A study on possibility of commuting trip using private motorized modes in cities around the world: Application of multilevel model

The focus of the current research was to evaluate how the individual’s social characteristics and urban infrastructure impacts the usage of Private Motorized Modes (PMM). Based on individual and urban characteristics a multilevel analysis was conducted on the possibility of commuting trip by private motorized modes on the rush time of 78 cities around the world. Also the selected cities were classified through a principal component analysis, and based on the classification the impact of and urban variables on the possibility of commuting trips made by private motorized modes (PCTP) was verified. Results showed a diverse range of variables related to the usage of PMM, as well as the urban structure and railway lengths being an important variable in travel behavior.     

The impact of urban characteristics and residents’ income on commuting in China

This study examined the relationship between urban characteristics and residents’ commuting behaviour using sample survey data from 106 cities in China. We found that the average commuting time of high-income groups is significantly longer than that of low-income groups. The increasing urbanization rate leads to an increase in commuting time and more residents using public transport for commuting. The increase in the urban population density is expected to increase the commuting time and the possibility of commuting using non-motorised modes. Different urban characteristics have different effects on the commuting patterns of residents within different income groups. The increased urbanization rate promotes the use of motorised modes for commuting in the high-income group, and shortens the commuting time of the low-income group. We also found that population density and neighbourhood-level factors have a greater impact on the commuting time of the low-income group compared to the high-income group. We suggest China’s urban planners should place emphasis on the commuting requirements of the low-income group by China’s urban planners.     

区域综合货物运输通道规模研究

在分析已有运输通道研究文献的基础上对货物运输通道的合理规模进行研究,分为通道规模计算,通道中运输方式选择及合理通道规模模型的建立3部分,得出的货物运输通道规模能满足预测规划年的货流需求并留有一定的后备系数,对区域综合运输通道的建设规模研究有一定的价值。     

多制式轨道交通协同指挥中心的探讨

伴随城市群建设进程的加快,轨道交通建设呈多制式和网络化发展,多制式交通协同指挥系统是多制式交通协同运输的关键,提出打破传统各制式轨道交通间封闭的信息服务模式、运营组织方式及应急指挥体系,构建基于轨道快线、轨道普线和市域(郊)铁路多制式轨道交通一体化全方位监督和管理平台,并从管理体系、总体定位、系统架构、主要功能、支撑系统等方面提出适用的建设方案,充分发挥不同制式轨道交通的比较优势和组合效应,提升多制式交通的综合运输效率、协同处置能力以及乘客出行获得感,对现有交通网络化运营起到支撑和完善作用,并为后续多制式轨道交通协同指挥中心建设提供参考.     

搭载自动驾驶功能的智能网联汽车安全测试与评估方法研究

目前,针对搭载自动驾驶功能的智能网联汽车,国内外正在广泛开展特定设计运行条件下的道路测试、示范应用等工作,其安全测试与评估方法已经成为当前行业研究的热点和难点。从第三方视角出发,重点针对汽车智能化、网联化面临的主要安全风险,将智能网联汽车的安全测试与评估分为基础测评和监测调整两个阶段。在基础测评阶段,综合评估产品对过程保障及测试要求的符合情况;在监测调整阶段,基于对车辆实际安全状态的监测,适时调整安全评估结果。在此基础上,重点梳理了基于场景的测试、安全评估、监测等测评方法的内在逻辑及原则要求。分别阐述了功能安全、预期功能安全、网络安全和数据安全等过程保障方法及主要要求,以及模拟仿真、封闭场地、实际道路、网络安全和数据安全、软件升级、数据记录等测试方法及主要要求。提出的方法为特定设计运行条件下,具有自动驾驶功能的智能网联汽车综合安全评估提供了参考。     

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机场运营效率评价及影响因素分析对科学反映中国主要民用机场运营效率现状,实现中国民航业可持续发展,提高中国机场国际竞争力具有重要意义.本研究首先利用双重导向型DEA模型测算2006-2010年中国27个主要民用机场的运营效率,然后从宏观环境、行业与区域竞争及机场特征三个方面探索机场运营效率的影响因素.研究结果表明,2006-2010年中国主要民用机场的运营效率基本维持在较高水平;各机场的运营效率自2008年始均有不同程度的下降,且机场间运营效率的差异呈现逐年增大的趋势;腹地经济、机场规模、机场级别和一市多场等因素促进了机场运营效率的提升;区域竞争和行业竞争则不利于机场运营效率的提升.     

基于车流结构的计重收费可变附加值模型研究

计重收费是一种最主要的货车收费形式。为了分析货车流对公路交通的影响,均衡货车交通量的时空分布,需对传统计重收费方式进行优化。分析车流结构对公路使用寿命、通行能力、交通安全的影响,建立可变附加值模型,并分别对按车型收费、轮轴收费、计重收费、可变附加值计重收费4种方式在不同车流结构或货车总质量下的100km收费额度进行对比分析。分析表明,若按车型收费,在货车总质量和流量较小的情况下适用性较好;而按可变附加值计重收费则可更加合理地反映货车对道路及交通流的影响。     

模糊综合评判法评估炮兵作战指挥效能研究

通过分析影响信息化条件下炮兵作战指挥效能的因素,确定评估指标体系及权重,建立评估模型,并通过评估实例进行评估分析,得出结论并提出提高信息化条件下炮兵作战指挥效能的有效措施。     

LUTI operational models review based on the proposition of an a priori ALUTI conceptual model

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on understanding to what extent the components of LUTI models and their mutual interactions are conceptually represented by eight operational LUTI models. This is important for the understanding of LUTI models’ mechanisms, firstly because it may reduce communication barriers between planning communities, secondly because it may help us understand the models’ applicability, and thirdly it may highlight the models’ shortcomings and point for future research. We present a discussion about what subsystems should be considered for LUTI modelling, from which we derived an “a priori” conceptual ALUTI model (incorporating Activities, besides Land Use and Transport). By comparing the rationale behind each model with this conceptual model, we establish the basis for our review, focussing on whether these models incorporate the ALUTI components, its inner workings and the relationships between these components. Results indicate three main limitations of the reviewed models. First, models not always adequately include all the components of the a priori ALUTI model. Second, the ALUTI subsystems’ internal functions are not explicitly modelled in several of the models reviewed, making it difficult to evaluate how planning decisions affect the subsystem. Third, only few models recognise all mutual interactions, especially in respect to the Activity subsystem.     

Collaborative Logistics from the Perspective of Road Transportation Companies

ABSTRACT

To survive under the ever increasing competitive and global pressures to operate more efficiently, transportation companies are obliged to adopt a collaborative focus. Various types of cooperative supply chain relationships have been discussed in both professional and academic literature over the last decades. However, research on horizontal cooperation in logistics remains scarce and scattered across various research domains. Companies operating at the same level of the supply chain and performing comparable logistics functions may cooperate horizontally to increase their productivity, improve their service level and enhance their market position. In this paper, the focus is on the operational planning of horizontal cooperations between road transportation carriers. Following a scientific literature review, a distinction may be made between two operational approaches to horizontal logistics collaboration: order sharing and capacity sharing. For both research streams, a detailed overview of solution techniques proposed in literature is presented. Moreover, some interesting opportunities for future research are identified.