高速铁路桥梁的低频噪声研究

根据结构的声辐射条件，导出具有耦合关系的有限元列式，然后分析计算了高速列车通过桥梁时各构件的振动响应，由此求得振动所诱发的低频噪声，进而示得声压随时间的变化规律以及声压频谱图，并分析产生噪声的主要原因，提出了预防与控制噪声的措施。     

沥青路面综合处治技术在新疆S322线上的应用效果分析

文章从材料的选用、混合料的组合方案等方面确定了试验方案,并铺筑试验路,结合数理统计的方法对沥青路面综合处治技术在我国新疆地区S322线榆树沟—呼图壁路段的应用效果进行分析,结果表明该技术在试验路段养护中使用效果良好,沥青路面综合处治技术在新疆地区应用是可行的。     

基于评价指数的属性约简算法

从粗糙集理论出发,提出可分辨关系和对象差异矩阵的概念,并以此为基础构造出基于评价指数的属性约简算法.算法采用自底向上的方法,利用属性的评价指数作为启发式信息,求得属性集合的约简.在多个UC I数据集上进行试验,理论分析和实验数据表明,文中提出的属性约简算法是有效、可行的,具有较高的效率.     

船舶尾轴承的变形对其润滑特性的影响研究

在工作载荷和船体变形的共同影响下，船舶尾轴承发生变形并改变了轴承与螺旋桨轴之间的相对位置关系。导致螺旋桨轴轴颈中线与轴承中线之间形成一个变形夹角，这个夹角影响轴承润滑油膜的压力分布和刚度系数．通过对润滑油膜刚度系数的数值计算，分析了轴线问夹角对油膜刚度的影响关系．从计算结果可以得到：随着夹角的增大，油膜刚度kxx，kyy。和kxy。会增大，而交叉刚度kyz，减小，同时夹角只能在一定的角度范围内对油胰刚度产生影响．     

振动压路机五自由度减振模型求解的一种新方法及仿真分析

根据对振动压路机考虑各系统阻尼后的五自由度减振模型的分析,对该模型进行了求解,并结合振动压路机的设计参数对求解的结果进行了仿真。通过求解及仿真结果可得：与两自由度模型相比,这种求解方法求解的五自由度模型同样简单可行并且分析问题更加全面,能为振动压路机各个模块的减振优化设计提供更好的理论参考依据。     

基于波束形成和双目视觉的行驶汽车噪声源识别

提出一种基于波束形成原理,声阵列与双目视觉相结合的行驶汽车噪声源识别方法。通过对两台摄像机所拍摄图像的分析,计算出车辆的实时位置;将运动过程划分为若干时段进行声场重建,得出汽车行驶过程中的动态声场视频。试验结果表明,应用该方法能够准确识别运动中汽车的主要噪声源,且可更加直观地看到汽车噪声的动态变化。     

交通设施建设投资对经济发展的影响

通过分析交通设施建设与经济发展之间的关系,给出了它们之间的相关系数,同时把交通设施投资作为推动GDP增长的变量,建立了误差修正模型,并得到了反映它们之间长期均衡与短期波动的表达式．从推动力系数来看,无论是从全国的交通设施投资,还是从东部、中部及西部地区的交通设施投资来说,它们对国民经济增长的推动作用都是很明显的．因此,得到了交通设施建设对我国经济发展建设具有重大作用的结论．     

The cumulative effect of nuisances from road transportation in residential sectors on the Island of Montreal – Identification of the most exposed groups and areas

Air pollution and road traffic noise are considered to be the two most important nuisances that could negatively affect the quality of life. A prolonged exposure to high concentrations of these pollutants could conduct to various health problems. Studies in environmental equity have often considered these nuisances individually whenever it comes from the same source. The main objective of this paper is to determine if the 15 years of age, those aged 65 and over, visible minorities and low income individuals located in a portion of the Island of Montreal are overrepresented in city blocks characterized by having among the highest levels of transportation-related air pollutants (i.e., ambient concentrations of NO₂ and road traffic noise in decibels (dB(A)). The results show that low-income individuals and, to a lesser extent, visible minorities, are significantly overrepresented in city blocks characterized by the higher levels of NO₂ and road traffic noise in dB(A). Multinomial logistic regression analysis confirms these results, and also shows that young people under 15 years are under-represented in the most polluted areas. However, contrary to the previous bivariate results, people aged 65 and over are negatively and significantly associated with the likelihood of their living in a city block located in an advantaged area after controlling for the independent effects of the other explanatory variables. Moreover, visible minorities are significantly overrepresented in advantaged areas. Considering the observed results, some solutions are identified to reduce road traffic noise and air pollution in the city blocks localized near major traffic arteries.     

应变增大系数在车辆荷载对桥梁结构冲击效应评价中的应用

通过试验分析了截面应变增大系数与冲击系数、振动加速度的相关性,结果证明了用应变增大系数表征车辆荷载对公路桥梁的冲击效应的可行性。     

Application of advanced sampling for efficient probabilistic traffic modelling

In probabilistic traffic models, consideration of stochasticity in the dynamics of traffic gives a closer representation of a traffic system in comparison to that of a deterministic approach. Monte Carlo simulation is a broadly accepted method to consider variations in traffic within modelling. In this contribution, the possibility of increasing the efficiency of probabilistic traffic flow models using Monte Carlo simulation is analysed using variance reduction techniques and sequencing, for varied capacity and traffic demand values. The techniques of Importance Sampling, Latin Hypercube Sampling and Quasi-Random Sequencing are compared in a dynamic macroscopic traffic model to demonstrate the effectiveness of these techniques for reduction of the computational load when considering multiple input variations. Demonstration of their efficiency in traffic modelling is expected to lead to a wider application of the methods in practice.