影响十堰市汽车保有量的因素分析

汽车保有量与社会经济发展水平有密切的关系,通过建立计量经济学模型寻求汽车保有量和社会经济有关指标的函数关系,可以较为准确地预测十堰市短期内的汽车保有量。根据统计数据回归分析,影响十堰市汽车保有量的主要因素有:社会消费品零售总额、城镇居民可支配收入和社会固定资产投资。     

航海模拟器中船舶进港训练评估系统的研究

为了提高航海训练评估的效率,减少主观因素对评估结果的影响,实现自动评估成为当前热点。在调查大量的学员实际训练和考试评估数据基础上,利用概率论中的非参数假设检验方法,对学员的操纵误差予以分析,得到学员的误差分布函数,并结合教师在考试评估中评定成绩的概率,计算出评估的等级区间。最后利用加权平均法计算出学生的综合成绩,采用VC＋＋6．0实现的系统在航海模拟器上测试,得到了比较理想结果。     

西安市公交客运量的回归分析预测研究

公交客运量的预测研究是非常重要的工作,根据西安市公交运量的相关数据,应用多元回归方法对西安市公交客运量进行预测分析,来确定未来某一时段的客运量,为西安公交网络规划提供决策依据。     

交通事件持续时间预测贝叶斯网方法研究

交通事件持续时间的预测是事件管理系统的重要组成部分,根据I-880实测数据集,利用逐步回归分析的方法确定事件持续时间的主要影响因素,分别建立了应用于事件持续时间预测的朴素贝叶斯(NB)模型、加树朴素贝叶斯(TAN)模型以及一般贝叶斯网(BN)模型,在分析数据特点的基础上确定了贝叶斯网的推理算法、参数学习以及结构学习方法.在不同数据缺失的程度和不同训练样本规模下,分别对三种模型的预测准确率进行了评价,结果表明贝叶斯网预测模型在数据缺失30%的情况下30min准确率高于80%.     

含水率对砖砌体抗剪强度的影响

通过含水率对砖砌体抗剪强度影响规律的试验,分别测出不同砖砌体试件整体含水率、砖的含水率和砂浆缝砂浆的含水率与抗剪强度之间的关系,得到砖砌体试件随浸泡时间含水率的变化规律,给出了考虑含水率的砖砌体抗剪强度计算公式.通过试验可以看出,含水率对砖砌体抗剪强度有着重要影响,有关规范中应予以考虑.     

河北北部山区通村公路土基回弹模量对路面设计的影响研究

通过对河北北部山区通村公路进行现场试验,由回归分析得到土基回弹模量与弯沉的关系式,并根据不同土基强度与不同标准轴载对路面厚度设计的影响,对土基强度进行分级,可作为路面设计的依据。     

Lights,camera, legal action! The effectiveness of red light cameras on collisions in Los Angeles

This study estimates the effect of red light cameras (henceforth cameras) on collisions under the Los Angeles Automated Photo Enforcement Program that ran from 2006 to 2011. To control for selection bias and unobservables, a data set is constructed such that intersections with cameras are compared to control groups of nearby intersections without cameras, matched on observable characteristics. To capture potential spillover effects of cameras, control groups at various distances from the intersections with cameras are considered. A Poisson panel data model with random coefficients is applied to these data and estimated using Bayesian methods. The program suffered from weaknesses in enforcement. The city’s courts did not uphold citations and this dampened the effect cameras had on drivers. These problems are accounted for in modeling. Controlling for these concerns, results indicate that the cameras decreased red light running related collisions, but increased right-angle and injury collisions, as well as collisions overall.     

Findings from subjective evaluations and driver ratings of vehicle dynamics: steering and handling

This paper investigates subjective assessments (SA) of vehicle handling and steering feel tests, both numerical and verbal, to understand drivers’ use of judgement scales, rating tendencies and spread. Two different test methods are compared: a short multi-vehicle first-impression test with predefined-driving vs the standard extensive single-vehicle free-driving tests, both offering very similar results but with the former saving substantial testing time. Rating repeatability is evaluated by means of a blind test. Key SA questions are identified by numerical subjective assessment autocorrelations and by generating word clouds from the most used terms in verbal assessments, with both methods leading to similar key parameters. The results exposed in this paper enable better understanding of SA, allowing improving the overall subjective testing and evaluation process, and improving the data collection and analysis process needed before identifying correlations between SA and objective metrics.     

Safety modeling for two‐way left‐turn lanes and a procedure to identify two‐way left‐turn lane segments with safety concerns

In the past, two‐way left‐turn lane (TWLTL) median treatments have been frequently used in Florida to inexpensively improve traffic and safety performances. In order to identify factors that may have significant impacts on safety operations in TWLTL sections and to identify TWLTL locations that present existing and future safety concerns, a research project was carried out and results are summarized in the paper. In the research, a three‐year crash history database with crashes and section characteristics from a total of 1688 TWLTL sections all over Florida was developed and used. A negative binomial regression model was developed to determine the statistical relationship between the number of crashes per mile per year and several variables such as traffic volume, access density, posted speed, and number of lanes. In regard to the methodology, in order to identify locations with safety concerns, several steps are needed: development of real crash data distribution, determination of statistical distribution models that better represent the actual crash data, determination of percentile values for the average number of crashes, estimation of crash rates for sections with the same characteristics, estimation of critical values for the variables corresponding to the percentile values for average number of crashes, calculation of tables of critical average annual daily traffic values, and generation of a list of TWLTL locations with critical safety concerns. Results presented in the paper have been used in real applications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The performance of route modification and demand stabilization strategies in stochastic vehicle routing

A key concern in managing vehicle routing operations under stochastic demands is whether, on the basis of travel distance, route modification yields materially greater logistical efficiency than fixed routes. This research uses statistical calibration as the primary technique to develop a robust and tractable model for estimating this difference in logistical efficiency. Based on features such as the models predictive accuracy and generalizability, it constitutes a substantive improvement over existing models. The present study also expands the range of predictive models relevant to vehicle routing under stochastic demands with models to estimate the transportation and inventory effects of persuading customers to stabilize their ordering patterns.