自卸汽车振动原因分析

针对某自卸汽车在使用过程中出现的横向抖动问题,采用试验模态分析技术对车架动态性能进行了分析,得到了该车架的各阶模态频率、模态阻尼以及模态振型等,为进一步研究整车振动、疲劳、噪声等问题奠定了基础,也为车架结构的优化设计提供了参考依据。模态分析结果表明,该自卸汽车车架前部刚度较弱,当激励频率接近或等于5．75Hz和10．36Hz时,可使车架共振产生横向抖动。     

超薄沥青混合料室内试验方法研究

超薄沥青混凝土面层是一种摊铺厚度为1.5～2.5cm之间的细粒式沥青面层,其主要目的是用于旧路的功能性恢复以及新建公路表面功能层。在大量室内试验的基础上,探索了超薄沥青混合料室内试验评价方法。     

高温高压液压脉动综合性能试验台的设计

为了满足企业的测试技术要求,文章提出了应用计算机监控系统的高温高压液压脉动综合性能试验台的设计方案,采用了PQE5P6溢流阀和电液伺服元件等性能良好的元器件,解决了测试数据的采集和抗干扰技术,开发了在Windows平台上操作的测试软件,实现了对测试参数的自动纪录、分析、曲线绘制、显示、打印和集中的控制等功能。     

A practice-ready relocation model for free-floating carsharing systems with electric vehicles – Mesoscopic approach and field trial results

This paper introduces a relocation model for free-floating Carsharing (FFCS) systems with conventional and electric vehicles (EVs). In case of imbalances caused by one-way trips, the approach recommends profit maximizing vehicle relocations. Unlike existing approaches, two types of relocations are distinguished: inter zone relocations moving vehicles between defined macroscopic zones of the operating area and intra zone relocations moving vehicles within such zones. Relocations are combined with the unplugging and recharging of EVs and the refueling of conventional vehicles. In addition, remaining pure service trips are suggested. A historical data analysis and zone categorization module enables the calculation of target vehicle distributions. Unlike existing approaches, macroscopic optimization steps are supplemented by microscopic rule-based steps. This enables relocation recommendations on the individual vehicle level with the exact GPS coordinates of the relocation end positions. The approach is practice-ready with low computational times even for large-scale scenarios.To assess the impact of relocations on the system’s operation, the model is applied to a FFCS system in Munich, Germany within three real world field tests. Test three shows the highest degree of automation and represents the final version of the model. Its evaluation shows very promising results. Most importantly, the profit is increased by 5.8% and the sales per vehicle by up to 10%. The mean idle time per trip end is decreased by 4%.     

Potential of low viscosity oils to reduce CO2 emissions and fuel consumption of urban buses fleets

This paper shows the results of a comparative fleet test the main objective of which was to measure the influence of Low Viscosity Oils (LVO) over the fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions of urban buses. To perform this test, 39 urban buses, classified into candidate and reference groups depending on the engine oil viscosity, covered a 60,000 km mileage corresponding to two rounds of standard Oil Drain Interval (ODI). In the same way, for 9 buses of the 39 buses, the effect of differential LVO over fuel consumption and their interaction with engine LVO was assessed during the second ODI.Test results confirm that the use of LVO could reduce fuel consumption, hence CO₂ emissions. However, special attention should be taken prior to its implementation in a fleet, particularly if the vehicles are powered by engines with high mechanical and thermal stresses during vehicle operation because this could lead to friction loss increase, loss of the potential fuel consumption reduction of LVO and, in the worst scenario, higher rates of engine wear.     

烟台某工程循环水取、排水工程压水试验

为确定烟台某工程地基基岩的渗透特性,阐述水上岩体压水试验的主要操作过程、试验数据处理和试验结果分析评价方法．测定区域内的各岩层的透水率和渗透系数,给出不同风化程度岩层的渗透性评价,为设计提供防渗设计所需参数。     

C60高性能混凝土配合比设计

介绍C60高性能泵送混凝土配合比设计,通过正交设计优化配合比参数,得出最佳配合比,对最佳配合比进行优化,最终得到满足设计和施工要求的C60高性能混凝土,可为类似工程施工提供参考。     

宽频型迷宫式约束阻尼钢轨降噪特性试验研究

介绍了宽频型迷宫式约束阻尼钢轨的降噪原理,通过现场测试阻尼装置安装前后列车通过高架桥曲线段时车厢内、司机室、高架桥噪声数据,经过A计权声压级处理得出不同测点的降噪效果,以确定高架线路段阻尼钢轨的控制频带范围。测试结果表明:对于车厢内和司机室噪声,800 Hz频率处降噪效果最好,500～3 150 Hz频带内有效降噪5.0～7.7 dB(A);对于高架桥环境辐射噪声,2 000 Hz频率处降噪效果最好,7.5 m处平均降噪8.4 dB(A),30 m处平均降噪5.2 dB(A)。     

刚性悬索加劲连续钢桁梁受力特性成桥试验研究

石济客运专线济南黄河公铁两用桥主桥采用了三桁式刚性悬索加劲连续钢桁梁的特殊结构形式,针对此桥梁的结构特点,开展了成桥专项试验研究。首先测试了外荷载作用下桥梁3片主桁挠度及相应杆件应力的横向分配。其次,测试了有砟轨道铁路桥梁正交异性桥面体系在列车局部轮载作用下各构造细节的受力特征。最后,对刚性悬索加劲钢桁梁上弦杆与加劲弦连接处特殊节点的受力特性进行了测试。实测结果表明:桥梁3片主桁横向具有较好的整体性;有砟轨道铁路桥梁的正交异性桥面体系各构造细节均未出现明显的应力集中效应;特殊节点板受力特征与有限元计算结果吻合,连接板圆弧倒角处应力较大。     

代表人诉讼之替代改革

我国民事诉讼法规定的代表人诉讼并非是通常意义上的群体诉讼。民事审判权权威不足、当事人行使诉讼权利困难等因素制约着代表人诉讼制度机能的发挥,使其陷于休眠状态。阶段性发展是代表人诉讼制度改革的必然过程,为此,在立法和实践中有必要以试验性诉讼、共同诉讼和诉讼外方式替代现行的代表人诉讼制度。