高速铁路下承式钢桁结合梁桥在偏载作用下的受力特性分析

以京沪高速铁路64 m简支下承式钢桁结合梁桥为对象,采用作者曾经提出的空间板梁单元和常规板壳单元、空间梁单元和空间桁单元离散结构,对其在偏载荷载作用下的受力特性进行空间有限元分析,计算主桁、混凝土板和纵、横梁的应力和位移。结果表明:该桥在偏载荷载作用下符合强度刚度要求。     

一种低信噪比环境下的基音检测方法

噪声是低信噪比环境下影响基音检测准确率的主要因素之一,为此提出一种基于形态学滤波和小波变换相结合的基音检测方法。该方法首先用形态学滤波器滤除噪声,突出基音。然后在小波域利用Teager能量算子区分清、浊音,通过浊音小波系数模的极大值提取基音。实验结果表明,在信噪比较小时该方法也能准确地检测出语音信号的基音,与传统的基音检测方法相比,该方法有较强的抗噪性。     

地铁头车车体耐撞性仿真分析

在分析国内外有关研究现状的基础上,根据国外有关轨道车辆耐撞性评估的准则、标准,提出评估地铁头车车体耐撞性的碰撞场景设计与条件,即:满载车辆以25km/h的初速度对撞同类型保持静止状态的头车时,车体及吸能结构所吸收的碰撞能量不小于1MJ,头车车体变形不大于100mm。同时,建立某型地铁头车车体对撞有限元模型,处理接触问题及边界条件,实现240ms碰撞过程的数值仿真,并分析车体的速度、加速度、变形、能量的变化趋势。通过对关键参数的仿真分析,评估地铁头车车体的耐撞性。     

动车铝合金车体焊接接头非线性疲劳累积损伤模型

动车铝合金车体焊接接头疲劳寿命对加载顺序比较敏感,而传统的Miner法无法考虑载荷加载顺序。本文在损伤曲线法的基础上,提出非线性累积损伤模型的数学表达式及参数拟合算法,给出平均应力情况下使用此模型的扩展算式,并对铝合金焊接的对接接头、角接接头进行两级加载实验。实验结果证明:本文模型计算误差小于10%,比传统的Miner模型有更高的精确度,说明这一模型可用于铝合金焊接结构疲劳寿命计算。     

城轨车辆过渡车钩的研发

通过分析产品在厂内的运输需求,根据生产条件的特点,设计了一种适合产品的轻量化过渡车钩,并通过有限元分析和实际使用状况,改进了车钩的设计,使其满足产品在厂内的运输使用。     

围堰封底混凝土厚度设计

根据某大桥的施工特点,从理论和有限元角度,分别对围堰封底混凝土厚度的计算方法进行了分析。分析结果表明,通过合理考虑封底混凝土与桩基础之间的握裹力,封底混凝土设计更加经济合理,对同类型工程的施工具有一定的借鉴意义。     

W203型地铁牵引轨道车车体强度分析

文章介绍了W203型地铁牵引轨道车的车体结构形式、车体强度载荷工况、有限元静强度分析计算结果和疲劳强度计算结果、车体静强度试验验证,结果表明车体强度满足设计及标准要求。     

Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves

The behavior of a ship encountering large regular waves from astern at low frequency is the object of investigation, with a parallel study of surf-riding and periodic motion paterns. First, the theoretical analysis of surf-riding is extended from purely following to quartering seas. Steady-state continuation is used to identify all possible surf-riding states for one wavelength. Examination of stability indicates the existence of stable and unstable states and predicts a new type of oscillatory surf-riding. Global analysis is also applied to determine the areas of state space which lead to surf-riding for a given ship and wave conditions. In the case of overtaking waves, the large rudder-yaw-surge oscillations of the vessel are examined, showing the mechanism and conditions responsible for loss of controllability at certain vessel headings.List of symbols c wave celerity (m/s) - C(p) roll damping moment (Ntm) - g acceleration of gravity (m/s²) - GM metacentric height (m) - H wave height (m) - I _x ,I _z roll and yaw ship moments of inertia (kg m²) - k wave number (m^–1) - K _H ,K _W ,K _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - K _p forces in the roll direction (Ntm) - m ship mass (kg) - n propeller rate of rotation (rpm) - N _H ,N _W ,N _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - N _P moments in the yaw direction (Ntm) - p roll angular velocity (rad/s) - r rate-of-turn (rad/s) - R(,x) restoring moment (Ntm) - Res(u) ship resistance (Nt) - t time (s) - u surge velocity (m/s) - U vessel speed (m/s) - v sway velocity (m/s) - W ship weight (Nt) - x longitudinal position of the ship measured from the wave system (m) - x _G ,z _G longitudinal and vertical center of gravity (m) - x _S longitudinal position of a ship section (S), in the ship-fixed system (m) - X _H ,X _W ,X _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - X _P forces in the surge direction (Nt) - y transverse position of the ship, measured from the wave system (m) - Y _H ,Y _W ,Y _R hull reaction, wave, rudder, and propeller - Y _p forces in the sway direction (Nt) - z _Y vertical position of the point of action of the lateral reaction force during turn (m) - z _W vertical position of the point of action of the lateral wave force (m) Greek symbols angle of drift (rad) - rudder angle (rad) - wavelength (m) - position of the ship in the earth-fixed system (m) - water density (kg/m³) - angle of heel (rad) - heading angle (rad) - _e frequency of encounter (rad/s) Hydrodynamic coefficients K roll added mass - N _v ,N _r yaw acceleration coefficients - N _v N _r N _rr N _rrv ,N _vvr yaw velocity coefficients K. Spyrou: Ship behavior in quartering waves - X _u surge acceleration coefficient - X _u X _vr surge velocity coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r sway acceleration coefficients - Y _v ,Y _r ,Y _vv ,Y _rr ,Y _vr sway velocity coefficients European Union-nominated Fellow of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, Visiting Researcher, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan     

钢管混凝土拱桥在车辆荷载作用下的非线性动力响应分析

根据随动硬化理论和钢管混凝土组合材料恢复力模型 ,提出了复杂应力状态下钢管混凝土组合材料的弹塑性应力应变关系。采用非线性有限元法 ,对一钢管混凝土拱桥进行移动车辆荷载作用下车—桥体系的动力响应分析 ,并进一步研究钢管混凝土组合材料进入塑性后对体系振动的影响 ,取得了较满意的结果 ,为钢管混凝土拱桥动力性能评价提供参考。     

高速公路软岩隧道复合支护机理的FLAC解析

结合软弱围岩隧道工程地质和支护设计特点 ,应用有限差分方法 ( FLAC)模拟研究了软岩隧道受力变形特征和围岩收敛曲线 ,并分析了复合支护结构中一次支护和二次支护结构的作用机理及作用效果。研究结果表明 ,软岩隧道开挖和一次支护后围岩支护压力随拱顶位移增加而连续减小 ,预测的最大位移均发生在隧道拱顶。但是 ,在同样支护压力下 ,考虑软岩流变特征的收敛曲线的拱顶位移要大得多 ,必须及时设置二次支护。另外二次支护结构还将起到承受流变压力的作用