基于模糊PID控制的ABS仿真研究

以车轮滑移率为控制对象,分析了模糊控制的理论基础,将传统的模糊控制与经典的PID控制相结合,提出了白适应模糊PID控制算法,并进行了仿真研究.     

Flow Stress Model of Stainless Steel OCr13Ni5Mo at Elevated Temperature

For a more accurate forming calculation and numerical simulation of hydraulic turbine blade,experimental studies on the flow stress of stainless steel OCr13Ni5Mo were carried out upon Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator under different deformation conditions.The results then were analyzed and the effects of all influencing factors were summarized consequently.New mathematic models were conceived.Utilizing the software Matlab,regression coefficients were calculated by the least square method.The model has an eminent capability of curve-fitting performance with impact structure whose correlation coefficient is up to 0.908 0 and the cosine coefficient is 0.995 8.All mathematic models and process parameters can be used in engineering calculations or computer simulations.     

A data model applied to the knowledge-based ICAS

Image-guided computer aided surgery system (ICAS) contributes to safeness and success of surgery operations by means of displaying anatomical structures and showing correlative information to surgeons in the process of operation. Based on analysis of requirements for ICAS, a new concept of clinical knowledge-based ICAS was proposed. Designing a reasonable data structure model is essential for realizing this new concept. The traditional data structure is limited in expressing and reusing the clinical knowledge such as locating an anatomical object, topological relations of anatomical objects and correlative clinical attributes. A data structure model called mixed adjacency lists by octree-path-chain (MALOC) was outlined, which can combine patient's images with clinical knowledge, as well as efficiently locate the instrument and search the objects' information. The efficiency of data structures was analyzed and experimental results were given in comparison to other traditional data structures. The result of the nasal surgery experiment proves that MALOC is a proper model for clinical knowledge-based ICAS that has advantages in not only locating the operative instrument precisely but also proving surgeons with real-time operation-correlative information. It is shown that the clinical knowledge-based ICAS with MALOC model has advantages in terms of safety and success of surgical operations, and help in accurately locating the operative instrument and providing operation-correlative knowledge and information to surgeons in the process of operations.     

短时交通流预测方法比较

短时交通流预测是实现交通流诱导的关键技术之一。短时交通流因为其不确定性等特点而使其预测很复杂。通过实地调查获取的交通流量数据,分别采用移动平均法、指数平滑法、AR模型法3种交通流预测方法进行短时交通流量预测,并通过不同的评价指标对上述3种方法的预测效果进行评价,得出AR模型方法的预测效果优于其他2种方法。     

城际铁路列车开行方案优化分析

列车开行方案对城际铁路的运营组织至关重要,并直接影响着城际铁路运营效益。文中从旅客平均候车时间出发,提出城际旅客出行方便值的概念,基于城际铁路旅客出行方便值最大和运营组织效益最优,建立城际铁路客车开行方案优化模型,并设计该模型相应的算法。对城际铁路的运营管理决策有很好的借鉴意义。     

基于虚拟应力场法的船舶避让与控制

为了实现船舶在航道内的避障,应用虚拟力场法建立了避障模型,描述了目标点的虚拟引力和障碍物的虚拟斥力之间的关系及其功能设计,实现了从船舶运动坐标值到控制量的转变,结果证明．船舶能够在多变的周边环境中实现避障功能。     

脑弥漫性轴索损伤实验装置的研制及动物模型的建立

目的 自制一种脑弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)装置并成功建立DAI动物模型.方法 自制头颅瞬间旋转损伤装置,使大鼠头颅在瞬间(<3ms)旋转90°造成剪切损伤.观察损伤后大鼠的生命体征及行为学改变;于伤后2、6、12、24、36、72h及10d分别处死损伤组动物,制备脑石蜡切片,行镀银及HE染色,光镜下观察神经轴索变化.结果 伤后大鼠均即刻出现原发昏迷,其中2只于损伤后20min内死亡,余持续时间1-30min不等;伤后大鼠呼吸节律紊乱,瞳孔对光反射减弱或消失,醒后均有程度不等的反应性下降,肢体活动迟缓;肉眼可见广泛蛛网膜下腔出血或脑室出血;光镜下可见皮髓交界区、胼胝体区、脑干、小脑白质等部位的神经轴索有不同程度的肿胀、断裂、轴索球形成,后期有小胶质细胞增生,局部呈巢样聚集.结论 本装置能造成大鼠脑DAI,且具有简便、可控、确切的特点,适合进行中、小型动物DAI模型的实验研究.     

地震作用下钢筋混凝土桥墩抗倒塌性能研究

为研究混凝土桥墩的结构抗震性能,进行了单墩多自由度体系非线性静力推倒分析、非线性动力分析、增量动力分析。分别采用纤维模型中分布塑性铰和集中塑性铰两种建模方法,建立单墩有限元模型,利用Open Sees软件中的Hysteretic滞回模型考虑各种累积损伤的影响。     

超大型预制桥墩吊装过程数值计算

以某跨海工程超大型预制桥墩吊装方案为例,基于有限元分析软件ANSYS建立超大型预制桥墩的数值模型,施加重力场模拟吊装过程,得到了吊装过程中桥墩的受力状态,评定了吊装方案的优劣。针对吊装过程中桥墩及吊装件较危险的受力区域进行分析,提出了优化建议。     

“翻转课堂”热潮引发的思考

翻转课堂自实施以来,在教育领域引发大讨论,给教学带来了前所未有的变化,取得了良好的效果。本文对翻转课堂的由来及其对教学的改变进行分析,并探讨了翻转课堂实施对师生的要求,最后对我国大面积普及翻转课堂的制约因素进行了分析。