最优性以及滤波过程的实时性.为此,针对舰船稳态运行过程中的线性平稳过程,提出利用模型库设计一种船舰组合导航信息融合的新算法.仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性,能同时满足实时性和最优性的要求,并且简捷,易于实现.